00:00:01
abisara the trist that's the poem we are
00:00:04
going to discuss today this is written
00:00:06
by gurudev rabindran Tor and uh this is
00:00:10
the first poem as far as rapid book is
00:00:13
concerned for ISC class 11 students now
00:00:16
gurudev rabindran tagor you would know
00:00:18
was the first non-european to be awarded
00:00:22
the Nobel Prize for literature in the
00:00:24
year 1913 for his collection of poems
00:00:27
called ganel okay and this particular
00:00:29
poem abisara celebrates the beauty of
00:00:32
Nature and the power of pure pure love
00:00:36
the power of pure love and the beauty of
00:00:38
nature please remember these phrases
00:00:40
because you could use them in your
00:00:42
answers okay so that is something
00:00:47
important
00:00:50
now upagupta and VAB data these are the
00:00:55
two characters as far as this particular
00:00:57
poem abisara is concerned Gupta and vas
00:01:01
dat
00:01:04
spellings okay now upagupta was a
00:01:07
disciple of Lord Buddha okay so that was
00:01:11
his character and he is the symbol and
00:01:14
please remember these three words I've
00:01:16
written it down in the notes of
00:01:18
selflessness that is doing things for
00:01:20
others and not for
00:01:22
oneself knowledge and righteousness as
00:01:26
in doing the right thing basav data was
00:01:29
a dancing girl in fact I remember
00:01:32
reading amarra katas of VAV dat and this
00:01:36
there are many stories about their
00:01:37
encounters the two encounters the two
00:01:40
meetings Rondevu that uh rind tagor has
00:01:44
spoken about are a little different but
00:01:47
nevertheless these are the ones which
00:01:48
you need to deal with but if you're
00:01:50
interested you can always pick up a book
00:01:52
on basav Dat there are many available on
00:01:53
the net and you can go through it also
00:01:55
so VAB data was known to be pretty proud
00:01:58
of her elegance and fortune that aspect
00:02:02
does not really come out in this poem
00:02:04
but that is essentially known to be one
00:02:05
of the characteristics of basav dat now
00:02:09
the next question is where is this poem
00:02:11
based in the poem is based in matura
00:02:14
which is a town in utar Pradesh pretty
00:02:17
close to Delhi ma is known for its oil
00:02:19
refinery as the uh also associated with
00:02:22
Lord Krishna and this particular poem
00:02:26
essentially talks of two events first in
00:02:28
the month of August and then the
00:02:30
following year in the month of April
00:02:33
okay so a gap of about eight months
00:02:35
between the two events when upagupta and
00:02:38
wasab data meet okay please remember all
00:02:41
these little little pointers that I'm
00:02:42
telling you because that helps you kind
00:02:44
of place the poem in a particular
00:02:47
context so once the poem itself is not a
00:02:49
complex poem but you need to understand
00:02:51
the context of the poem the themes of
00:02:53
the poem which is what I am focusing on
00:02:56
now what happens St on a night in August
00:03:01
is when upagupta is sleeping somewhere
00:03:04
in matura and vadata is walking and
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that's when she meets him okay and she's
00:03:09
Enchanted by his kind of looks by his
00:03:11
very Serene and good looks and she says
00:03:13
that this is not the place for you to
00:03:15
lie down please come to my home he says
00:03:18
no I won't and he says that he will come
00:03:20
to her when the time is ripe as in when
00:03:22
the time is right cut to April the
00:03:26
following year right the city of MAA is
00:03:29
celebrating the Festival of flows and
00:03:31
upagupta and most of them have gone to
00:03:33
the forest to celebrate that Festival
00:03:35
upagupta finds someone who is lying
00:03:37
outside the town on the outskirts of the
00:03:40
town right in the shadow of a mango
00:03:42
Grove and he finds that that is VAB data
00:03:45
and she has been thrown outside the town
00:03:48
because she's suffering from small pox
00:03:50
which is a contagious disease it could
00:03:52
spread to other people so they have
00:03:53
thrown her out of the uh town and um
00:03:57
upagupta at that point in time he shows
00:04:00
compassion and he tends to her and says
00:04:03
that the time has come for me to meet
00:04:05
you okay to visit you so the poem
00:04:08
essentially illustrates kindness empathy
00:04:11
and true love that when she needs him is
00:04:15
when upagupta says that I have come now
00:04:17
to visit you because the time is right
00:04:19
because you need someone to look after
00:04:21
you everyone else has discarded you but
00:04:24
I am here to help you I'm here to look
00:04:27
after you that is the reflection of
00:04:29
Truth true love
00:04:32
okay joke that
00:04:36
in you know I don't know if you're
00:04:38
familiar with bangaluru as a city and
00:04:39
there will be some students from
00:04:40
bangaluru out here bangaluru airport is
00:04:43
very far out from the city and the
00:04:45
traffic of Bengaluru is notorious right
00:04:48
so people say that in
00:04:49
Bengaluru someone X does not say I love
00:04:53
you to why if you want to show true love
00:04:56
to somebody in bangaluru you actually go
00:04:58
to receive them at the airport that that
00:05:01
is like the ultimate reflection of true
00:05:04
love as far as bangaloreans are
00:05:06
concerned just a joke no offense okay
00:05:10
now abisara in Sanskrit means meeting
00:05:14
okay trist uh means an appointment of
00:05:19
sorts okay abisara the trist uh trist
00:05:22
with Destiny javal Neu speech on the
00:05:24
midnight of August 1415 1947 delivered
00:05:27
in Parliament so trst with appointment
00:05:30
with Destiny here also meeting and
00:05:33
you're talking about a trist an
00:05:35
appointment okay and he has made an
00:05:37
appointment that I will come to you when
00:05:39
the time is right I hope you're
00:05:41
understanding the context
00:05:43
now uh the themes of the poem I've
00:05:45
written and I explain basically what
00:05:47
I've spoken about so far love and
00:05:49
longing for each other right then the
00:05:51
whole theme of spirituality right that
00:05:54
is the woman's Journey you know at one
00:05:56
time she was much sought after and one
00:05:58
time she's completely discarded right so
00:06:02
uh when she finally unites with upagupta
00:06:04
it symbolizes the union of an individual
00:06:07
and with the cosmic Consciousness in the
00:06:09
sense that you know it is also something
00:06:11
very spiritual okay um that is there and
00:06:15
the elements of nature which are there
00:06:17
in the second half of the poem and of
00:06:19
course the theme of compassion let's now
00:06:21
get started with the poem upagupta the
00:06:25
disciple of Buddha it's not written like
00:06:27
a typical poetry with with very heavy
00:06:29
words so you would find it pretty simple
00:06:31
to understand lay asleep on the Dust by
00:06:34
the city wall of Matra by means along
00:06:37
the wall by the city wall of Matra this
00:06:39
is pretty much almost like pros you
00:06:41
would find it very easy to understand
00:06:43
lamps were all outd doors were all shut
00:06:46
that is there were no lamps so it was
00:06:48
all dark the doors were all shut because
00:06:51
it was night time and stars were all
00:06:53
hidden by the murky Sky of August now
00:06:57
the murky means dark and very gloomy
00:07:00
kind of an atmosphere the stars were
00:07:02
hidden means there was some kind of a
00:07:04
cloud cover as a result of which no
00:07:06
stars were visible the doors were shut
00:07:10
indicates a sense of quiet okay uh
00:07:13
that's the atmosphere on this August
00:07:17
night or this night in
00:07:20
August whose feet were those tinkling
00:07:23
with anklets touching his breast of a
00:07:25
sudden now suddenly at that point in
00:07:28
time upagupta is awakened
00:07:30
because when the feet of a woman who is
00:07:32
wearing these kind of anklets you know
00:07:37
Bal okay uh and that woman was VAV data
00:07:41
that woman was VAV data a dancer who was
00:07:44
wearing those anklets which made a
00:07:46
tinkling kind of a sound he woke up
00:07:49
startled startled means there is a sense
00:07:51
of uh you know he's surprised he's kind
00:07:53
of surprised as a result of which aan
00:07:56
say he kind of gets up okay and
00:08:00
he woke up startled means he was in deep
00:08:03
Sleep only when you are in deep sleep
00:08:05
and someone comes and disturbs you you
00:08:07
are kind of startled kind of thing
00:08:09
because you're in deep Sleep deep sleep
00:08:11
who who are the kind of people who sleep
00:08:13
in deep Sleep who people who are at
00:08:16
peace with themselves if you are a very
00:08:18
troubl sought if you're having lot of
00:08:20
worries if you're having lot of
00:08:21
anxieties lot of tension your sleep is
00:08:24
likely to be disturbed you're likely to
00:08:25
see very disturbed dreams or you would
00:08:27
keep waking up right so you are if you
00:08:31
sleeping very peacefully it means you
00:08:32
are a man of Peace you have no worries
00:08:34
or anxieties in the world right and the
00:08:37
light from a woman's lap struck his
00:08:39
forgiving eyes now woman's lap so she's
00:08:41
holding a lamp and that sweat it kind of
00:08:44
struck his forgiving eyes forgiving eyes
00:08:47
also kind of conveys that you know he
00:08:49
did not kind of feel angry with her that
00:08:51
she had woken him up right so that is
00:08:53
again something which shows his
00:08:55
compassionate and kind uh hearted nature
00:08:59
right
00:09:00
now basav data it was the dancing girl
00:09:03
starred with jewels clouded with a pale
00:09:06
blue mantle drunk with the wine of her
00:09:09
youth now there are a few important
00:09:11
words out here right uh mantle is a
00:09:15
loose sleeveless garment worn over the
00:09:18
clothes by women okay so that is the
00:09:20
meaning of the word mantle out here
00:09:22
right she was wearing a lot of jewelry
00:09:25
okay so you can imagine a dancing girl
00:09:28
who was wearing this kind of a mantle
00:09:30
who was adorned with a lot of jewelry
00:09:32
clouded with a pale blue mantle drunk
00:09:34
with the wine of her youth drunk with
00:09:36
the vne of her youth one conveys her
00:09:39
youthful Beauty and also Lively demeanor
00:09:42
you know there is something very
00:09:44
beautiful uh and very artistic about her
00:09:47
drunk kind of conveys a sense of Pride
00:09:50
you know you are like they say you know
00:09:52
he was drunk on power of his father you
00:09:55
know the chief Minister's son was drunk
00:09:57
on the power of his father that you know
00:09:59
father was Chief father is chief
00:10:00
minister so I can do anything and I can
00:10:03
kill people on the payment you know that
00:10:04
kind of a drunk I mean drunk does not
00:10:06
necessarily mean actual intoxication but
00:10:10
Intoxicated by the power that you feel
00:10:12
that you
00:10:14
know here she's drunk with the wine of
00:10:18
her youth that is she felt good and in a
00:10:20
sense a sense of Pride right uh that she
00:10:24
was indeed very young and very Lively
00:10:28
and beautiful okay so that is
00:10:30
something that's how you need to
00:10:32
interpret this she lowered her lamp and
00:10:35
saw the young face osterly beautiful now
00:10:38
she lowered her lamp to see upagupta and
00:10:42
she saw this young man's face who was
00:10:44
very handsome austerely beautiful auster
00:10:47
also means uh someone who is serious in
00:10:50
the way he looks you know simple and
00:10:53
serious in the way he looks austerely
00:10:56
beautiful and then they speak forgive me
00:10:58
young as atic now athetic is someone who
00:11:01
is a saint kind of a person a sadhu kind
00:11:03
of person so she apologizes to
00:11:06
him and athetic is also someone who
00:11:09
abstains from any kind of indulgence who
00:11:11
has kind of you
00:11:13
know you know he is kind of leading a
00:11:15
very saintly kind of Life practices self
00:11:18
discipline and usually it's associated
00:11:20
with a particular religion in this case
00:11:22
the Buddhist religion so forgive me so
00:11:24
she's kind of asked for apology U young
00:11:28
athetic said the woman graciously come
00:11:30
to my house the dusty Earth is not a fit
00:11:32
bed for you that this dusty place is not
00:11:36
where you should ideally sleep upagupta
00:11:39
declines her uh invitation woman go on
00:11:43
your way when the time is ripe I will
00:11:46
come to you so is that you go now go on
00:11:48
your way can be interpreted like you go
00:11:52
on your way that is you go to your home
00:11:54
go on your way can also be interpreted
00:11:56
like you continue doing what you are
00:11:58
doing I will come to you when the time
00:12:00
is right right so it can be interpreted
00:12:02
both literally that is saying that you
00:12:04
know you proceed where you are going
00:12:06
right now or in the metaphorical sense
00:12:08
you continue doing what you're doing I
00:12:11
will come to you only when the time is
00:12:13
Rip okay when the time is right when the
00:12:16
time is right I will definitely come to
00:12:18
you suddenly the Black Knight showed its
00:12:21
teeth in a flash of lightning okay now
00:12:23
showed its teeth it's almost
00:12:25
personification the Black Knight showed
00:12:28
its teeth means lightning when there
00:12:32
is it's almost like you know someone is
00:12:35
kind of flashing his teeth so in a St in
00:12:38
a flash of lightning so there is the
00:12:40
element what I spoke you told you about
00:12:42
the theme of nature both in terms of the
00:12:45
trees and the flowers in the later half
00:12:47
of the poem and in the first half of the
00:12:49
poem like this the storm growled another
00:12:52
way of personification grow is used for
00:12:55
wolves or dogs right but here it's been
00:12:58
used for the storm the the kind of you
00:13:01
know the acoustic effect growled from
00:13:04
the corner of the sky and the woman
00:13:06
trembled in fear right so she sees the
00:13:09
lightning she hears the sound and she
00:13:12
trembled in fear so you have the
00:13:15
personification uh poetic devices which
00:13:18
have been used and the branches of the
00:13:22
Wayside trees were
00:13:28
aching oh there are two lines which are
00:13:32
missing there are two lines which have
00:13:34
gone missing in this strangely let me
00:13:36
just look at the book so that in any
00:13:38
case you have the book right so you will
00:13:40
know what I'm talking
00:13:50
about 1
00:13:53
minute 8
00:13:58
minute
00:14:18
the next line is a year had not passed
00:14:21
it was the evening of a day in April in
00:14:23
the spring okay those are the two lines
00:14:25
which are missing in this particular
00:14:27
version very strangely the branches of
00:14:30
the Wayside trees were aching with
00:14:32
Blossom gay notes of the flute came
00:14:34
floating in the warm spring air from
00:14:36
afar afar means from far off so now the
00:14:40
poem has made a transition to 8 months
00:14:42
later to the month of April when it is
00:14:45
spring season right and what happens in
00:14:47
Spring season you find a variety of
00:14:49
flowers on the trees so the branches of
00:14:52
the trees are filled with flowers
00:14:54
conveying the beauty of the spring
00:14:56
season and what does spring convey
00:14:58
spring conveys freshness spring conveys
00:15:00
Beauty spring conveys new life it
00:15:02
conveys renewal of life and energy a
00:15:06
freshness okay uh so from a distance the
00:15:09
cheerful and gay Tunes lovely Tunes uh
00:15:12
from a flute could be heard so in mcqs
00:15:15
you could get questions like this which
00:15:17
is the instrument which has been uh
00:15:20
mentioned in this particular
00:15:23
poem the citizens had gone to the woods
00:15:25
to the Festival of flowers from the mid
00:15:27
Sky gazed the full moon on the Shadows
00:15:30
of the silent town so the citizen there
00:15:32
was the Festival of flowers which was
00:15:34
being celebrated so all of them had gone
00:15:36
to the forest to the woods means to the
00:15:38
Forest Area outside matura from the mid
00:15:42
Sky gaze the full moon on the Shadows of
00:15:44
the silent town so uh from the mid Sky
00:15:48
gaze the full moon so this time earlier
00:15:51
the moon could not be seen because it
00:15:52
was a dark sky no stars could be seen
00:15:55
but this time the full moon is seen um
00:15:59
the full moon is seen this time on the
00:16:01
Shadows of the silent town so on the
00:16:03
Shadows of the silent town you have the
00:16:06
reflection of the full moon the young
00:16:09
athetic was walking in the Lonely Street
00:16:11
earlier it was VAV data who was walking
00:16:14
and upagupta was sleeping this time VAB
00:16:18
data is sleeping while the athetic
00:16:21
upagupta is walking and he walks towards
00:16:23
her so the young athetic so you see the
00:16:26
difference and note the difference the
00:16:27
young atic was walking in the Lonely
00:16:29
Street why is it lonely because everyone
00:16:32
in the town has gone to the woods for
00:16:34
the Festival of flaws while over head
00:16:37
The Love Sick coils urged from the mango
00:16:40
branches their Sleepless plaint plaint
00:16:42
means complaint so the coils are singing
00:16:45
coil is always a bird which is
00:16:47
associated with singing with sweet voice
00:16:49
okay so it is and it is love sick it is
00:16:52
kind of talking and singing of love so
00:16:56
the coil which is a member of the C
00:16:59
family known for its singing and uh it
00:17:02
is singing of Love okay they were
00:17:04
singing their love six songs uh which
00:17:06
indicates unfulfilled desire pretty much
00:17:08
similar to basab data and upagupta and
00:17:12
the longing for the Beloved which is
00:17:14
precisely what vas data did not so
00:17:16
apparent in this particular poem but in
00:17:18
the larger stories of vas dat and
00:17:20
upagupta that is pretty much a theme of
00:17:22
longing for the Beloved that vas data
00:17:24
falls in love with upagupta the moment
00:17:27
he she sees him so upagupta walked out
00:17:29
of the city and stopped at the base of
00:17:31
the walls of the city passed through the
00:17:34
city Gates and stood at the base of the
00:17:37
rampart Rampart Rampart of the Red Fort
00:17:40
the walls of the fort so the bottom area
00:17:43
that's what is known I mean the area
00:17:44
next to the walls is known as the ramp
00:17:46
parts of the fort so it stood at the
00:17:48
ramp part what woman lay in the shadow
00:17:51
of the wall at his feet struck with the
00:17:53
black pestilence her body spotted with
00:17:55
SS hurly driven away from the town so he
00:17:58
he's kind of questioning are who is this
00:18:01
woman who has been driven away who kind
00:18:03
of lying at near the shadow of the wall
00:18:05
and struck with She's suffering from
00:18:07
small pox pestilence is a fatal epidemic
00:18:12
uh disease okay so her body has these
00:18:14
kind of source of small pox and she had
00:18:17
been driven away from the town to
00:18:19
prevent the spread of the disease hurly
00:18:22
driven away from the town the athetic
00:18:25
SAT by her side taking her head on her
00:18:28
SN so he took VAB dat's um head on his
00:18:34
lap okay and moisten her lips with water
00:18:38
gave her water to drink in order to wet
00:18:40
her lips smeared her body with balb balb
00:18:43
could be a sandalwood P because that's
00:18:45
what is normally used so uh he did that
00:18:48
to kind of ensure that you know it would
00:18:51
help her in some way or other as a
00:18:54
medication and at that point in time VAB
00:18:56
data who so weak that this time she's
00:18:58
not recognized this man who are you
00:19:01
merciful one asked the woman merciful
00:19:03
means someone who is showing Mercy as
00:19:06
opposed to the people of the Town who
00:19:08
had turned her out the time at last has
00:19:11
come to visit you and I am here replied
00:19:13
the young athetic that I had said that I
00:19:15
will visit you when the time is ripe and
00:19:18
the time has come now because at this
00:19:20
point in time is when you actually need
00:19:23
me and I'm here to be of some kind of
00:19:26
help to you so that's what op Gupta
00:19:29
replies now I've already mentioned some
00:19:31
of the poetic devices like
00:19:33
personification the alliteration gay
00:19:35
notes of a flute came floating FF uh
00:19:39
then the young athetic is repeated many
00:19:42
times so there is a thing of repetition
00:19:45
then U there is also the element of
00:19:47
force shadowing which has been used in
00:19:49
the sense that you know when the time is
00:19:51
right I will come for you which means
00:19:54
that you the moment he says it the first
00:19:56
time you know that in this poem there
00:19:58
will come a time when it actually comes
00:19:59
true when he comes for her when the time
00:20:02
is ripe so there is a sense element of
00:20:04
foreshadowing and that's one of the
00:20:06
literary devices which has been used by
00:20:08
rabindra tagor then symbolism the mango
00:20:10
tree which kind of symbolizes love coil
00:20:13
as a bird uh singing from the mango tree
00:20:16
about unfulfilled love again as a
00:20:19
symbolism of the love between upagupta
00:20:22
and vasata more from vasata side for
00:20:25
upagupta uh then of course a lot of
00:20:27
imagery has been used austerely
00:20:30
beautiful starred with jewels clouded
00:20:32
with a blue pale blue mantle all of them
00:20:35
kind of help you form an image of VAB
00:20:38
data in your mind similarly that of
00:20:40
upagupta but much more of vasad data it
00:20:43
kind of helps you form what kind of a
00:20:45
person she would have been um along with
00:20:48
this I would be giving you the logical
00:20:51
reasoning questions the long answers and
00:20:54
questions five marks and 10 marks also
00:20:56
the mcqs okay so once all the elements
00:20:59
are there that should help you with your
00:21:01
preparation uh for the examination as
00:21:03
far as abisara is concerned it's a
00:21:05
simple poem uh but the themes is what
00:21:08
you should be aware of and all the kind
00:21:10
of words the specific words that you
00:21:12
should use so once you go through my
00:21:13
question and answers and notes you would
00:21:15
find it pretty easy to do that okay T
00:21:17
bye-bye thank you very much
