Ritual Puasa & Cara Orang Majapahit Mencari Tuhan Dalam Nirarthaprakerta | Ghibah Sejarah 07

00:42:50
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AiL4bYFH58k

Summary

TLDRVideo ini membahas keyakinan masyarakat Majapahit sebelum datangnya Islam, memperjelas bahwa mereka tidak hanya menyembah batu dan pohon, tetapi memiliki pemahaman spiritual yang lebih kompleks. Masyarakat Majapahit mengenal Sang Hyang Parama Shiva sebagai Tuhan yang maha tinggi dan menganut monoteisme. Dalam diskusi ini, ada penekanan pada pemahaman spiritual yang dapat ditemukan dalam literatur kuno, dengan tujuan spiritual utama mereka yaitu mencapai sunya, yaitu menyatu dengan Tuhan, bukan sekedar moksha yang dipahami di banyak tradisi spiritual lain. Selain itu, mereka memiliki praktik ritual yang cermat yang mencerminkan pemikiran dan filosofi mereka tentang kehidupan dan hubungan dengan Tuhan, yang tetap relevan hingga saat ini.

Takeaways

  • 🌳 Masyarakat Majapahit tidak menyembah batu atau pohon.
  • 📜 Mereka mengenal satu Tuhan dan spiritualitas tinggi.
  • 👁️ Menggunakan ilmu dan teks untuk memahami ketuhanan.
  • ✨ Tujuan utama mereka adalah mencapai sunya, bukan hanya moksha.
  • 📖 Penulis Prapanca mencatat sejarah dan filosofi Majapahit.
  • 🔄 Ritual mereka mencerminkan hubungan dengan Sang Hyang Parama Shiva.
  • 🔍 Masyarakat Majapahit adalah spiritualis yang fokus pada pencarian Tuhan.
  • 🧘‍♂️ Contoh meditasi dan pengendalian diri ada dalam praktik tapa dan puja.
  • 💡 Ajaran Majapahit relevan masih diterapkan dalam kehidupan modern.
  • 🤝 Perbedaan harusnya tidak menghalangi kita belajar dari sejarah.

Timeline

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    Kita membincangkan tentang kepercayaan orang Majapahit dan menjelaskan bahawa mereka bukan penyembah berhala, tetapi spiritualis yang mengenal Tuhan yang satu, berdasarkan sumber-sumber sastera yang ada.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    Pentingnya memahami agama Majapahit dan literasi sejarahnya yang menunjukkan mereka mempunyai pandangan yang lebih mendalam tentang Tuhan, yang tercatat dalam teks seperti Nirarthaprakerta dan Nagarakertagama.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    Sumber literasi yang ada memberikan gambaran tentang bagaimana pelbagai tradisi agama bersatu dan saling mempengaruhi, mengakui keesaan Tuhan di sebalik berbagai nama yang digunakan bergantung kepada tradisi masing-masing.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:20:00

    Kesimpulan awal menunjukkan bahawa penyembahan berhala di kalangan masyarakat Majapahit adalah salah faham dan mereka sebenarnya menganut konsep ketuhanan yang tinggi dan monoteis.

  • 00:20:00 - 00:25:00

    Jivanmas Moksha ini merujuk kepada pencapaian spiritual semasa hidup, yang menekankan pentingnya melebur dengan Tuhan dan bukan hanya setelah mati seperti dalam pemahaman moksha biasa.

  • 00:25:00 - 00:30:00

    Ritual dan amalan seperti tapa, yoga, dan samadhi menjadi cara untuk mencapai penyatuan dengan Sang Hyang Parama Shiva, menekankan pentingnya pengawalan diri dan disiplin dalam hidup.

  • 00:30:00 - 00:35:00

    Nirarthaprakerta memberikan panduan spiritual tentang bagaimana mencapai kesedaran yang lebih tinggi dan menghapuskan keinginan duniawi yang menghalang individu daripada menyatu dengan Tuhan.

  • 00:35:00 - 00:42:50

    Akhirnya, perbincangan menunjukkan bahawa meskipun terdapat perbezaan agama, nilai-nilai yang diajarkan untuk memperbaiki diri dan membantu orang lain adalah universal dan relevan sepanjang zaman.

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Mind Map

Video Q&A

  • Apakah masyarakat Majapahit menyembah patung?

    Tidak, mereka tidak menyembah patung, tetapi menggunakan simbol untuk memfokuskan ibadah dan mencapai kesadaran spiritual yang lebih tinggi.

  • Siapa itu Prapanca?

    Prapanca adalah penulis Nagarakertagama dan Nirarthaprakerta yang mencatat sejarah dan pandangan spiritual masyarakat Majapahit.

  • Apakah Majapahit mengenal satu Tuhan?

    Ya, masyarakat Majapahit dikenal sebagai monoteis yang merujuk kepada Sang Hyang Parama Shiva.

  • Apa itu sunya dalam konteks Majapahit?

    Sunya adalah keadaan menyatu dengan Tuhan, di mana individu mencapai pencerahan dan melampaui keinginan duniawi.

  • Apa tujuan spiritual dari masyarakat Majapahit?

    Tujuannya adalah menggapai sunya dan bersatu dengan Sang Hyang Parama Shiva dalam kehidupan ini.

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  • 00:00:00
    Is it true that before Islam came, our ancestors worshiped rocks and trees?
  • 00:00:04
    Even a kingdom as big as Majapahit still worshiped statues.
  • 00:00:09
    This is definitely not what I said, yes, and this narrative is clearly wrong!
  • 00:00:13
    Because it does not match the facts in the original Majapahit religious literature.
  • 00:00:17
    One of them, Nirarthaprakerta.
  • 00:00:20
    In Historical Ghibah on the ASISI Channel YouTube,
  • 00:00:23
    we will reveal what the Majapahit people really worshiped.
  • 00:00:27
    Is it true that they know the one God and also fast?
  • 00:00:31
    And what is the purpose of their rituals? Moksha? Or go to heaven?
  • 00:00:35
    Before commenting, watch the full video first.
  • 00:00:38
    Come on!
  • 00:00:47
    ASISI Channel's latest book, Secrets of the Archipelago, has been published.
  • 00:00:50
    This is a historical report & notes from my trip to dozens of Medang temples.
  • 00:00:55
    Where can you get it? Check comments or bio.
  • 00:00:58
    Those who already have it, I'm waiting for the review. And let's continue...
  • 00:01:02
    Selviya: Mas Asisi, if we talk about temples and ancient Javanese people,
  • 00:01:12
    I have heard, usually from sarcastic people,
  • 00:01:16
    that our ancient Javanese ancestors or the Majapahit people
  • 00:01:21
    worshiped stones and trees.
  • 00:01:25
    Worshipers of stones and trees,
  • 00:01:28
    and only truly knew God after the arrival of Islam.
  • 00:01:34
    We know that's not true, but we also need to discuss it,
  • 00:01:40
    whether it is true that the ancient Javanese, especially the Majapahit people, worshiped stones,
  • 00:01:45
    meaning perhaps worshiping statues in temples,
  • 00:01:48
    or worshiping trees, this may be a prehistoric legacy.
  • 00:01:53
    What's the term, Austronesian?
  • 00:01:56
    So what is that like, what does Mas Asisi think?
  • 00:02:02
    AISI: It is interesting when we talk about the religions
  • 00:02:06
    or beliefs of the Majapahit people, but what is certain is that the Majapahit people were spiritualists.
  • 00:02:11
    How do you know? Yes, from the temples.
  • 00:02:13
    Many and all of them are religious,
  • 00:02:15
    some are Buddhist, Hindu, Shiva-Buddhist, various things like that.
  • 00:02:19
    But what is interesting is what the spiritual style of the Majapahit people was like,
  • 00:02:25
    and how the Majapahit people viewed God.
  • 00:02:28
    Selviya: Yes, and the way they seek God.
  • 00:02:31
    ASISI: In fact, we get a lot of that information from literary sources,
  • 00:02:37
    lots of them.
  • 00:02:38
    There are many, like Sutasoma,
  • 00:02:40
    then Nagarakertagama also tells a little about it.
  • 00:02:43
    There are several books of speech, the books of speech are not speech.
  • 00:02:48
    Tutur means awareness, so in the books of awareness,
  • 00:02:51
    the ancient Javanese language says that.
  • 00:02:53
    These spoken books are important teachings at Kadewaguruan.
  • 00:02:57
    And according to the late Prof. Hariani Santiko, that's a kind of syllabus.
  • 00:03:01
    Syllabus at Kadewaguruan. So it's like a handle.
  • 00:03:04
    The details will be more detailed later.
  • 00:03:07
    Selviya: Well, regarding Kadewaguruan, we have discussed it specifically,
  • 00:03:10
    in the link above or in the description.
  • 00:03:14
    ASISI: Well, there are lots of books.
  • 00:03:16
    The book of speech itself began to appear during the time of Mpu Sindok.
  • 00:03:21
    That's according to Mrs. Hariani Santiko.
  • 00:03:23
    Selviya: What century was Mpu Sindok?
  • 00:03:24
    AISI: Mpu Sindok is from the 10th century, around the 10th-11th century this book began to appear.
  • 00:03:29
    But if you read everything you'll be tired, right?
  • 00:03:32
    Selviya: Of course very tired.
  • 00:03:34
    ASISI: Very tired. So, interestingly, there is a book or literary work
  • 00:03:39
    that summarizes the spiritual views of the Majapahit people.
  • 00:03:43
    Because it was written during the Majapahit era.
  • 00:03:45
    And what's even more amazing, we can see a picture of
  • 00:03:48
    how religions were formed, religions in Majapahit.
  • 00:03:51
    Cool, right?
  • 00:03:51
    What is the reason behind the emergence of these religions?
  • 00:03:54
    Selviya: But definitely not worshiping statues?
  • 00:03:57
    ASISI: No, statues have their own uses.
  • 00:04:00
    We will discuss it sometime, but what is certain is that Lingga-Yoni is a tool,
  • 00:04:03
    a tool, or a tool for concentrating
  • 00:04:07
    or changing the substance of water from ordinary water to holy water.
  • 00:04:11
    Selviya: OK, not something to worship?
  • 00:04:15
    ASISI: It's not something that is worshipped, what is worshiped is actually interesting.
  • 00:04:16
    Selviya: Well, yeah. Let's discuss it straight away.
  • 00:04:19
    ASSISTANCE: Nirarthaprakerta.
  • 00:04:23
    Selviya: What is this about, sir?
  • 00:04:25
    ASISI: Well, this is interesting, but it's a bit heavy, okay?
  • 00:04:27
    Selviya: That's okay, because we discussed seeking God.
  • 00:04:29
    ASISI: First, let me just summarize because this is very heavy.
  • 00:04:34
    Nirarthaprakerta opens
  • 00:04:37
    by teaching true reality or the highest reality.
  • 00:04:41
    According to Nirarthaprakerta, the highest reality,
  • 00:04:45
    and is a recording of the minds of Majapahit people in general,
  • 00:04:48
    is called Sang Hyang Parama Siwa.
  • 00:04:51
    Sang Hyang Parama Shiva is beyond everything. Beyond Trimurti too.
  • 00:04:55
    Selviya: Shiva, Vishnu huh?
  • 00:04:57
    ASISI: Right, right.
  • 00:04:58
    Who is it, Iswara, Vishnu, Brahma, it is placed under this Shiva.
  • 00:05:04
    So Iswara is separated from Shiva.
  • 00:05:07
    Sang Hyang Parama Shiva is the essence of Shiva. The essence of Shiva is very high.
  • 00:05:12
    Then it is said in other books,
  • 00:05:15
    such as the book Sang Hyang Kamayanikan,
  • 00:05:17
    then some in Nagarakertagama too, that this essence,
  • 00:05:22
    which is called Parama Shiva, was called by various names
  • 00:05:25
    by other religions at that time.
  • 00:05:27
    He is also called the Buddha or the Adi Buddha in the Sogata religion.
  • 00:05:32
    He is called Vishnu in the Vaishnava religion, like that.
  • 00:05:37
    So it means that even though there are lots of forces, forces are religions in our language,
  • 00:05:43
    but they actually call on the same Substance.
  • 00:05:46
    They are like, yes, even though the names can be different,
  • 00:05:50
    it could be Vishnu according to the Vaishnava religion, it could be Shiva according to the Saivite religion,
  • 00:05:54
    it could be Sang Hyang Adi Buddha according to the Sogata religion, or others.
  • 00:05:59
    But the essence remains the same.
  • 00:06:01
    And He has the nature of having no beginning, no end, beyond everything,
  • 00:06:07
    cannot be seen, cannot be touched with the five senses,
  • 00:06:12
    cannot be reached by the mind, cannot be approached,
  • 00:06:15
    he is near but far, far but near, he is not in this world, nor in the world there,
  • 00:06:20
    he is beyond everything.
  • 00:06:23
    OK, in our current parlance, who has such qualities?
  • 00:06:27
    Lord.
  • 00:06:28
    Selviya: So this is clear, that the Majapahit people, the ancient Javanese people,
  • 00:06:33
    did not worship statues, did not worship stones,
  • 00:06:36
    but what they represented was possible.
  • 00:06:39
    Namely one of them is Sang Hyang Parama Sunya.
  • 00:06:42
    ASISI: Parama Sunya, Parama Siwa, the same.
  • 00:06:44
    Selviya: Sang Hyang Parama Sunya, Sang Hyang Parama Shiva.
  • 00:06:48
    ASISI: And that's one nature. Single, just one.
  • 00:06:53
    Because its singleness surpasses everything.
  • 00:06:57
    This means that He is counted as many or not, not even as one.
  • 00:07:02
    Beyond our thinking.
  • 00:07:04
    Selviya: Can it be said that the Ancient Javanese or Majapahit people were monotheists?
  • 00:07:08
    ASISI: In my personal opinion, once again in my personal opinion,
  • 00:07:13
    the Majapahit people were monotheists with the existence of Sang Hyang Parama Shiva,
  • 00:07:17
    who transcends everything.
  • 00:07:18
    This is also called Sang Hyang Buddha, Adi Buddha,
  • 00:07:21
    also called Sang Hyang Vishnu, various things.
  • 00:07:24
    Selviya: So what year was it written, Mas Asisi?
  • 00:07:27
    AISI: From the colophon, according to the late Professor Slamet Muljana,
  • 00:07:32
    it was written after Nagarakertagama was completed, namely 1366.
  • 00:07:36
    Selviya: Is it related to Nagarakertagama?
  • 00:07:39
    ASISI: In Mr Slamet Muljana's analysis, there is.
  • 00:07:43
    It is said in Nagarakertagama, this has been on hold for a while,
  • 00:07:47
    it has been written but it has been put on hold for a while, then it will be finished.
  • 00:07:50
    Guess who wrote it?
  • 00:07:53
    According to Professor Slamet Muljana's analysis, yes Prapanca.
  • 00:07:56
    It's funny when discussing Prapanca.
  • 00:08:00
    So in Nagarakertagama,
  • 00:08:02
    Prapanca admitted that he had written a lot of literature,
  • 00:08:06
    before writing Nagarakertagama aka Desawarnana.
  • 00:08:10
    The two books that he mentioned, even he considered these two works,
  • 00:08:12
    "Ah, this is too useless. I still can't heal my heartache,"
  • 00:08:16
    like that.
  • 00:08:16
    “Ah, it's a waste to write this.”
  • 00:08:18
    The two titles are one Sakapada, the other one Lambang.
  • 00:08:23
    Sakapada means Saka year, this symbol means literature.
  • 00:08:28
    The symbol is literature.
  • 00:08:29
    Not a symbol in Indonesian, a symbol is literature.
  • 00:08:33
    So, he postponed these two books for a while,
  • 00:08:36
    then he finished Nagarakertagama aka Desawarnana.
  • 00:08:39
    After that, in 1366, the Book of Symbols was completed.
  • 00:08:43
    So the title Nirarthaprakerta is actually a symbol.
  • 00:08:48
    Selviya: Ah, so it was written by the same person?
  • 00:08:53
    ASISI: Possibly the same person,
  • 00:08:54
    because all the characters of the author of Nagarakertagama
  • 00:08:58
    and Nirarthaprakerta are similar.
  • 00:09:00
    In fact, they share a universe of feelings.
  • 00:09:03
    Firstly, you've lived in a palace, right?
  • 00:09:07
    The author of Nirarthaprakerta and Nagarakertagama alias Prapanca, is the same.
  • 00:09:11
    Then use a para or pseudonym.
  • 00:09:13
    Then go to the village. It's awkward to live in the village.
  • 00:09:17
    Then he felt insulted in the palace. His father was still alive and living in the palace.
  • 00:09:22
    So there are similarities like that.
  • 00:09:25
    In fact, in Nirathaprakerta itself, the name or word Prapanca appears.
  • 00:09:30
    This means people are confused.
  • 00:09:32
    Selviya: Interesting.
  • 00:09:33
    ASISI: Because the author of Nirarthaprakerta was ridiculed.
  • 00:09:38
    He even recorded the taunts at the palace.
  • 00:09:41
    People mock what a person
  • 00:09:42
    who really intends to seek God is like.
  • 00:09:45
    Mocked as confused. Maybe the heartache or wound is still deep.
  • 00:09:50
    He went to the village, then spilled everything.
  • 00:09:53
    He continued to say, this is indeed a book of confused people.
  • 00:09:57
    Prapanca's name appeared.
  • 00:09:58
    Then add more, there is one more interesting thing.
  • 00:10:01
    He admitted in Nirarthaprakerta that, in writing literature,
  • 00:10:05
    he included feelings.
  • 00:10:06
    Basically he was complaining that I couldn't get this out of my feelings.
  • 00:10:11
    Still mixed like that.
  • 00:10:13
    Selviya: But it's a good writer.
  • 00:10:15
    ASISI: That's typical of Prapanca.
  • 00:10:16
    Selviya: And we owe him a lot.
  • 00:10:19
    Because we know the greatness of Majapahit, that's from Prapanca.
  • 00:10:25
    If he did not write Nagarakertagama or Desawarnana,
  • 00:10:27
    perhaps the Majapahit version that has come down to us is the Babad Tanah Jawi version.
  • 00:10:33
    Luckily there are Mpu Prapanca and Nagarakertagama.
  • 00:10:37
    But I became curious.
  • 00:10:39
    Sang Hyang Parama Shiva, or Sang Hyang Parama Sunya,
  • 00:10:44
    was this called Sang Hyang Parama Sunya in previous eras?
  • 00:10:46
    ASISI: The problem in the previous era was that there were no literary works.
  • 00:10:50
    That's why we can't know.
  • 00:10:55
    What is their religious style actually like?
  • 00:10:57
    We only rely on inscriptions from the temple.
  • 00:11:01
    Selviya: What about Sang Hyang Kamahayanikan?
  • 00:11:02
    ASISI: The oldest Sang Hyang Kamahayanikan
  • 00:11:04
    also called Sang Hyang Adi Buddha.
  • 00:11:06
    And Sang Hyang Adi Buddha is called by several names.
  • 00:11:11
    In the Shiva religion it is called Sang Hyang Parama Shiva,
  • 00:11:16
    in the Vaishnava religion it is called something like that.
  • 00:11:20
    I forgot the name in Vaishnava. Oh, Sang Hyang Niskala.
  • 00:11:25
    Called Sang Hyang Niskala in the Vaishnava religion
  • 00:11:29
    and several other religions.
  • 00:11:30
    Selviya: OK, there seems to be a similarity.
  • 00:11:32
    ASISI: There are similarities. There is progress in my opinion.
  • 00:11:35
    So according to Mrs. Hariani Santiko's analysis,
  • 00:11:38
    the Medang period was still truly as we understand it,
  • 00:11:42
    there was Sogata or Buddhism, there was Hinduism, Hindu-Trimurti,
  • 00:11:45
    and so on, they were still separate and clear.
  • 00:11:47
    But starting from the East Java period there was a fusion.
  • 00:11:50
    And one of the causes of this fusion is because there are similar minds
  • 00:11:55
    in deducing or inducing what God is like. There are similarities.
  • 00:12:02
    Selviya: Oh, interesting huh. This is the thought of the late Mrs. Hariani Santiko.
  • 00:12:06
    ASSISTANT: Mrs. Hariani Santiko.
  • 00:12:07
    That's why he said that Buddha was no longer there.
  • 00:12:10
    It didn't exist in the East Java era. There are no remains.
  • 00:12:12
    In my opinion, it's not that there aren't any, but because there is a fusion.
  • 00:12:16
    Selviya: Like one temple can be used for Hindu and Buddhist worship.
  • 00:12:20
    ASSISTION: Worship together. Where is the proof? Jawi Temple.
  • 00:12:24
    According to Nagarakertagama.
  • 00:12:25
    Selviya: That's right, yes. So there is a correspondence between literary works
  • 00:12:32
    and the form of the temple itself.
  • 00:12:34
    ASISI: Right.
  • 00:12:35
    Well, if then the Majapahit people already knew,
  • 00:12:39
    they already had the concept of divinity as I mentioned earlier,
  • 00:12:41
    the unreachable, the far but near, the near but far away,
  • 00:12:45
    the singular, the one, the one, the unthinkable, and so on.
  • 00:12:49
    The question is, do they have a spiritual purpose?
  • 00:12:54
    For example, going to heaven..
  • 00:12:55
    Selviya: Or Moksha.
  • 00:12:59
    ASISI: Moksha, or detachment from birth.
  • 00:13:03
    Apparently not. The Majapahit people had one goal in their spiritualism.
  • 00:13:07
    Reaching Sunya.
  • 00:13:09
    Why? Because they aspire to merge with the former,
  • 00:13:14
    the singular.
  • 00:13:15
    There is melting. And it is hoped that fusion will not wait for death.
  • 00:13:20
    So there are two meanings of moksha.
  • 00:13:23
    The general definition of moksha is after death.
  • 00:13:27
    Sometimes described as suddenly disappearing,
  • 00:13:29
    like Brawijaya in the Babad Tanah Jawi.
  • 00:13:32
    Suddenly it disappeared. That's the general meaning.
  • 00:13:35
    But it turns out moksa in the meaning of the Majapahit people is different.
  • 00:13:39
    Moksha is still in this life. His name is Jivatma Moksha.
  • 00:13:43
    Jivatma Moksa means moksa but we are still alive here.
  • 00:13:48
    The question is, is it lost? No. It's still alive, we'll dig it up later.
  • 00:13:52
    This is interesting. Very interesting.
  • 00:13:54
    Selviya: What's the logic like?
  • 00:13:56
    ASISI: Jivatma Moksa or moksa in the world according to the Majapahit people
  • 00:14:01
    is one with the Creator.
  • 00:14:04
    Sang Hyang Parama Shiva from earlier. Really unified.
  • 00:14:07
    With this union he has the attributes of God.
  • 00:14:10
    God is merciful, yes he loves. God is the Giver, yes He gives.
  • 00:14:13
    Like Sunya.
  • 00:14:16
    So unification can only be achieved
  • 00:14:20
    if we are already in a state of sunya.
  • 00:14:22
    But the question is, what is sunya like? How to achieve it?
  • 00:14:28
    Selviya: How is that?
  • 00:14:29
    AISI: Uniquely, in Nirarthaprakerta we are taught about religious knowledge.
  • 00:14:34
    Truly very high level knowledge. About the earliest times.
  • 00:14:36
    Her name is Tatwa. Tatwa is true knowledge.
  • 00:14:40
    In the understanding of the Majapahit people, according to Nirarthaprakerta,
  • 00:14:44
    it started from the beginning before everything existed. Before the time of creation.
  • 00:14:49
    There is such a thing as Pradhana. It is not explained what Pradhana is like.
  • 00:14:54
    Anyway, there is Pradhana, that's all. The earliest.
  • 00:14:57
    After that the Pradhana broke. It breaks down into many,
  • 00:15:01
    and becomes elements called Panca Maha Bhuta.
  • 00:15:04
    Selviya: Like the Big Bang, yeah.
  • 00:15:05
    ASISI: Split into Panca Maha Bhuta and Panca Tan Matra. There are two of these.
  • 00:15:11
    What is Panca Maha Bhuta? Five elements of the universe.
  • 00:15:14
    Namely fire, water, earth, air, and ether.
  • 00:15:18
    Then Panca Tan Matra is also five elements, but non-material.
  • 00:15:24
    It is not explained in Nirarthaprakerta, but it is enough for us to know
  • 00:15:28
    that Panca Maha Bhuta is the basis for the creation of the material world.
  • 00:15:31
    The Panca Tan Matra is the basis for the creation of the non-material realm,
  • 00:15:37
    including our soul, consciousness, and so on. These two then merge.
  • 00:15:42
    The clearest context is in the human context.
  • 00:15:45
    The two things meet, merge. Forming something called consciousness.
  • 00:15:52
    So, what is this awareness born of? From the five senses. Or Indria.
  • 00:16:00
    So consciousness is at the end of the five senses, the eyes see,
  • 00:16:04
    the mouth speaks or tastes, the skin feels,
  • 00:16:08
    the ears hear, and so on. They call them senses.
  • 00:16:11
    Humans are conscious, conscious as humans, not conscious of the mind,
  • 00:16:15
    because there are senses or five senses.
  • 00:16:18
    Or maybe there is something called a sixth sense,
  • 00:16:21
    but what is clear is that there is that sense.
  • 00:16:23
    With these senses,
  • 00:16:25
    humans finally recognize what is called pleasure.
  • 00:16:28
    The eyes see delicious things, the mouth tastes delicious things,
  • 00:16:32
    the ears hear delicious things, and so on.
  • 00:16:35
    And that becomes the root of lust.
  • 00:16:38
    From there, humans end up having big desires, all kinds of things.
  • 00:16:43
    So Prapanca said,
  • 00:16:45
    actually the line between good and evil is thin. Very thin.
  • 00:16:50
    Selviya: As thin as my patience is.
  • 00:16:53
    ASISI: Because of that, people even appeared later
  • 00:16:56
    who gave vent to their desires. Giving vent to the senses.
  • 00:17:01
    In fact, people who steal state money up to that amount
  • 00:17:04
    have a lot of salary, in fact they already have enough to live on.
  • 00:17:06
    But they still take. What is missing in their life?
  • 00:17:09
    The feeling, the satisfaction.
  • 00:17:12
    Or maybe the person is just bad.
  • 00:17:15
    Selviya: Even mixing petrol.
  • 00:17:16
    ASISI: Up to mixing petrol and so on.
  • 00:17:18
    It means that these people are still struggling with their desires.
  • 00:17:23
    His desire cannot be stopped. Uncontrollable, like that.
  • 00:17:26
    Well, that's why Prapanca finally said this so subtly.
  • 00:17:31
    Melting it.
  • 00:17:33
    Here then the problem becomes,
  • 00:17:35
    if we want to get rid of lust or evil,
  • 00:17:37
    it means we have to get rid of our consciousness.
  • 00:17:40
    Because it is integrated with consciousness, through the senses.
  • 00:17:44
    It's very thin. If it's like that, it's gone.
  • 00:17:48
    So confused, people are in a daze. Or his name is Prapanca.
  • 00:17:52
    People are dazed, their consciousness is lost.
  • 00:17:54
    Or vice versa, it will still be maintained.
  • 00:17:57
    By maintaining it, the satisfaction of lust will continue.
  • 00:18:00
    And that plunges humans into yamaloka or hell.
  • 00:18:03
    In hell, there is called Gohmuka.
  • 00:18:06
    A vessel or pot, and people are boiled in it.
  • 00:18:09
    Selviya: Become human soup. ASISI: Become human soup.
  • 00:18:11
    Well, it's confusing. If you want to get rid of it, you become dazed,
  • 00:18:14
    if you let it go, it can even lead you to hell.
  • 00:18:17
    So then Prapanca wrote the next part, about this teaching.
  • 00:18:22
    Teachings about Sunya. What's that? It turns out it's about the five senses.
  • 00:18:27
    We return to the five senses. These five senses give birth to what is called action.
  • 00:18:30
    And the action was compressed into three by Prapanca. Her name is Trikaya.
  • 00:18:35
    These three things are important. This is the key. There is even Tantra in it.
  • 00:18:40
    Of these trikayas, the first is action or action.
  • 00:18:44
    The second is words. The third is the mind. Already.
  • 00:18:47
    Hold fast to these three things.
  • 00:18:48
    According to Prapanca in Nirarthaprakerta, these three things are,
  • 00:18:53
    if they are directed to the right, it will be very good.
  • 00:18:57
    If it's pointed to the left, it's really bad.
  • 00:18:59
    If you direct it upwards, it will merge with Sang Hyang Parama Shiva.
  • 00:19:03
    Selviya: Concretely, where is Mas Asisi?
  • 00:19:05
    ASISI: Concretely like this. These three things are actions, words, and thoughts.
  • 00:19:10
    If it is directed towards goodness, what will be the results?
  • 00:19:13
    It is said that it can gain wealth, love, wisdom, and so on.
  • 00:19:18
    Automatic, right? Selviya: Yes.
  • 00:19:19
    ASISI: But if it's directed to the left, people get worse in the end.
  • 00:19:22
    His words are evil, his thoughts are evil, his actions are evil. The result is crime.
  • 00:19:27
    It's endless.
  • 00:19:28
    But if it is directed upwards, towards God, his words are about God,
  • 00:19:33
    his actions are about worship, and so on.
  • 00:19:35
    The results are good too. The result is spiritual elevation.
  • 00:19:39
    If it is directed upwards, it means it is directed towards Sang Hyang Parama Sunya.
  • 00:19:42
    So melting occurs. How to?
  • 00:19:45
    Well, this is the method that gives birth to rituals.
  • 00:19:49
    And that ritual gives birth to what is called religion.
  • 00:19:55
    So I explained earlier
  • 00:19:57
    how the Majapahit people viewed the birth of religions.
  • 00:20:00
    Turns out it was. Actually, it's more like a ritual. But the concept is the same.
  • 00:20:04
    Selviya: Oh, what are the rituals?
  • 00:20:05
    ASISI: In general there are things called tapa, yoga, samadhi,
  • 00:20:10
    then puja, mantra. Well that's it. So there are a few things.
  • 00:20:17
    There are five things that I mentioned earlier. But implementation can vary.
  • 00:20:21
    Depends on each religion.
  • 00:20:23
    Vaishnava people and Saiwa people are different. Where are you directed?
  • 00:20:27
    His name, God's name, or God's name can change.
  • 00:20:29
    Changed the name of the God, changed the religion.
  • 00:20:31
    From here the name religion was born. From here the name religious differences was born.
  • 00:20:36
    Well, if we put it into concrete now, even more concretely, there are many, very similar things.
  • 00:20:42
    For example, puja. What does puja mean? Puja means focusing on God.
  • 00:20:47
    Worship God. Praising. Then, a spell. What does that mantra mean?
  • 00:20:52
    The mantra is reading the holy scriptures. In Hinduism it might be a mantra.
  • 00:20:56
    But in Sogata or Buddha it is sutra. He recited sacred sutras.
  • 00:21:02
    For Tantric people, maybe darana. He read the book.
  • 00:21:05
    Then japa. What is Japa? Japa is dhikr.
  • 00:21:07
    Continue to say God's name over and over again
  • 00:21:10
    to increase your focus on God. Selviya: Oh I see, okay.
  • 00:21:13
    ASISI: That's repetitive. Well, what's interesting, this can be explained again.
  • 00:21:18
    Keep in touch with each.
  • 00:21:19
    Between Tapa, Yoga, Samadhi, and so on. It includes those three actions.
  • 00:21:25
    Actions, thoughts and words. Trikaya that. Well, let's just explain one thing.
  • 00:21:30
    Only one thing is interesting, namely Tapa.
  • 00:21:32
    What does Tapa mean, if people see it in films, what does Tapa mean?
  • 00:21:39
    Apparently it means control.
  • 00:21:39
    So, some kings did Tapa, or freelance wanaprasta, renounce themselves.
  • 00:21:46
    They control their desire to climb the mountains.
  • 00:21:48
    To the hills, to the mountainsides. Exercising extraordinary control.
  • 00:21:53
    It's called Tapa.
  • 00:21:55
    Well, Tapa in Majapahit culture includes three levels.
  • 00:22:00
    Selviya: What are they?
  • 00:22:01
    AISI: The three levels include something called Sariraka.
  • 00:22:04
    There is something called Wacika. And there is something called Manasa.
  • 00:22:08
    OK, concretely like this. Control is actually fasting.
  • 00:22:12
    Similar to fasting.
  • 00:22:13
    So, according to the Majapahit people, when people fast,
  • 00:22:17
    all they think about is hunger, what time they will break their fast, what time they will have sahur,
  • 00:22:22
    if someone eats they are offended, basically they only think about eating.
  • 00:22:26
    That level is still very low according to the Majapahit people. That's Sariraka.
  • 00:22:31
    Well, this is interesting, but, by the way, it's hot.
  • 00:22:35
    Selviya: Yes, it's getting hotter. Let's move first.
  • 00:22:37
    ASISI: Let's move to another place first. Danger, danger.
  • 00:22:39
    Selviya: It's finally cooler here. ASISI: It's cooler here, cooler.
  • 00:22:45
    Selviya: Well, let's move on.
  • 00:22:48
    If I'm not mistaken, we reached the second stage, Mas Asisi.
  • 00:22:51
    ASSISTION: Second stage.
  • 00:22:52
    The second stage is Wacika in the meaning of the Majapahit people.
  • 00:22:55
    So, according to the Majapahit people in Nirarthaprakerta,
  • 00:22:59
    if someone fasts, he no longer thinks about being hungry,
  • 00:23:04
    breaking the fast, if someone eats he is offended, it's no longer there.
  • 00:23:08
    But what he was thinking instead was more anxious, what will I say later,
  • 00:23:12
    watch my words, don't hurt people, don't slander, and so on,
  • 00:23:17
    watch my mouth. That's what he was worried about. Can you or not? Even though it's been difficult all this time.
  • 00:23:21
    It has reached the second stage. The middle stage, namely Wacika.
  • 00:23:25
    Well, the highest is Manasa. Manasa, manah.
  • 00:23:28
    Manah is related to the mind.
  • 00:23:29
    That is, if people don't think about stomach problems,
  • 00:23:32
    hunger problems or whatever, or mouth problems, that's all sorted.
  • 00:23:36
    But what I am thinking is, can I
  • 00:23:38
    only focus on the Creator during fasting ? Focus on the Creator.
  • 00:23:43
    So fast your mind. That's a higher level.
  • 00:23:46
    Well, that has entered the third level, namely Manasa.
  • 00:23:49
    By achieving these three things, Sariraka, Wacika, Manasa, continuing to rise,
  • 00:23:56
    this will achieve union with the Creator
  • 00:23:59
    or Sang Hyang Parama Sunya.
  • 00:24:01
    Only, there is one characteristic of Sang Hyang Parama Sunya.
  • 00:24:05
    Sang Hyang Parama Sunya is described in Nirarthaprakerta like this.
  • 00:24:09
    Like fire coming out of wood.
  • 00:24:13
    This means that if the wood is not subjected to certain conditions, the fire will not come out. Right?
  • 00:24:19
    But if it is subjected to certain conditions, for example rubbed, then the fire will come out.
  • 00:24:23
    If it is not conditioned, even if you look for it, open it, there will be nothing.
  • 00:24:26
    Fire will not appear. Similar to that.
  • 00:24:28
    Sang Hyang Parama Sunya, or the Almighty,
  • 00:24:32
    he only unites under certain conditions and he cannot be summoned.
  • 00:24:36
    Can't be asked, can't be ordered, whatever he wants.
  • 00:24:40
    So, what is that condition? Sunya. Sunya also cannot be conditioned.
  • 00:24:46
    For example, we have to be quiet, not hear anything, it can't be like that.
  • 00:24:49
    Sunya was sudden. It depends on the stability
  • 00:24:54
    in carrying out japa, puja, mantra, and so on, stability there.
  • 00:24:58
    Then try to escape from worldly ties.
  • 00:25:02
    The condition is to be free, completely free from worldly ties.
  • 00:25:06
    The sensual desires have been subdued, dissolved, and defeated.
  • 00:25:10
    When all that is lost, we are no longer bound by desire,
  • 00:25:14
    we are standing on desire, then it is said in Nirarthaprakerta that it
  • 00:25:20
    is not conditioned, but in the term suddenly (suddenly).
  • 00:25:23
    Next thing you know, we are passive. Next thing you know.
  • 00:25:28
    We are not the ones who condition, but we are conditioned.
  • 00:25:30
    Suddenly the name Heneng appeared in Old Javanese.
  • 00:25:34
    Silence is still, calm, and achieves maximum calm.
  • 00:25:38
    Continue not to be tied to the world. And he is completely independent.
  • 00:25:42
    This means that whatever the world wants to be like, it has been released. Suddenly conditioned like that.
  • 00:25:49
    It was at that moment, when he no longer had desires,
  • 00:25:52
    that suddenly there was a union.
  • 00:25:54
    He has merged with Sang Hyang Parama Sunya.
  • 00:25:58
    And that is the dream of spiritual people in Majapahit. That became their dream.
  • 00:26:05
    Melt with it. So when kings died, they were considered to be merged.
  • 00:26:09
    In what way? Arranged.
  • 00:26:12
    Kertanagara is depicted in a statue. Vishnuwardhana is idolized and so on.
  • 00:26:18
    They are demonized because they are thought to melt.
  • 00:26:20
    Because it is the dream of the Majapahit people to merge with their divine god.
  • 00:26:24
    Unite with the Gods. His dream was like that.
  • 00:26:28
    That's control.
  • 00:26:29
    That's why I said earlier, kings go wanaprastha,
  • 00:26:34
    then everyone is controlled.
  • 00:26:36
    All desires during power and others
  • 00:26:38
    are eliminated, controlled.
  • 00:26:39
    This control is called upawasa or fasting.
  • 00:26:43
    So tapa is control. In other words, fasting.
  • 00:26:47
    Selviya: That's why when it is told, for example, that Arjuna was in meditation,
  • 00:26:51
    the god Indra sent angels to tempt him.
  • 00:26:56
    Was that also part of testing Arjuna's ritual?
  • 00:27:02
    ASSIS: Maybe. Part of Arjuna's ritual,
  • 00:27:06
    so he can achieve what he wants, namely union.
  • 00:27:09
    As in several books, Abhimanyu also does the same thing.
  • 00:27:13
    But remember, Arjuna and Abhimanyu are just personas.
  • 00:27:16
    Just a picture, not a historical figure.
  • 00:27:18
    The clearest examples of historical figures are Airlangga,
  • 00:27:21
    Vishnu Wardhana, Rakai Pikatan, those are Wanaprastha.
  • 00:27:26
    He went to quiet places to perform rituals,
  • 00:27:30
    then exercised extraordinary restraint.
  • 00:27:32
    Well, the most interesting thing is, in Arabic, fasting is shiyam.
  • 00:27:37
    It also means the same, holding back, similar, right? The meaning is similar.
  • 00:27:42
    And what's interesting is that in the Catholic religion, there is also fasting for 40 days.
  • 00:27:46
    If in Islam there are 30 days, this is 40 days. That's called abstinence fasting.
  • 00:27:51
    I once asked a parish priest there
  • 00:27:57
    about how Catholics fast.
  • 00:28:00
    The answer is, eat very full.
  • 00:28:03
    "Wow, it's really delicious to eat so full!"
  • 00:28:06
    Then I was flicked.
  • 00:28:07
    What this means is that you eat your fill, once! Eat full only once!
  • 00:28:15
    Wow, yeah that's heavy.
  • 00:28:17
    Selviya: That's what among fitness lovers, it's called OMAD. One meal a day.
  • 00:28:23
    Part of intermittent fasting.
  • 00:28:24
    ASISI: Have to be full?
  • 00:28:26
    Selviya: Yes, because they only eat once.
  • 00:28:28
    ASISI: But you can choose the time, right? Selviya: You can choose.
  • 00:28:30
    ASISI: It's hard too, even though it's like that.
  • 00:28:32
    But what's more difficult, in the Catholic religion, according to Father, is that
  • 00:28:38
    it is said like this, Baratha Yuda, he said,
  • 00:28:42
    Baratha Yuda is not from eating, but from abstaining from it.
  • 00:28:46
    Abstinence means something like this, what are you passionate about?
  • 00:28:49
    What do you like? For example gadgets.
  • 00:28:51
    For 40 days you are not allowed to play with gadgets.
  • 00:28:53
    Like TikTok, what do you like? Uninstall first for 40 days.
  • 00:28:57
    If you like smoking, you should abstain from smoking for 40 days during fasting.
  • 00:29:01
    You are prohibited from smoking for 40 days. At all.
  • 00:29:06
    Baratha Yudanya there. So it's not a problem of hunger.
  • 00:29:11
    That's why many people think when they start fasting
  • 00:29:14
    that they will be hungry, how will they break their fast?
  • 00:29:18
    Then if other people eat, offended for mercy,
  • 00:29:21
    that is still a very low level.
  • 00:29:22
    According to Majapahit, actually Baratha Yuda or true warfare
  • 00:29:27
    is more about the mouth, how to guard the mouth and guard the mind.
  • 00:29:31
    Selviya: And action too. Trikaya that we discussed earlier.
  • 00:29:35
    OK, back to Nirarthaprakerta. What does it actually do?
  • 00:29:37
    Performing rituals, arranging Trikaya, attaining Sunya.
  • 00:29:45
    Then, after reaching Sunya,
  • 00:29:46
    union with the Gods or with the figure of God
  • 00:29:49
    in the ancient Javanese universe, what comes next?
  • 00:29:53
    ASISI: What happened? After merging, do you want to become a God?
  • 00:29:59
    Selviya: Yes, it means being one with God while living. So?
  • 00:30:04
    ASISI: Well, that's interesting. In Nirarthaprakerta, it is explained that
  • 00:30:07
    when someone has become one with the Gods or God,
  • 00:30:12
    who changes, the person still remains the same.
  • 00:30:14
    When we are united, the king remains the same, he rules,
  • 00:30:19
    the farmer remains the same, he hoes, the same. Nothing has changed.
  • 00:30:22
    But what changed was the orientation.
  • 00:30:24
    People, in general all of us, have orientations.
  • 00:30:30
    Orientation to self, to me, whoever he is.
  • 00:30:34
    That's why, in marketing, it is said that
  • 00:30:35
    every human being has the same tendencies.
  • 00:30:37
    What's that? Loves pleasure, fears misery.
  • 00:30:41
    That's why various promos are created just for that.
  • 00:30:44
    Even if I may have an opinion,
  • 00:30:45
    Today's religions, religions are built using these two things.
  • 00:30:49
    Scare with hell and promise heaven with pleasure.
  • 00:30:53
    So that's just the toy.
  • 00:30:55
    The toy is that humans love pleasure
  • 00:30:57
    and fear misery.
  • 00:30:59
    So, pay attention to yourself, to yourself. Everything about me. About himself.
  • 00:31:03
    He has children, he likes children. It's all about him.
  • 00:31:08
    But when someone has become one with Sang Hyang Parama Shiva,
  • 00:31:12
    suddenly his orientation changes.
  • 00:31:15
    To whom? To someone else.
  • 00:31:15
    Himself, his confession disappeared completely to the lowest level. Zero.
  • 00:31:20
    So it's really orientated towards other people.
  • 00:31:22
    So, there are a lot of qualities in Nirarthaprakerta.
  • 00:31:27
    But if it's explained too long.
  • 00:31:28
    I'll just summarize it there, pointing to three things. Before and after.
  • 00:31:33
    The previous example was the Majapahit people who were not yet enlightened.
  • 00:31:37
    Unenlightened Majapahit people
  • 00:31:39
    tend to underestimate the actions of others.
  • 00:31:42
    Other people's mistakes are exaggerated.
  • 00:31:44
    But the error itself was covered up. Even if it's small.
  • 00:31:49
    If other people exaggerate.
  • 00:31:51
    But even if you are big, you cover it up. Praise yourself.
  • 00:31:54
    If I do this, if I do that. That's one.
  • 00:31:57
    Second, it is very common. What's that?
  • 00:32:00
    If other people get pleasure or happiness, he feels hurt.
  • 00:32:04
    But if other people suffer, he is happy.
  • 00:32:07
    This is when when I was little, my neighbors,
  • 00:32:12
    or my parents or siblings,
  • 00:32:14
    always used Javanese to tell stories,
  • 00:32:16
    "If the neighbor is miserable, it's no joke.
  • 00:32:19
    If the neighbor is happy, it feels hurt."
  • 00:32:22
    Stories like that are common. That's the second one.
  • 00:32:27
    Third, always unable to exercise self-control. Satisfy desires.
  • 00:32:32
    Basically it can't be controlled. Anyway, whatever he wants.
  • 00:32:36
    Especially like this, if previously controlled
  • 00:32:39
    for example due to economic limitations, suddenly you become OKB (new rich).
  • 00:32:41
    Well, that's usually control. Selviya agrees, right?
  • 00:32:45
    Usually controlling it is difficult.
  • 00:32:47
    Including what I'm confused about, the corruptors are mostly rich people. The salary is big.
  • 00:32:53
    But it's still corruption, there's something wrong with their minds.
  • 00:32:58
    Selviya: There was once talk of increasing officials' salaries, increasing salaries.
  • 00:33:02
    It is said to prevent corruption.
  • 00:33:07
    In my opinion, if people can become corrupt, they can become corrupt,
  • 00:33:10
    that means they don't feel mentally good enough.
  • 00:33:14
    ASISI: Right.
  • 00:33:15
    Selviya: If people have enough, even if their salary is ordinary,
  • 00:33:17
    there will be no corruption.
  • 00:33:19
    But when people feel inadequate,
  • 00:33:21
    they will forever feel inadequate.
  • 00:33:24
    Whether his salary is normal or increased many times,
  • 00:33:28
    it will never be enough for him. There are no limits.
  • 00:33:31
    As Mas Asisi said earlier,
  • 00:33:32
    he cannot control his desires and passions.
  • 00:33:35
    ASISI: If a person is like that,
  • 00:33:36
    it means that in his life it is impossible for him to choose to move towards awareness,
  • 00:33:41
    separation or silence or Sunya, of course it is impossible.
  • 00:33:44
    Especially modern people.
  • 00:33:45
    This means that his corrupt nature
  • 00:33:48
    and his personal characteristics are already fused,
  • 00:33:51
    if according to Prapanca they are fused, there are only two choices.
  • 00:33:54
    One must be removed.
  • 00:33:56
    If you want to eliminate this corrupt nature,
  • 00:33:58
    it means that awareness must be eliminated. It means killed.
  • 00:34:01
    This means that corruptors are sentenced to death.
  • 00:34:05
    Selviya: That is the reason in Majapahit, corruptors are sentenced to death.
  • 00:34:09
    There is no other door, either fines or rehabilitation. There isn't any. Sentenced to death.
  • 00:34:17
    Maybe if you have reached that stage,
  • 00:34:18
    it will be considered that you are no longer conscious.
  • 00:34:21
    ASISI: Unconscious, that's it. It's no longer worth living.
  • 00:34:24
    Sentenced to death. Or their property is taken over by the state, impoverishment.
  • 00:34:29
    Selviya: Even his family too. ASISI: Yes, in Majapahit.
  • 00:34:33
    Selviya: So the person was sentenced to death,
  • 00:34:33
    his family was also punished, made into slaves.
  • 00:34:36
    And his property was taken over by the state.
  • 00:34:40
    ASISI: The assets are not for the enjoyment of the state,
  • 00:34:42
    but are used for state operations.
  • 00:34:43
    Returned again basically.
  • 00:34:47
    Selviya: Because what was stolen was actually state money.
  • 00:34:48
    ASISI: So that means the cure for corruption is the death penalty.
  • 00:34:52
    Law enforcement. Once again, the corruptor was sentenced to death. Must.
  • 00:34:57
    So, we return to Nirarthaprakerta. Those are three characteristics.
  • 00:35:00
    So the person's orientation is towards the main self. Everything to yourself.
  • 00:35:04
    So, when a person is enlightened, united with Sang Hyang Parama Sunya,
  • 00:35:08
    his orientation is towards other people.
  • 00:35:10
    So it is explained in Nirathaprakerta
  • 00:35:13
    that people who are enlightened also have three prominent characteristics.
  • 00:35:17
    First of all, he was anxious about helping other people.
  • 00:35:20
    Always thinking about how to help other people.
  • 00:35:22
    Even at the country level.
  • 00:35:24
    Up to the state level, how to contribute to the state
  • 00:35:27
    to reassure society and so on.
  • 00:35:29
    That's if the Prapanca concept is like that.
  • 00:35:32
    Selviya: This means that according to Prapanca,
  • 00:35:33
    thinking about the country is not a waste of time.
  • 00:35:35
    ASISI: No. That's why enlightened kings,
  • 00:35:40
    for example those who said there were no kings after or before him,
  • 00:35:44
    namely Kertanegara, immediately launched the concept of unifying the archipelago.
  • 00:35:47
    Unification of the archipelago so he can protect these people,
  • 00:35:50
    provide happiness, and so on.
  • 00:35:51
    It is part of the highest chakrawartin. That's part of his religious duties.
  • 00:35:56
    To improve the welfare of others. Not part of the law.
  • 00:36:00
    That's something he believes in.
  • 00:36:02
    Selviya: Regarding Kertanegara, we have discussed it specifically, Mas Asisi,
  • 00:36:06
    you can check it later in the link above or in the description. Carry on!
  • 00:36:12
    ASISI: Then, the second characteristic of an enlightened person
  • 00:36:16
    is that helping others is complete. Completely.
  • 00:36:19
    When you're done helping, then help again. Once you're done helping, then help again.
  • 00:36:24
    Basically the orientation is to help other people.
  • 00:36:27
    Continue the third. There is an interesting quote from Nirarthaprakerta:
  • 00:36:30
    Sangsiptan taya len sudharma wekasing hinuttama dhana,
  • 00:36:34
    meaning "there is no wealth that exceeds virtue"
  • 00:36:37
    Including children, and partners,
  • 00:36:39
    and family, all of that will part with us.
  • 00:36:42
    Except for virtue which will guide the way.
  • 00:36:44
    People like this, for example they are rich. That was the opposite.
  • 00:36:48
    Corruption and so on for oneself. For example, this is rich. Can you get rich? Can.
  • 00:36:52
    But not his own wish. Suppose he helps other people.
  • 00:36:55
    It just so happened that someone else gave it to him. He did help.
  • 00:36:59
    The focus really helps.
  • 00:37:00
    If by chance he is invited, for example asked to teach,
  • 00:37:05
    then gets appreciation, that is part of the community's appreciation.
  • 00:37:09
    Prapanca said that was not his wish.
  • 00:37:13
    Even though he can conquer the world. Not his own wish.
  • 00:37:16
    Lastly, I remembered the concept of a guardian
  • 00:37:18
    that my parents used to tell me about.
  • 00:37:21
    My grandfather used to tell me, I sat next to him when he was in Jombang.
  • 00:37:23
    He was a public figure at that time.
  • 00:37:26
    The guardian is invisible to the public.
  • 00:37:28
    What this means is that guardians are ordinary people.
  • 00:37:30
    They farm, sell sugar cane, sell siwalan, become traders.
  • 00:37:36
    Just normal, normal like ordinary people. But always help others.
  • 00:37:42
    And at work it's just fine. But his sustenance never stopped.
  • 00:37:47
    Those were my grandfather's words.
  • 00:37:50
    So the guardian is not what is depicted in the films.
  • 00:37:54
    Wearing a turban, then wearing prayer beads, has supernatural powers. Not like that.
  • 00:38:00
    That's the guardian in the movie. Moreover, he said the number was nine.
  • 00:38:03
    Once the number is nine, it is then filmed.
  • 00:38:04
    After being filmed it was given such an accessory.
  • 00:38:07
    Selviya: With supernatural powers.
  • 00:38:09
    ASISI: We finally have a picture of such a guardian.
  • 00:38:11
    In fact, if I asked old people,
  • 00:38:13
    my grandfather used to tell me it wasn't like that. The guardian is not even visible.
  • 00:38:16
    Selviya: It doesn't appear that he is a guardian.
  • 00:38:19
    ASISI: It doesn't appear that he is a guardian, like ordinary people.
  • 00:38:21
    But the characteristics are if the help is complete. Always help others.
  • 00:38:26
    Every time there was a problem, he was there.
  • 00:38:28
    Selviya: Most of them are ordinary religious figures like that, yes.
  • 00:38:33
    In Christianity there is also this. Servants of God who live simply.
  • 00:38:37
    In Catholicism there are also nuns, monks who live simply.
  • 00:38:43
    Even a vow of poverty.
  • 00:38:46
    But they continued to help, continued to help people.
  • 00:38:48
    ASISI: In Majapahit, that's the concept.
  • 00:38:49
    So it is true that the dream of every Majapahit person who is spiritual
  • 00:38:55
    is to unite with Sang Hyang Parama Shiva through the door of Sunya.
  • 00:38:58
    So they don't dream of moksha, that's wrong.
  • 00:39:00
    But it was Sunya who dreamed. Sunya, once again Sunya.
  • 00:39:03
    Selviya: Even if we have discussed it, Mas Asisi,
  • 00:39:06
    there are indeed traditional relics from the Majapahit period
  • 00:39:10
    that were still preserved until later times,
  • 00:39:14
    namely the sultanate or Islamic kingdom. That's right, right?
  • 00:39:18
    We've already discussed this, above, just check the link.
  • 00:39:23
    ASISI: Well, what's unique is that this union has an effect on everyday life,
  • 00:39:28
    when they are oriented towards helping other people and so on.
  • 00:39:31
    So in the end it turned into a social religion.
  • 00:39:33
    And religion is actually a way of life. Religion is not just about rituals.
  • 00:39:38
    But how you live your life,
  • 00:39:40
    how you treat people.
  • 00:39:43
    Even if you are still acting on the basis of ritual or sharia,
  • 00:39:48
    for example if you hurt other people, that is also not allowed.
  • 00:39:50
    Selviya: Right, right.
  • 00:39:51
    It seems that all religions are the same in this matter.
  • 00:39:55
    In that sense, perhaps there are
  • 00:39:57
    fundamental and big differences.
  • 00:39:59
    But most religions all teach goodness.
  • 00:40:03
    How to do good, help people, that is in all religions.
  • 00:40:07
    And how to curb desires, curb lust,
  • 00:40:12
    abstinence as we discussed earlier, Trikaya, that also exists in all religions.
  • 00:40:17
    That's the beauty of life.
  • 00:40:18
    Even though religions are different, there are similarities.
  • 00:40:23
    Like us who live in the present,
  • 00:40:25
    our religion is also not the religion that the Ancient Javanese adhered to,
  • 00:40:29
    but we can see its relevance. ASISI: Right.
  • 00:40:32
    Selviya: From what Mas Asisi said earlier in Nirarthaprakerta,
  • 00:40:36
    with what we are experiencing now, it has a lot of relevance. That's very interesting.
  • 00:40:41
    ASISI: From me, the conclusion is actually closing the opening from Selviya.
  • 00:40:46
    Don't believe people who say
  • 00:40:48
    that the Majapahit people worshiped statues,
  • 00:40:49
    our ancestors worshiped trees and stones, this is not the case.
  • 00:40:53
    Even the Majapahit people were familiar with this concept,
  • 00:40:57
    that there was something beyond everything,
  • 00:40:59
    which was called in all names.
  • 00:41:01
    It's up to you to call it whatever name you want,
  • 00:41:03
    but the substance remains the same, yes, it's the same thing.
  • 00:41:05
    Selviya: Supreme Godhead?
  • 00:41:08
    What is capitayan, Mas Asisi, which is claimed to be the religion of the Majapahit era,
  • 00:41:13
    and even existed long before in prehistoric times.
  • 00:41:18
    ASISI: We'll discuss it later, okay? Be patient about the capitayan.
  • 00:41:27
    Selviya: If you want to discuss it, leave a comment below,
  • 00:41:31
    so that later if there are lots of requests, we can fulfill them.
  • 00:41:36
    ASISI: But it's definitely different, right?
  • 00:41:39
    ASISI: So that's why when the Majapahit era came to an end, then Islam came,
  • 00:41:44
    the transition was smooth among the highland circles. Why?
  • 00:41:48
    Because these people in the highlands, who are in fact ascetic and so on,
  • 00:41:52
    have already reached that stage.
  • 00:41:53
    There is no longer any difference, but whatever
  • 00:41:56
    God you call by whatever name, it is the same.
  • 00:42:01
    It's just that the name is boxed with its own concept
  • 00:42:06
    related to the culture it brings.
  • 00:42:07
    Culture compartmentalizes,
  • 00:42:09
    tries to compartmentalize or ensnare unlimited concepts,
  • 00:42:13
    tries to limit them with concepts. I think it's like that.
  • 00:42:16
    So life in Majapahit is still relevant to this day.
  • 00:42:19
    It's still relevant if we pull it out. So proud, right?
  • 00:42:23
    Selviya: Proud. And this further emphasizes
  • 00:42:26
    that differences should not hinder us.
  • 00:42:29
    Religious differences should not prevent us
  • 00:42:33
    from learning from our ancestors.
  • 00:42:35
    Because maybe we have more in common than we think.
  • 00:42:41
    ASISI: So, keep studying history so you don't forget
  • 00:42:46
    AISI & Selviya: our identity.
Tags
  • Majapahit
  • spiritualitas
  • monoteisme
  • Sang Hyang Parama Shiva
  • Nirarthaprakerta
  • Prapanca
  • ritual
  • sejarah
  • agama
  • budaya