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hello everyone in this course we will
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cover the fundamentals of data analysis
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using AI algorithms
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fundamentals of data analysis using AI
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algorithms plays a crucial role in
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today's data-driven world
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understanding it empowers analysts to
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handle large data sets efficiently
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improve accuracy make advanced decisions
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these skills are essential for
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individuals and organizations seeking to
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derive meaningful insights and stay
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competitive in the AI driven era
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thank you for joining us on this
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exciting New Journey into artificial
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intelligence and data analytics
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we appreciate your participation
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did you know that approximately 35 of
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customers are more likely to make a
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purchase thanks to Amazon's
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recommendation service
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Amazon collects data about your past
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purchases search history ratings and
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reviews
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using Advanced Technologies like machine
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learning and artificial intelligence
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Amazon understands your interests and
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preferences
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by using your purchase history Amazon
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recommends products that match your
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interests and preferences
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your feedback helps them improve their
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recommendations making your shopping
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experience even better
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in this chapter we will examine the
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characteristics of the fourth Industrial
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Revolution era driven by AI technology
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such as Amazon's recommendation services
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we will explore how we should respond to
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this rapidly changing landscape
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in this chapter we will cover five
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topics as follows
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firstly we will discuss Industrial
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Revolution from first to Fourth
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next we will explore the difference
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between informatization and intelligence
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we will then examine the artificial
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intelligence
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next we will take a look at chat GPT
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finally we will explore key skills you
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should develop in AI era
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by the end of the section students
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should be able to explain followings
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to understand the differences among the
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four industrial revolutions it is
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important to explore
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who generated wealth in each Revolution
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and make predictions about the winners
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in the fourth Industrial Revolution
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additionally knowledge about the concept
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and evolution of AI understanding of the
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concept of singularity
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and the differences between traditional
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programming machine learning and deep
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learning are crucial
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being able to explain Chad GPT and the
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skills students should develop in the
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age of AI are also important
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let's dive into our first topic the
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fourth Industrial Revolution
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this revolution is all about making
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machines and objects smarter or
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intelligence with AI playing a major
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role
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we have experienced four industrial
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revolutions
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the first and second revolutions
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replaced human physical labor with steam
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and Electric Power
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however the focus of the third and
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fourth revolutions has shifted towards
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using computers and AI to replace office
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workers
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in today's era of the fourth Industrial
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Revolution AI connects and makes the
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almost entire business process from
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production to consumption smarter or
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intelligent
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in the fourth Industrial Revolution
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looking at examples from the past can
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help us predict which companies may be
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successful in markets
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let's consider the previous industrial
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revolutions for insight
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during the first Industrial Revolution
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companies that supplied wool which is
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used to make fabric earn substantial
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profits
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in the Second Industrial Revolution
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companies that provided petroleum
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necessary for machines and cars became
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wealthy
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in the third Industrial Revolution
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companies supplying computer components
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and software greatly benefited
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from this we observe that companies
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involved in producing raw materials or
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components rather than final products
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were able to make more money due to less
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intense competition
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for example iron ore providers are more
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advantageous compared to blacksmiths
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applying a similar line of thinking in
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the era of the fourth Industrial
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Revolution it is predicted that
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companies gathering and analyzing data
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which acts as the raw material for
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intelligent Technologies would generate
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significant profits
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the third and fourth industrial
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revolutions can be characterized by
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informatization and intelligence
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respectively
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informatization focuses on optimizing
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existing processes while intelligence
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emphasizes intelligent technologies that
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make decisions directly
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for example self-driving cars and chat
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Bots are examples of intelligence where
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they can operate without human
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involvement
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the difference between informatization
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and intelligence lies in who is the
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decision maker
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the objective of the third Industrial
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Revolution was to use computer systems
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to assist humans in decision making
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in contrast the goal of the fourth
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Industrial Revolution is to enable
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machines or objects to make autonomous
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decisions without human intervention
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thus in the era of the fourth Industrial
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Revolution it is expected that there
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will be an increase in the development
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of smart devices
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and systems that can work on their own
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and make decisions without much human
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involvement
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in the fourth Industrial Revolution
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computers and objects are connected
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through Networks
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this allows them to learn from each
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other and make decisions without human
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intervention
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this means that in certain areas the
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responsibility for decision-making
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shifts from humans to intelligent
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machines or objects
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the fourth Industrial Revolution is
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often compared to a dish called bibimbap
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in this analogy Big Data The Internet of
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Things iot an AI are like different
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ingredients that make up bibimbap
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just as different ingredients come
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together to create a delicious bibimbap
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these Technologies combine to drive the
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fourth Industrial Revolution
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countries and companies that can
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effectively integrate these ingredients
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and create innovative solutions will
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become the winners of the fourth
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Industrial Revolution
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in this chapter we will examine
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artificial intelligence
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the term AI was first used by John
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McCarthy a computer scientist in 1956.
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A.I which stands for artificial
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intelligence is all about teaching
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computers to act smart like humans
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it uses special computer programs called
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algorithms to help machines understand
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information learn from it and make
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decisions
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some cool examples of AI in action or
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alphago Watson Chad GPT and many more
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the key milestones in the development of
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AI are as follows
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in 1950 Alan Turing mentioned the Turing
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test
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this test is like a game where a person
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talks to both a machine and a human
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without knowing who is who
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if the person can't tell which one is
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the machine based on their conversation
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then the machine is considered to have
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passed the test
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it's a way to check if a machine can
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talk like a human
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don't you think that Chad GPT is better
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than humans when you talk to it
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in 2006 Professor Jeffrey Hinton made
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improvements to computer systems called
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Deep neural networks
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these systems are like the human brain
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and can understand and work with data
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in 2012 Alex Krish husky did something
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exciting by using deep learning along
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with GPS to get better at recognizing
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images
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this made computers really good at
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figuring out what's in a picture
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then in 2020 Chad GPT came along
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please take a moment to briefly read the
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history of AI development Illustrated in
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this slide
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we have already reviewed the key
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developments of AI in the previous slide
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this slide shows the competition between
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humans and AI
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in 1996 IBM Watson won against the world
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chess champion
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in 2011 IBM Watson became the champion
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in the popular U.S quiz show Jeopardy
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defeating the other human champions
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then in 2016 it made a big splash by
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beating the world champion go player Lee
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settle
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in 2023 Chad GPT became widely used
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serving as a smart personal assistant
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from these examples we can see that AI
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is rapidly entering areas that were once
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only for humans
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this speed is expected to increase even
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more in the future
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there are two types of AI weak and
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strong AI
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weak AI refers to AI systems designed
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for specific tasks Unlimited in their
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abilities such as Google Translator
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on the other hands strong AI refers to
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AI systems that possess general
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intelligence and can understand and
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perform tasks like a human
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it's like having an AI system that can
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think and learn just like we do
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when people talk about AI they usually
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mean machines learning and processing
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information like humans
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machine learning is a way to implement
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AI using various methods to find
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meaningful information from data
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deep learning is a specific type of
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machine learning that mimics the human
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brain using artificial neural networks
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you will learn about machine learning
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and deep learning techniques such as
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clustering and classification throughout
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the semester
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traditional programming and machine
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learning are quite different from each
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other
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in traditional programming we have to
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tell the computer exactly what to do
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step by step
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for example if we wanted to clean a room
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we have to explicitly instruct it to
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remove dust first and then mop the floor
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it's like giving a computer a detailed
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guideline to follow
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but in machine learning it works
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differently
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instead of giving Specific Instructions
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we show the computer lots of videos of
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successful and unsuccessful cleaning
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it learns by watching these examples and
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figuring out its own way of cleaning
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it's like teaching a computer by showing
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it how things are done
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the computer learns from these videos
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and starts to recognize patterns
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it finds out what works and what doesn't
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this way it can make its own decisions
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and perform tasks without us
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there are also differences between
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machine learning and deep learning
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in machine learning we humans have to
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tell the computer about specific
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features that help it recognize
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something
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for example we might explain to the
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computer that cats have certain eye
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shapes or nose structures
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eye shapes are called features
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then the computer learns to identify
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cats based on these given features
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it's like giving the computer some Clues
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to recognize cats
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now in deep learning things work a bit
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differently
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we provide the computer with a bunch of
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cat images and the computer figures out
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the important features of cats all by
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itself
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it learns to extract the features that
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are relevant for identifying cats from
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the images
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let's take a look at Deep learning in
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more detail
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deep learning is a type of Computer
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Learning that tries to imitate how our
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brains work
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it uses interconnected Parts kind of
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like the neurons in our brains to
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process information and learn from it
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the Deep part means there are many
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layers that help the computer understand
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complicated stuff
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it's like teaching a computer to learn
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and think a bit like our own brains do
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machine learning is being used in
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various Fields as follows
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first is the image classification it's
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about teaching computers to see and
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understand different types of images
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second is the language applications it's
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about using AI to understand and process
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human language like talking to Virtual
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assistants or translating languages
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third one is autonomous driving it's
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about creating self-driving cars that
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can recognize and respond to pedestrians
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and road signs
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fourth one is medical Fields it's about
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using AI to help doctors analyze X-rays
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and diagnose cancer more accurately
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now ai is widely adopted in almost all
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Industries to increase productivity and
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efficiency
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let's take a look at some interesting
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applications of AI in our life
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AI painter is a tool that uses AI to
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create artwork
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it can imitate different Artistic Styles
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and even replicate famous paintings
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for example if you ask to draw a picture
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in the style of Van Gogh it will be
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drawn as if it were painted by Van Gogh
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by learning from a large amount of art
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data AI painter can generate unique and
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Visually appealing pieces
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Cafe X wants to make getting coffee easy
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and fun while still making sure it
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tastes great
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you can order using a machine or your
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phone
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robots make the coffee by grinding the
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beans Brewing it and adding milk or
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other things
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at Cali Burger they have a special robot
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Chef that can do lots of cooking tasks
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it can grill burger patties put the
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ingredients together and even flip the
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burgers
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the robot Chef follows exact recipes and
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instructions that are saved in its
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system so the burgers always turn out
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the same taste
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in the future or even now humans are
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expected to coexist with AI
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futurist Ray Kurzweil in his book The
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Singularity is near predicts that by
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2045 AI will surpass human capabilities
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this point where AI surpasses human
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intelligence is referred to as
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singularity
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please note that experts are still
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discussing and studying the concept of
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Singularity and when it might happen
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there is no clear answer yet and it's an
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ongoing topic of research and debate
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when do you think the singularity will
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occur
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AI is seen as a good thing by experts
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like Ray Kurzweil Bill Gates and Mark
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Zuckerberg
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they believe it will make our lives
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better instead of taking over
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AI can improve how we work learn get
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health care and communicate
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they think AI can be useful and
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meaningful to lots of people
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but they also know there are challenges
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to tackle
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they want to make sure AI is used in the
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right way and doesn't cause problems
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Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking are
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worried about AI
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musk thinks it's more dangerous and
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could even destroy civilization
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he wants rules and regulations to
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control it
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Hawking agrees and says it could be the
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worst thing ever unless we control it
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they both want us to be careful and
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responsible with AI
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in conclusion AI will make our lives
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easier and more productive but we need
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to keep it under control
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let's talk about a GPT
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GPT or generative pre-trained
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Transformer is a fancy type of computer
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program that's really good at creating
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human-like text
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it learns from a lot of examples and can
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generate responses that make sense based
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on what you say
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when you chat with GPT it understands
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what you're saying and tries to give you
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helpful answers
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it's been trained on lots of different
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texts so it knows how to put things
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together in a way that sounds natural
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chat GPT is a large-scale language model
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developed by openai while Bard is
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developed by Google AI
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both models provide similar
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functionalities
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GPT can do lots of things with language
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like making up sentences understanding
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what you say
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filling and missing parts of a text
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translating between languages and giving
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you a shorter version of a long text
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chat GPT is still under development but
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it has already shown a lot of potential
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here are some details about the Chad GPT
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version history
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chat GPT 1.0 released in November 2018
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chat GPT 3.5
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released in November 2022
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chat GPT 4.0 released in March 2023
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it is expected that the Chad GPT version
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development will continue
00:20:17
to conclude this chapter let's discuss
00:20:20
the essential skills students must
00:20:22
cultivate to thrive in the AI era
00:20:26
right now there are many AI analysis
00:20:29
tools being developed and used
00:20:32
these tools make it possible for people
00:20:35
without coding or statistics knowledge
00:20:37
to do data analysis
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we predict that in the future Ai and
00:20:43
data analysis tools will become even
00:20:45
easier to use and more powerful
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this course is not just for computer
00:20:51
science students but for students from
00:20:53
different Majors like tourism and
00:20:56
sociology
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I believe that by combining your domain
00:21:00
knowledge with the AI skills you'll
00:21:02
learn this semester you can create new
00:21:05
knowledge and greatly increase
00:21:06
productivity
00:21:08
AI technology is used everywhere in all
00:21:12
fields and industries
00:21:14
not knowing about AI is like not being
00:21:17
able to read or write
00:21:19
it's that important
00:21:22
there are three distinct types of
00:21:24
knowledge that can be categorized
00:21:26
information retrieval knowledge
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application and knowledge creation
00:21:32
AI has already surpassed humans in the
00:21:35
domain of information retrieval where it
00:21:38
can quickly and accurately find and
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process vast amounts of data
00:21:43
however when it comes to applying
00:21:46
knowledge and making contextual
00:21:48
decisions humans still possess an
00:21:51
advantage
00:21:52
additionally humans have the unique
00:21:55
ability to generate new knowledge and
00:21:57
think creatively
00:21:59
therefore to survive in the era of AI
00:22:03
you should cultivate human abilities
00:22:05
such as creativity and empathy which are
00:22:08
unique to us
00:22:10
let's look at how AI is changing our job
00:22:13
market
00:22:15
according to the world economic forum's
00:22:18
future of jobs report 2023 there will be
00:22:22
new job opportunities in fields like Ai
00:22:25
and machine learning data analysis and
00:22:28
digital transformation
00:22:30
jobs like AI Specialists and data
00:22:33
analysts are expected to increase by
00:22:36
around 40 by 2027.
00:22:39
however some jobs like clerical and
00:22:43
secretarial roles including bank tellers
00:22:46
and data entry clerks are predicted to
00:22:49
decline rapidly due to AI
00:22:52
here are the top 10 jobs that are
00:22:54
expected to grow the fastest and decline
00:22:57
the fastest in the next five years
00:23:00
to become a recognized talent in the era
00:23:04
of AI it is essential for students to
00:23:07
cultivate the following five abilities
00:23:10
1. problem solving students need to
00:23:14
learn how to identify and solve problems
00:23:17
this means being able to identify issues
00:23:21
and find solutions that work
00:23:23
2. creativity it is the ability to think
00:23:27
of new and original things
00:23:30
it's important for students to think in
00:23:33
unique and imaginative ways and come up
00:23:35
with fresh ideas
00:23:38
free critical thinking it is the ability
00:23:41
to analyze and evaluate information in a
00:23:44
logical way
00:23:46
4. communication it is the skill of
00:23:49
expressing ideas and thoughts
00:23:51
effectively
00:23:53
students should be able to clearly
00:23:55
convey their messages and understand
00:23:57
others perspectives using appropriate
00:24:00
language and listening actively
00:24:03
5. collaboration it is the ability to
00:24:07
work well with others
00:24:10
it involves cooperating communicating
00:24:13
and contributing as part of a team to
00:24:15
achieve shared goals
00:24:18
we are living in a society where we
00:24:21
compete with AI
00:24:22
in his book The World is Flat in 2000
00:24:26
Thomas Friedman noted the increasing
00:24:29
competition between students from China
00:24:31
and job seekers in the United States
00:24:35
this highlights the growing
00:24:37
globalization of the world
00:24:40
in today's rapidly advancing world of AI
00:24:43
it is crucial for us to find ways to
00:24:46
protect our jobs from being taken over
00:24:48
by AI
00:24:50
I hope today's lecture has offered some
00:24:53
guidance on how to navigate this
00:24:55
challenge
00:24:56
I will summarize what we have learned
00:24:59
about Industrial Revolution and AI
00:25:02
looking back at the past raw material
00:25:05
and component producers earned higher
00:25:08
profits than final product manufacturers
00:25:11
in the age of the fourth Industrial
00:25:14
Revolution companies that collect and
00:25:16
analyze data would generate wealth
00:25:20
AI involves computers performing tasks
00:25:23
that typically require human
00:25:25
intelligence
00:25:27
traditional programming involves
00:25:30
Specific Instructions while machine
00:25:32
learning allows computers to learn from
00:25:34
data
00:25:36
deep learning uses neural networks for
00:25:39
complex information processing
00:25:42
ularity suggests AI surpassing human
00:25:46
intelligence
00:25:48
chat GPT has the potential to
00:25:51
significantly impact our way of working
00:25:53
in the office
00:25:55
as we conclude this chapter it is
00:25:58
important to emphasize the cultivation
00:26:00
of human abilities such as creativity
00:26:03
and empathy in the age of AI
00:26:06
thanks for your listening
