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[Music]
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Hello everyone and welcome to another class in Portuguese with Professor Sofia Pedro, let's
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continue the study of Fernando Pessoa's message and let's move on to the analysis of the
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third part of the covert so that we can start this analysis and not become too much extensive we will
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divide it into three parts and we will move on to the analysis of the first part, that is, the
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symbols, the third part of the message that Fernando Pessoa calls the hidden one was mostly written
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after 1928, as we had already seen in the first part of the message that is,
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in the coat of arms too. In this part, Fernando Pessoa will make a division, it will not be the same division that
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he already made in the coat of arms, it will be a tripartite division. Which is curious since this is the third
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part of the message, which will be divided into three parts the first part will be called the
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symbols and will have five poems, the second part will be called the warnings and has three poems
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and the third part is called the times and also has, like the first part, five poems and
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although everyone agrees that the message does not is already a book of poems easy to interpret,
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the third part of the covert will be one of the three and in my opinion the most complex and the most
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esoteric of the message, we will find here what is considered the hermetic Fernando Pessoa, a
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more hermetic language, much more esoteric and as we had previously seen the The reasons
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that led Fernando Pessoa to divide the message into three parts will have to do with the cycle of
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life, birth, growth and then death, since we are talking about the hidden. Let us
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now move on to this last part of what the cycle is of life and in this case the death of
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an empire but also what will be its resurrection and we cannot talk about the
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third part of the message without referring to the Sebastianist myth since this third
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part entitled the hidden Fernando Pessoa seems to warn us of that we will talk about mystery
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and we cannot forget that Dom Sebastião, before he was born, was what was desired and after his
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death he was what was expected and this entire third part will revolve around prophecies Prophecies of
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hope Prophecies of a Messiah who will come to save Portugal and then go back to making it
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a great empire, not the material empire that we had previously been, but the
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spiritual empire, so we are going to move from the body now to the soul and whoever is this covered one, this covered one, will
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then be the Emperor of this fifth Empire, he will emerge after a initiatory death and will bring with it
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this light from the ethereal that will reveal the Holy Grail that will dissipate the novoe and that is the creative force
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of the Nations, just like the other two parts, the third part of the message also has a Latin epigraph
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Pax in excelsis this epigraph Latin translates as peace in the heights or supreme peace, which
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ends up being in the context of this part and also of the message itself, a message of
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peace and fraternity, it's almost like an appeal that Fernando Pessoa makes, an appeal to Fraternity, an
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appeal to peace to spirituality to the most part of the soul and not of the body, now the totality of poems
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in this part, therefore five in the first part, three in the second and another five in the third, is equivalent to
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13 and even before we move on to the warnings and the times we have to start with the first
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part which will be the symbols and we have to consider then that Fernando Pessoa
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In this part of the cover, he will not speak exactly about the death of a nation but
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rather about its resurrection. We have something that will be reborn. Not exactly the same as what it
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was before, but in a different way, since at this moment it is not We are interested in
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the material empire, the physical empire, but a more spiritual empire, so the conclusion
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we will reach is that death is just a transitory state, it is not something that is final, it is
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a process of resurrection of the dead body to transform it into something different and better
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And what is the first symbol that Fernando Pessoa will choose to begin precisely the part
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dedicated
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to symbols and obviously it would have to be Dom Sebastião .
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God grants his people for the interval in which the soul is immersed in dreams
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who are God who matters the sand and Death and misadventure if with God I kept myself that is what I
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dreamed of myself that eternal lasts that is what I will return to this is the starting point for the hidden is the
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dead body of Portugal and we have to remember that this figure had already appeared in the first part
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of the message in the coat of arms, namely in the subpart of the corners with the title Dom Sebastião King
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of Portugal, here we no longer have the figure As King of Portugal but simply As Dom Sebastião
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as a myth, the figure carnal the physical figure is practically dissolving and transforming into the
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myth that it is what matters here for Fernando Pessoa is this essence of the myth
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is not the physical flesh This is left behind but what symbolizes the image the idea to figure
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of Dom Sebastião And so what does this symbol mean since it is here at the beginning of
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this part of the cover, it is the founding myth of the New Portugal of the New Empire and we then return
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to having the figure speaking in the first person and in this first stanza What is Dom Sebastião
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asking for? Dom Sebastião asks for time now according to the narratives of the Battle of alcer kibir moments
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before Dom Sebastião died in the sands of Morocco he would have preferred the following words
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to die yes but slowly and could then be the reference to this wait now for a person
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death is not the goal is not the end, it is just a state of transition between two moments, hence this
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adverse time to which the poetic subject refers is precisely this transitional state and in the second
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stanza we confirm that this idea of death for those who believe in the immortality of the soul does not will have
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meaning since what matters is the soul is the essence and this does not die this remains Always
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Alive whoever keeps this Essence will then be God and we cannot think that it is the figure of the king who
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will remain who will remain but the essence of his acts of his courage the echo of what he
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dreamed of and that he tried to achieve his strength, his will and above all his myth and his
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dream and that is why precisely in this stanza Dom Sebastião states what I dreamed of is that eternal
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lasts and the first symbol We move on to the second, or the fifth empire, and I'm going to start reading the
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poem, what a sad empire of those who live their home at home without a dream of raising their wings making them even
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more Red to the Embers of the fireplace abandoning the sad lives of those who are happy because life is hard, nothing in the soul
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tells you more than the lesson of the root, having the Grave as life, ages upon ages disappear in time,
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who you were comes to be discontented, is to be a man whose blind forces are tamed by the vision that the soul has and
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so After the four times of the being who dreamed, the earth will be the theater of the clear day that in the depths of the
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herme night began Greece Rome Christianity Europe the four go where the whole age goes whoever
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comes to live the truth that Dom Sebastião died following the myth of Dom Sebastião Fernando
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Pessoa will then choose the myth of the fifth empire and we will see that Fernando will build this
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poem with five stanzas, with each stanza having five verses and we will also realize that the
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number five here will symbolize this idea of perfection and we cannot forget that it is also
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the fifth Empire, so here we have the fifth Empire with a poem with five stanzas and each
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stanza has five verses, that is, they are quintillas, this myth of the fifth Empire is not new, it
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is already old, the first time it appeared to mention it was in a biblical reference and it is precisely in this
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biblical reference that the prophet Daniel reports a dream of Nabuco, the king of Babylon, and in that
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dream the monarch saw four empires and a fifth Empire that would always be eternal since it
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was not material but spiritual Fernando Pessoa not only if based on the thunder of bandarra but
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also on what we give in Camões and Father António Vieira considered that this fifth Empire was
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the Portuguese empire, he defended this fifth Portuguese empire not as a material empire but as a
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spiritual empire and it is then that Fernando Pessoa in the first stanza will start by ironizing
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ironizing what to ironize all those who allow themselves to stay at home and who are otherwise satisfied
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with what they have all those who think that this dream of the fifth Empire is madness and that
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the happiness that they have is not worth fighting for They consider happiness for Fernando Pessoa,
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it may even be happiness but it will not be true happiness and whoever is content with little is a
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simple soul and instead of living it just survives, however, on the contrary, whoever has a dream has something
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that will make it fly, or it is a dream so big that not even the fireplace of a
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safe, comfortable, quiet house can stop it from leaving and taking risks, obviously, the more you get, the
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greater the reward can also be, and that's why people dream, that's why people
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take risks, and in the second stanza it will once again reinforce what I already said in the first
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sad stanza about whoever is happy lives because the hard life and These are people who don't know
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there is more in life than this happiness to have for life in the Grave is something that Fernando Pessoa
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despises and already in the poem related to Dom Sebastião that we also find in the first part of the
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message in the coat of arms and in the subpart of the corners we already had this idea that the A man without a
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dream is nothing but a deferred corpse that he creates and here we come again to have
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the same idea reformulated in another way and also in a poem dedicated to Dom Sebastião, but Dom
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Sebastião is already completely or almost completely considered a myth. since the dream the dream is
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what matters, the action doesn't matter, the intention matters, and in this case the intention of going further,
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of getting out of that complacency that binds us to normality and that prevents us from becoming
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much greater than what is ours mortal body, in the third stanza, we then see
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that time is cyclical, it comes in eras, it is made up of generations that pass and with each generation that passes, with
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each era that passes, man continues to be dissatisfied, but a new time is foreseen, coming to
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a new order there is a vision that the soul has and that shows us that something greater will emerge in our
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future and here in the fourth stanza that Fernando Pessoa will then indicate the four times, that
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is, the four empires that have already passed and that he will leave the reference to the emergence of this fifth
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Empire of this New Empire that will emerge from the night to illuminate the world with its spiritual light and
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knowledge and in the fifth stanza we then have confirmation of which are the four empires that
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have already passed according to Fernando Pessoa and we then know that Greece, Rome and Christianity and
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Europe and the Fifth Empire only will fulfill on the spiritual plane and it is precisely at the end of this fifth
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stanza, therefore at the end of the poem, that Fernando Pessoa issues a challenge to the reader who comes to live the
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truth that Dom Sebastião Pessoa then urges the appearance of this grand Empire of a
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final empire of an empire of fraternity of an empire of peace and that will remain forever
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this rhetorical question then challenges the interlocutor to reflect on this figure
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of Dom Sebastião and think a little about his example, think about his example, courage, his
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example of strength, in his myth and through this belief that this King lives in this example
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of his dream is that someday this fifth spiritual Empire can come to fruition, so
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this new time will depend on the return of this mythical Dom Sebastião, this
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spiritual Dom Sebastião and we will continue with the figure of Don Sebastião in this third poem of
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symbols, that is, the desired one and I will start reading the third poem, the desired one, wherever between
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shadows and sayings, jaas remote, feel dreamy and rise from the depths of not being for your new
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fado, come Gá with Pátria raise again, but already at the height of the supreme test, the penitent soul of your people
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to the Eucharist, new master of Peace, raise your anointed sword exc libro of the end in such a way that its light
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to the Divided World reveals the holy degree and we could think that this third reference to King Dom
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Sebastião would be a repetition of what had already been said before, but let's not notice
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that there is a change here, the king is progressively becoming more and more symbolic and
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less physical, we have a king who is completely losing his appearance human and becoming
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a pure and absolute symbol This is the third poem in which Fernando Pessoa speaks directly
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about Dom Sebastião, the first, as I had already said previously, happens in the first part of the
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message on the coat of arms in the subpart of the corners where the poem is entitled Dom Sebastião King of Portugal
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we will find there a King Dom Sebastião still a man despite being crazy but still a man already here in
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third part in the part of symbols We then find the poem Dom Sebastião in which the king is no longer
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flesh and blood, he is already dissolving into what is his myth and now we have the desired one in which the king
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completely loses his physical characteristic in which it doesn't even have a name and it's practically almost
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a perfect myth and that's how we find Dom Sebastião in the first stanza almost like
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a memory that walks between shadows and sayings he's just a rumor he's passed from person
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to person he's just spoken he is such a memory and which, like all memories, does not die and
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it is enough for us to dream it for it to become Reality Again Bringing us back to us and this is what
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myth is. Myth is something that does not exist but we just need to talk about it for it to become reality to be something
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concrete, rise from the depths of not being, here we have another exhortation, there is now a new mission and
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this new mission will fit the myth, a new fado, initially when Dom Sebastião was flesh and
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blood, his fado was different at this moment as a myth, let's go have a different fado and in this case
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it will then be bringing life back to the dead body of Portugal so that it can then be considered the
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fifth Empire in the world, we have in the second stanza a reference to a figure that appears a lot in
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Arthurian legends and which is precisely the myth of Galas or in English sir galahad pray and who
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was galaj according to legend galaj was the son of Lancelot and one of the knights of the Round Table
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was Noble, he was an individual of great purity and together with two other companions he managed to
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find the holy grail and then he was taken to the sky is like that Fernando Pessoa will then compare Dom
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Sebasti in nobility and character with galaaz and compares how saying that he is a galaaz with Patria since
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the knights of Estáva Redonda did not have a Patria but were only linked to this Estáva
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Redonda and what are you going to ask of him
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? the
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mission was to find the holy gral it was a war peace mission this culmination of the supreme test will
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then be this crucial moment in history in the third stanza we find here the reference to master and
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already in the poem Dom João the first in the castles in the first part of the coat of arms message we also had
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the reference to master and this word is a very templar reference in this case it is the master
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of Peace and this reference will be quite Rosa cruciana the idea of master plus the idea of peace
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together give precisely this very hermetic and very esoteric idea since the Rosicrucians
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also considered that their mission would be this idea of universal peace of brotherhood in the
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world, which is then Rosicrucianism or Rosa Cruz, a philosophical movement that became popular in
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Europe at the beginning of the 10th century after the publication of several texts that spoke in the existence of
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an esoteric order that until then was unknown to the world, Rosa Cruz comes from the legendary character
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Christian Rosen Krautz and who is said to have been the initiator of precisely this order, the order
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of Rosa Cruz is an international organization of a mystical and philosophical character that has as
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mission the spirit of fraternity always respecting individual freedom was also
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intended to assist the spiritual evolution of humanity, this is how Dom Sebastião appears
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here in the third stanza as a knight but not as a knight who goes to war but
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rather as a knight of Peace his anointed sword does not bring conflict but rather change and that is why
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the expression Excalibur of the end reinforces precisely this idea, it is a sword, yes. But
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in this case it is the symbol of peace of the last kingdom of the kingdom of the end and that is why from this sword
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will gush the light that will show the Divided World the holy degree and we conclude then that
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this symbol, this myth, this Dom Sebastião, he will then be the bearer of this light
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to the world, this light that will take him out of the darkness and will then bring them the knowledge to freedom and
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Fraternity and after this desired we then move on to the fourth place and in this case the
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Fortunate Islands and I will start reading the fourth poem the Fortunate Islands which voice comes in the sound of the waves
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it is not the voice of the sea it is the voice of someone that speaks to us but that if we listen it falls silent because it has Vi
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listen and only if half asleep without knowing how to listen we hear that she tells us hope that like a
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sleeping child we smile they are fortunate islands they are lands with no place where the
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king lives waiting but if we go therefore Shut up and there is only the sea and where will this covered one
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return from according to this poem he will return from these Islands where he was waiting we know
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that the legend says that Dom Sebastião will return On a foggy morning on his white horse
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coming from a distant island and it is on that Island that he was waiting until the right moment
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to return, according to some world maps, this island or these fortunate islands would be to the west
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of the African coast, as can be seen on this map, how this return
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of Dom Sebastião's desire will then operate, precisely in this poem we are going to have that answer and
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he starts by saying that there will not be a return from this Island since the
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physical Dom Sebastião cannot return so no he will not return we will not have that return panto
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people can stay waiting for this not to happen this mystery this secret this
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rumor if people start talking or start listening it disappears because the mystery is only
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a mystery as long as it remains a mystery Because from the moment it is discovered it
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disappears and these mysteries cannot be seen as reality, the mystery
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does speak, but it speaks through symbols and the mystery that is revealed will obviously lose its power and
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this mystery will only be understood according to what the second stanza says here in a very
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unconscious way, almost sleeping is a voice that will reveal itself not by forcing itself but precisely
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On the contrary, it will reveal itself by intuition, by instinct, unconsciously, we know
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what we are doing But we don't know what we are doing, there is no real understanding
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of this mystery here, but rather the idea of belief, we have to believe because unconsciously we already know
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that, so it is not There is no need to be forced and that is why in the third stanza
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Fernando Pessoa comes to a conclusion these Islands do not exist they only exist in legends what
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remains of all these legends is the idea of Hope the idea of dream because that voice does not reside in
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material Islands and if we try to listen to this The voice is silent because there is no longer any mystery
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. The Secret has its strength and the mystery has its strength because they are mystery and
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they are secret and it continues to be so Fernando Pessoa gives here a very powerful warning to
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those who are wait for the physical King Dom Sebastião he will return he will not return in a
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physical way he will return as a symbol and as a myth and that is why the fortunate Islands
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also do not exist as a reality they do not fit into our reality and they are unreal
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Fernando Person goes then finish the part of the symbols in a completely
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esoteric way, so if we start to lose Dom Sebastião's physical body throughout
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the message and particularly here in the covert, we then arrive at this poem, which is
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precisely the covert that will also have the name of the third part. and which will show us the
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absolute symbol of this idea of Dom Sebastião as a myth and I will start reading the poem when the
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fertile veil comes in the eager Dawn on the dead cross of the world the life that is the Rose that
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Divine symbol brings the day already seen on the cross which is destiny the Rose which is the Christ which final symbol shows the
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sun already awake on the cross Moral and Fatal the Rose of the covered up we then arrive at the perfect symbol
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pure essence of the myth after subjecting this figure of the King through several phases So we arrived
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at the final stage, it's almost as if Fernando Pessoa passed King Dom Sebastião through sieves in
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which he began to sift first in a coarser way until he reached the finest or purest part
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of the powder and in this case the essence and the essence that we we want is the essence completely pure
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Immaculate the myth the soul nothing physical nothing body nothing reality everything that is a dream everything
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that is immaterial and unreal We then find it here in the hidden and the first stanza begins with
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a rhetorical question for the reader what a fruitful symbol comes to Aurora eagerly and we had already seen
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in the first part of the message in the coat of arms that the myth is nothing which is everything the myth fertilizes the
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reality he does not even need to exist to make reality what it is and we saw this
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precisely with Ulysses who does not exist but founded Lisbon and Fernando Pessoa answers the question
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is the Rose this rose is a Masonic reference to the Rosa Cruz order or Fraternity of Rosa Cruz,
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which is an ancient order that is the repository of esoteric ancestral knowledge, the Rose
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in this stanza will symbolize life, the cross In this context, it will then represent death, the dead cross
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of the world, but we also cannot forget that it is from death that it will emerge again life since
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we have here references to Christ Christ on the cross who was crucified But he also ended up
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returning to Life therefore by resurrecting in this case obviously that Fernando Pess Soua is talking about
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Dom Sebastião and he is talking about Dom Sebastião in a very more symbolic, much more
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immaterial, in the second stanza we have more information here that tells us precisely that this
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cross will represent suffering and that the Rose will represent Christ, the Christ in this case the Messiah,
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the one who will bring us redemption through martyrdom but also through of Truth and just like
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Christ, the Rose will suffer its fate on the cross in the third stanza, we then know
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that this symbol is final, the definitive symbol, it is the one that will bring about the final empire and that this
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Empire will have to be the empire of spirit and no other, it is a symbol that shows the awakened sun,
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that is, this initiatory truth, knowledge, the light of wisdom, and which will then reveal to us
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that mystery, this cross, It will then represent the end of the work and it is a work that is completed, it is a
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work that will no longer result in a return to ignorance because once we obtain knowledge
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we can no longer close our eyes to that light and we can no longer go back, so here we finish
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the analysis of the first part of the covert, in this case the symbols, and we will move on in the next class
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to the analysis of the second part of the covert, the announcements Thank you for your attention and until the
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next class in Portuguese with the teacher s [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause]
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[Music]
