Making Alcohols By Fermentation & From Ethane | Organic Chemistry | Chemistry | FuseSchool

00:03:34
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkX9rVtCa7c

摘要

TLDRThe video explains the production of alcohol, particularly ethanol, through two methods: fermentation and the ethene route. Fermentation uses sugars from plants, such as barley and grapes, converting them into ethanol and carbon dioxide with the help of yeast. This process is slower but utilizes renewable resources. In contrast, the ethene route involves reacting ethene with water, producing ethanol more efficiently without waste. However, this method relies on non-renewable crude oil. The video emphasizes the importance of renewable resources in alcohol production and the energy requirements of each method.

心得

  • 🍺 Alcohol is in high demand for various industries.
  • 🔬 Fermentation converts plant sugars into ethanol and CO2.
  • 🌱 Plant sugars are renewable resources for alcohol production.
  • ⚗️ Yeast catalyzes the fermentation process.
  • 💧 Ethene reacts with water to produce ethanol efficiently.
  • ⏱️ The ethene route is faster and produces no waste.
  • 🌍 Crude oil is a non-renewable resource for ethanol production.
  • 🔥 Fermentation requires lower temperatures than the ethene route.
  • 📊 The alcoholic drinks industry is significant and diverse.
  • 🧪 Understanding these processes is crucial for industrial applications.

时间轴

  • 00:00:00 - 00:03:34

    The video discusses the demand for alcohol in various industries, highlighting its use in antifreeze, antiseptics, and alcoholic beverages. It explains the fermentation process, where sugars from plants like barley and grapes are converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide. The video presents a mini challenge to balance the fermentation equation, noting that the reaction is slow but can be catalyzed by yeast. It then introduces an alternative method for producing ethanol from ethane, which involves adding water to ethane in steam form, using phosphoric acid as a catalyst. This method is faster and more efficient than fermentation, as it produces only ethanol without waste. However, it relies on non-renewable crude oil, while plant sugars used in fermentation are renewable. The fermentation process requires less energy, heating only to 37°C.

思维导图

视频问答

  • What is fermentation?

    Fermentation is the process of converting sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide using yeast.

  • What are the reactants in fermentation?

    The reactants in fermentation are sugars derived from natural plant extracts.

  • What is the role of yeast in fermentation?

    Yeast acts as a catalyst in the fermentation process, speeding up the conversion of sugars to ethanol.

  • How is ethanol produced from ethene?

    Ethanol is produced from ethene by reacting it with water in steam form, using phosphoric acid as a catalyst.

  • What are the advantages of the ethene route over fermentation?

    The ethene route is faster and more efficient, producing only ethanol without waste products.

  • Why is fermentation considered a renewable resource?

    Fermentation uses plant sugars, which are renewable, unlike ethene derived from non-renewable crude oil.

  • What temperature is required for fermentation?

    Fermentation requires heating only to 37°C.

  • What is the main product of fermentation?

    The main products of fermentation are ethanol and carbon dioxide.

  • What is the significance of the alcoholic drinks industry?

    The alcoholic drinks industry is significant due to its large demand and various applications of alcohol.

  • What is the molecular formula for sugars used in fermentation?

    The general molecular formula for sugars used in fermentation is C6H12O6.

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  • 00:00:10
    [Music]
  • 00:00:14
    there's a great demand for alcohol in
  • 00:00:16
    Industry we use them to make antifreeze
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    for our engines and for antiseptics to
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    disinfect the skin if you've ever used a
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    hand sanitizer that works without water
  • 00:00:27
    that will have contained an alcohol we
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    also Ed the two carbon alcohol ethanol
  • 00:00:34
    as an ingredient in alcoholic drinks the
  • 00:00:36
    alcoholic drinks industry is huge and
  • 00:00:39
    making beer or wine requires science the
  • 00:00:42
    process for making alcoholic drinks is
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    called
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    fermentation the reactant in
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    fermentation is sugar it comes from
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    natural plant extracts barley in beer
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    making and grapes in wine making these
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    sugars have the general molecular
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    formula C6
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    h126 fermentation converts them into
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    ethanol and carbon
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    dioxide you might notice this equation
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    isn't balanced yet so have a go as a
  • 00:01:11
    mini challenge pause and continue when
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    ready here's the
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    answer the problem is this reaction
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    happens far too slowly to be of use to
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    industry but it can be catalyzed by the
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    enzymes of a naturally occurring fungus
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    called yeast
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    let's move on to our second route this
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    one also makes ethanol this time from a
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    hydrocarbon called Ethan you might have
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    come across it in our videos on
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    hydrocarbon cracking here's the Ethan
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    molecule and its molecular formula
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    here's the ethanol molecule from before
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    now look at the numbers of each atom on
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    both sides can you think of a very
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    common molecule we can add to Ethan to
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    produce ethanol again pause and think
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    then
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    resume well the answer is the good old
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    water molecule it's reacted with the
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    Ethan in Steam form and the ethine
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    double bond breaks open allowing
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    addition of
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    H2O phosphoric acid is used as a
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    catalyst note that ethanol is the only
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    product in this reaction the ethe root
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    is faster and more efficient as there is
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    no waste product formed only the use one
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    fermentation also yields carbon dioxide
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    which isn't useful to
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    us but Ethan is cracked from crude oil
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    which is a non-renewable resource so we
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    won't be able to carry on acquiring it
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    this way forever plant sugars on the
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    other hand are a renewable resource the
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    ethine root also requires much more
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    energy the initial crude oil must be
  • 00:02:55
    heated to a high temperature and so too
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    does the water to create Steam the
  • 00:03:00
    fermentation route requires heating only
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    to
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    37°
标签
  • alcohol
  • ethanol
  • fermentation
  • yeast
  • renewable resources
  • ethene
  • crude oil
  • sugar
  • catalyst
  • industrial processes