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take revision with Mrs swanny poo
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hi year 11 this is the second video
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um to help you with the multiple choice
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and short answer questions for your year
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11 mock
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so in this video we're going to be
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covering
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um some different types of kind of
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scales of manufacturing
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and the main ones that we're going to be
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having a really quick look at are things
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that you maybe haven't heard of before
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we've done just in time before that's
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come up I think in a previous exam
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um we will go through that very very
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quickly some of you will know that from
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business
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um but the two that we're gonna have a
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look at in a bit more detail are these
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two so flexible manufacturing systems
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and lean manufacturing remember again
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that this is going to be a multiple
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choice question so you don't need to
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know too much detail
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um hopefully by watching this video
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you'll be able to work out
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which one is the right answer when you
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come to the mock
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so we are going to have a quick look at
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this first
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um term called flexible manufacturing
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systems these are Manufacturing Systems
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that can be easily adapted
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and changed okay so if you're making any
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notes you might want to make a note of
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that they can be changed and easily
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adapted to make different products to
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make different shaped products to make
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different colors to make whatever okay
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so sometimes Manufacturing Systems are
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designed to make one thing and they make
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that thing all day long all night long
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in mass production or
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automated kind of production and it
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might be that they make
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the lids on print sticks and that's all
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they make okay now flexible
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manufacturing systems can make a wide
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range of different products and they can
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also easily respond to changes in
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um what the user wants so for example
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the user might suddenly want green
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t-shirts when before everyone wanted red
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a flexible manufacturing system would be
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able to respond to that and change
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quickly Okay so
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some of these pieces of equipment here
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at the top so this one this one and this
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one are all are all good examples of FMS
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flexible manufacturing systems okay and
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the reason they are they are all you may
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want to make a note of this they are all
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automated
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so they are using computer aided
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manufacturer
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um they can all be programmed
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quite easily
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and then it can also do a large variety
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of different things so for example this
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one here which is the laser cutter
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it can cut a wide oh gosh what's going
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on with my pen it can it can cut a wide
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range of different materials it doesn't
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have to just cut wood or acrylic or
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whatever you can put a wide range of
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different materials in there and
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depending on the design that you put in
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it can be easily changed so in school
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we've got one it's a very flexible
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manufacturing system because I might
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have 10 different students in one day
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come up to me and ask me to make 10
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different things and that piece of
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Machinery can do that it is flexible
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same with a 3D printer if you want to
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change what you are making on a 3D
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printer you just change the file
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okay it's really really oh it's really
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really easy to do all right I'm going to
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stop writing because this is definitely
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not working
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so you can easily change the file change
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the
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um you know what it's printing you can
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even change the filament to a different
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color if you wanted to print something
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different so this is let's try one more
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time 3D
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printer
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oh dear
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this last one here is called a CNC
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router
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you're gonna have to take my word for it
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because that writing is horrendous
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um and again we've got one of these in
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the workshop and depending on how you
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program it it can easily change easily
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adapt and cut out a wide range of
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different things
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so these pieces of equipment can be
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easily changed
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and can adapt to change really really
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quickly in contrast to something like
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this down here
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ooh this is a injection molding machine
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and we've spoken about this in lessons
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this is very difficult to change what it
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is manufacturing it takes time to change
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because you have to change the mold each
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time and the mold can be a really big
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piece of stainless steel very very heavy
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they cost a lot of money to make so you
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would have to invest in a lot of
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different molds if you wanted to make a
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lot of different products which gets
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very expensive
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so you can see that an injection molding
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machine like the one on the bottom there
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is not flexible it's not easy to quickly
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change what you are Manufacturing in
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contrast to
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those pieces of Machinery at the top
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which can really quickly change
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okay I hope that makes sense
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right
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okay the next thing we are going to talk
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about is called lean manufacturing and
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this is actually a Japanese
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uh kind of manufacturing technique and
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the idea of this is you might want to be
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writing this down is to minimize costs
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and maximize efficiency
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so they look at all different areas of
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the manufacturing process and they think
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about how they can make it as lean as
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streamlined as efficient as possible
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so there's lots of different things that
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they can look at and Toyota Japanese car
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manufacturer use lean manufacturing a
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lot and what they do is they look at
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lots of different ways that things are
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wasted in the manufacturing process so
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it could be that there is unnecessary
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transportation that could be
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Transportation around the factory that
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could be transportation of Parts across
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the country can they manufacture those
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in-house
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so they might look at can they
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streamline or slim down the amount of
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transportation that is going on in their
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production line
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they also want to make sure that they
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are not over producing
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um products so making sure that they're
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not making too many products that are
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not going to sell wasting materials
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wasting uh time because what might
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happen is those may may not be wanted by
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the customer and that is not going to be
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efficient
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they also
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would look at unnecessary motion so a
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really good example of this is that on
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there
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um assembly line when they're making
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their cars they make sure that all of
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the tools and equipment that they need
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are as close by as possible so they
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don't have to walk halfway across the
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factories to grab a certain component or
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a certain tool everything is within
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Arm's Reach which speeds up the
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manufacturing process so it's cuts down
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on any unnecessary moving around or
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walking around by the workers to make
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sure that things are made as quickly as
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possible and as efficiently as possible
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um they try and make sure that they
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don't have any excess inventory so this
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links quite nicely to just in time
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production which tries to make that you
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uh tries to ensure that you don't have
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any excess materials when something is
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ordered it's made and it goes out
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straight away so you don't have to store
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it okay
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another thing that they try and cut down
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on is any idle time or waiting around so
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you don't want people in your production
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line to be stood there just waiting
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having a cup of tea waiting for the car
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to move down the assembly line can you
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make sure that they are doing something
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else or that things can be done at the
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same time so that no one is waiting or
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wasting any time
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um you can look at over processing
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similar to overproduction
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so thinking about
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um not using too many uh materials not
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again wasting those very similar to
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overproduction
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you try and reduce the amount of defects
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and the amount of mistakes that are made
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during the manufacture of the process
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so by making sure that everything is
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really clear everything is really well
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labeled the workers know exactly what
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they are doing reducing the defects is
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going to reduce costs and any kind of
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waste materials
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and this one's really interesting it uh
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actually in lean manufacturing they they
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really try and make sure that they are
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getting the workers
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um opinions
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um on how they can improve the
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manufacturing process so they might say
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oh I could do this rather than this and
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they welcome that feedback and they use
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that to help improve the manufacturing
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process so they're making sure they've
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got the right people in the right place
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okay so lean manufacturing is trying to
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make it as streamlined minimized costs
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and maximize efficiency by Saving on all
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of these different things
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okay and last but not least really
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really quickly because
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um just in time
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does link quite nicely with Lean
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Manufacturing so just in time the idea
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that you are only making a product when
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it's been ordered by the customer so the
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customer would place an order then you
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would order materials and components
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that you needed it would be manufactured
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and then sent out straight away to the
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customer
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so you are reducing the amount of
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materials that you need to store you're
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stopping any of your products having to
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go into storage like into a warehousing
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which would obviously cost a lot
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of lighting security heating blah blah
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blah
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um also it means that you don't have
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loads of money tied up in materials that
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aren't being used so lean manufacturing
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kind of has a similar kind of viewpoint
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with just in time they're quite often
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used together
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so just really really quickly some
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advantages of just in time it reduces
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the amount of space needed for storage
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you don't need massive warehouses it
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means that you have less money tied up
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uh meaning that you've got more money to
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spend in other parts of the business and
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invest in other parts of the business
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but some disadvantages are you need to
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make sure that things are delivered on
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time because if you don't have your
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materials delivered at time uh on time
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it's going to mean that the customer has
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to wait
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um and
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I'm currently waiting for the machinery
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for our new room and I'm very grumpy
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about that so sometimes that can lose
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your customers
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um and
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um you need to make sure that your
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products are made to a high standard
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being fault free
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um because you know if you wait that
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amount of time for a product to come you
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want it to be of high quality so
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advances just in time uh tie really
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nicely with lean manufacturing it's all
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about reducing cost and maximizing
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efficiency okay hope that was useful
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again it's only for the that short
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little multiple choice
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as long as you're happy with those
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Concepts you should be fine
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later
