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[Music]
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woman jika
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and that's an aboriginal word for down
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here in the banurong and burnaron
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country
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in south east region it means welcome
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and welcome to this presentation
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my name is auntie helen bernadz and i'm
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the elder
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and the cultural lead for peninsula
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health
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and peninsula health is one of the major
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health providers
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here in the southeast region from
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frankston and also mornington peninsula
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i can do an acknowledgement to country
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because
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i am not from this country i am not a
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traditional owner
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i am what they call a murray a
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traditional
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owner from up in queensland how i
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introduce myself tribal way is
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i am a berry gabber from the bindel
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group and i have direct family ties into
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the sherberg aboriginal mission
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and also into another traditional mob up
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there in queensland the waka waka
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i have been down here for 50 years
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and with respect to the curry mob who
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have looked after me
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i've worked and lived in this area
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so i can do an acknowledgement to
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country which i will do now
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on behalf of peninsular health i would
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like to acknowledge the traditional
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owners
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the banarong peoples and the bunderong
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peoples
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and the wider nation here in victoria of
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the cooler nations
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i'd like to pay my respects to those
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elders past and present and to the young
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ones the emerging ones
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i would also like to mention and pay my
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respects to other aboriginal and torres
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strait islander people
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who do not come from this area but have
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traveled from all around australia
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i acknowledge them and welcome them into
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this presentation and into this country
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how i will run this presentation so you
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will know
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is firstly i'll be talking about the
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traditional
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aboriginal australia then i'll give the
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perspective of
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europeans
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then later i'll let you know what's
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happened on the missions and reserves
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and i will then give you the timeline of
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significance of political events
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that has happened here in australia
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lastly
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i will be zeroing back into peninsular
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health
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and letting you know what we do there
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with the aboriginal hospital liaison
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offices
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painting you a picture of the local
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communities
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and looking at the peninsula health
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reconciliation
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action plan
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in traditional aboriginal australia
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pre-colonisation
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there supposedly was approximately 380
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000 people
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and a half a million people 250
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languages
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and approximately 250 dialects from
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those languages
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all those different groups from each
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state
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was different there isn't a uniform
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aboriginal or torres strait islander
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peoples
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in our country there was a different
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titanic belief system
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there was a different way of dance
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art and of kinship
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not everyone was hunters and gatherers
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there is plenty of evidence to support
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that there were stone houses
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particularly built here
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in victoria where people stayed
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over a period of time so what we have is
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traditional foods eaten we have
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dance we have a strong
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men's business women's business rights
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happening
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amongst the youth the separation
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the marriage groups the children being
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taught
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their local belief system
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to what to believe and where to go
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this all changed
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when the mass colonisation took place
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so you had all these aboriginal groups
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around australia taking care of country
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renewing and revitalizing their
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spirituality
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through dance through art and
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through celebrations and meeting up with
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other specific
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aboriginal groups from around the
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area you can guess what happened
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on the mass colonisation of here in
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australia
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from the european perspective what we
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had
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over there globally away from australia
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was a belief system of terra nullius
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what that meant legally and politically
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was
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for those invaders it meant
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if the land seemed to be emptied then it
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was legally okay
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to take the land what was happening
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in the european context was also a
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belief system about
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two things darwinism
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and that was from charles darwin and
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from a biology
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perspective that
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the strongest in a group survive
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through evolution coupled with that
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was a christian belief system of a great
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chain of being
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at the top of the ladder there was a
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white god
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and you went through different other
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human groups
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until you reach the bottom where at the
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bottom
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were plants and animals but also
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black skin people were right down the
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bottom of the great chain of bean
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those at the bottom of the ladder
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it was believed needed to be saved
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the european way of believing in the
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land was
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on that land you toil the land you
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built buildings you chop down trees
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completely different
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to what was happening in aboriginal
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australia
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the people who came in the mass
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colonisation was primarily
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white males and they were convicts
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there were very few women
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the mass colonisation also meant
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that they brought farm animals sheep
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and cows and other plants what they
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bought
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tragically into aboriginal australia
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was diseases primarily
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smallpox measles
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sexually transmitted diseases
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there were a lot of massacres all around
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australia
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there was a lot of frontier wars
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where aboriginal people
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were outnumbered by
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the guns the rifles the gun
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powders taking over
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the land from aboriginal people
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so you can imagine what happened
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what to do now with the remnants
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of so many aboriginal and torres strait
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islander groups
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there was another philosophy and it was
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a belief that
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smooth the pillow of the dying race
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what do we do with aboriginal and torres
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strait islander people
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very quickly through legislation
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in australia to put in the aboriginal
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protection
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acts this was under the umbrella
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the 1901 white australia policy
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that the government put in place
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aboriginal people were forcibly
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forcibly removed from their cultural
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lands from their own countries
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and placed in what they call missions
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or reserves in every state of australia
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the conditions on the missions and
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reserves
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in a large case was pitiful the
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aboriginal parents
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were not in charge of their children it
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was
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the director of native affairs
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who were able to take the children
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remove them from their parents
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and in a lot of cases the young
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aboriginal males went up and worked in
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the pastoral stations
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and the young females into domestic
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service
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in the majority of cases those
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young people those aboriginal people
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who were in employment they were not
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paid
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they were working under slave conditions
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and it was known as the stolen wages
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on the missions and reserves you were
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not allowed
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to marry the person of your choice
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there was minimal educational facilities
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and minimal health care for aboriginal
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and torres strait islander people
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the food was now into processed food
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some aboriginal people predominantly
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aboriginal males if they spoke up and i
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know in queensland
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many did well they were shipped off
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immediately
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from their families on the missions and
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reserves and taken to a harsh
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penal colony near townsville called palm
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island
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and there they stayed that was their
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punishment but also
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it was the punishment if you do not
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behave
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we will remove your children
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[Music]
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across the waters from palm island was a
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leprosarium
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for punishment still further
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some of the aboriginal and torres strait
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islander peoples
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and youth were then taken over to the
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leprosarium
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even though they never had leprosy
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aboriginal and torres strait islander
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people
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in the missions and reserves
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were again devastated when
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the police were used to remove
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aboriginal children from their families
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and if they were taken away
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and into hospitals social workers and
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nurses were used also
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to remove children so this
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has had a lasting effect until
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now on the missions and reserves
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those who were i hate the terminology
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but half
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past were given the option
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of obtaining an exemption certificate
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aboriginal people referred to them
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as a dog tag a dog license
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we will give you an exemption
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certificate
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but this is what happens of course you
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have the freedom
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you can drink alcohol you can live
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outside the community you can get a job
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you can marry who you want you can
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go for a job which you want out in the
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community
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but what was the setback here
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with all those other conditions the
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setback was
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you are to give up your aboriginality
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you are no longer able
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to mix with your aboriginal families you
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are no longer
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able to come onto the missions and
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reserves
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that was the dog tag the exemption
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certificates
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some aboriginal people did go down that
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pathway
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and i have found that later their
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children and grandchildren are coming
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back to say
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we would like to come back into the
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aboriginal community
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and to claim our dissent heavy with the
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legislation with the aboriginal
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protection acts aboriginal people
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complied the best way they could
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and in doing so many lost their language
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their identity their cultural beliefs
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further the australian legislation meant
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that they brought in four distinct
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periods
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of legislation for aboriginal
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people leading right up
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into the 1970s what you had was the
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protection era
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then assimilation assimilation is if you
00:14:18
had
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again white blood other blood you come
00:14:23
under the assimilation act
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integration period and lastly
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you had the management period the
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self-determination
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starting from the 1970s until now
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what we have there were significant
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events
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in australia's history where aboriginal
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people
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and non-aboriginal people came on board
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for the benefit
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of aboriginal people again we see the
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reconciliation
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taking place so like in the 1967 the
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referendum
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it was not only about getting the vote
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over 90 percent of
00:15:10
australians in six states said yes
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well they voted for aboriginal people to
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be counted on the census
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but also that aboriginal affairs be
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taken over by the federal government
00:15:25
previously in all the states of
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australia
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the individual governments were looking
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after aboriginal affairs
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this all changed in 1967.
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in 1983 aboriginal and torres strait
00:15:42
islander
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identification was legalized in the high
00:15:47
court so to be an aboriginal person
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there is a three-part slogan and that is
00:15:54
of dissent for aboriginal people to
00:15:58
identify
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and thirdly to be accepted by the
00:16:03
community
00:16:04
in which they live having a
00:16:08
confirmation of aboriginality
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certificate
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a piece of paper is very difficult for
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some aboriginal people
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what happens and this is the question
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what happens when
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you're removed from your family you're
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institutionalized fostered out
00:16:25
and then later even 50 years down the
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track
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you haven't got a confirmation of
00:16:30
aboriginality where do you go
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down here in the southeast region one of
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the aboriginal gathering places
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what happens is they come
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and become members of that aboriginal
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organization they give
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service they speak to someone within
00:16:49
the organisation who can then trace as
00:16:52
much as they can
00:16:54
their aboriginal ancestry we have that
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piece of paper
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we can take it right back through the
00:17:01
family tree
00:17:02
as much as we can and then once all the
00:17:05
documentation
00:17:07
is gathered as much as we can it then
00:17:10
goes towards a board meeting and the
00:17:12
board
00:17:13
stamps off on that person being an
00:17:16
aboriginal person for themselves
00:17:18
and their children and that brings a lot
00:17:21
of closure
00:17:23
for aboriginal people whom at last
00:17:27
feel like they can rest this spirit and
00:17:30
say
00:17:30
honestly that they're an aboriginal
00:17:32
person through that paper
00:17:34
in 1987
00:17:37
was the royal commission into black
00:17:40
deaths in custody
00:17:44
99 aboriginal people
00:17:48
who were in police custody and had
00:17:51
dealings in the prison also
00:17:54
their lives were dissected
00:17:58
and from a perspective of their
00:18:00
childhood from a social
00:18:02
emotional well-being perspective
00:18:07
their lives dissected to see what had
00:18:09
brought them into the prison system
00:18:11
what had happened here out of the royal
00:18:14
commission
00:18:15
into black deaths in custody there were
00:18:19
339
00:18:20
recommendations over 30 years ago
00:18:25
very few of those recommendations
00:18:29
have been put in place following
00:18:33
the black deaths in custody report
00:18:37
the government then put in place the
00:18:39
reconciliation
00:18:41
act so that 10-year plan
00:18:44
was about actively putting out in the
00:18:48
australian community
00:18:50
programs of education
00:18:54
for non-aboriginal people to let them
00:18:57
know about aboriginal history
00:19:00
and culture
00:19:03
there were very strong movements of good
00:19:06
non-aboriginal people
00:19:07
coming on board realising
00:19:11
what had happened here in aboriginal
00:19:14
australia
00:19:16
thinking it unjust and then
00:19:20
coming out in the streets to support
00:19:22
aboriginal people
00:19:25
and then to make a movement a very
00:19:26
strong movement
00:19:28
the reconciliation movement of australia
00:19:32
from the reconciliation action
00:19:35
movement in 1991 then came in 1993
00:19:41
the overturn of terra nullius
00:19:46
there was a person called
00:19:49
eddie marbow from the torres strait
00:19:52
islands
00:19:53
and a group of his friends who took
00:19:56
10 years of going through the legal
00:20:00
system
00:20:01
to say our traditional
00:20:04
cultural beliefs and languages is still
00:20:07
practiced on the torres strait islands
00:20:10
and the torres strait islands is on the
00:20:13
top of australia there are five
00:20:15
main islands
00:20:18
terra nullius was overturned in what
00:20:20
they call the mabo case
00:20:22
which gave aboriginal people native
00:20:26
title and land rights here
00:20:29
in australia after mabo
00:20:33
in 1995 there was the creation of the
00:20:36
aboriginal and torres strait islander
00:20:38
flags
00:20:40
it was legally recognised by the federal
00:20:43
government
00:20:44
as a flag of australia so the aboriginal
00:20:48
flag
00:20:48
has black at the top for the people the
00:20:51
reg
00:20:52
for the earth and in the middle
00:20:55
is a circle which is
00:20:58
recognized as the sun and the sun and
00:21:01
the source of hope
00:21:04
the torres strait islander flag
00:21:07
was designed by a 15 year old torres
00:21:10
strait islander person
00:21:11
so it has the colours of the green for
00:21:14
the land
00:21:16
the blue for the sea because the torres
00:21:18
strait islanders are seafaring people
00:21:21
they have two black stripes for
00:21:25
the aboriginal people of the torres
00:21:27
strait islands
00:21:29
and in the middle of the torres strait
00:21:30
islander flag
00:21:32
is a white diary or traditional
00:21:35
headdress
00:21:36
there is a five-pointed star a star
00:21:40
also on the torres strait islander flag
00:21:43
that used to guide the sea varying
00:21:45
torres strait islanders
00:21:48
[Music]
00:21:50
in 2007 we have what they call
00:21:54
close the gap there was great concerns
00:21:58
about the health of aboriginal and
00:22:00
torres strait islander people
00:22:02
here in australia about also
00:22:05
the low educational qualifications
00:22:08
not many were getting through education
00:22:11
starting
00:22:12
from kindergarten right up and
00:22:15
those who were not completing year 12.
00:22:19
there were lots of other concerns too
00:22:23
from that time it was a very poor
00:22:26
performance of
00:22:28
hardly any improvement in regards to
00:22:31
close the gap measures
00:22:32
until this year
00:22:36
in 2021 there are now four
00:22:40
new priorities of
00:22:43
what close the gap looks like
00:22:47
the four priority areas are about
00:22:52
responsibilities with other
00:22:55
organizations
00:22:56
primarily working in partnership
00:23:00
with aboriginal communities and
00:23:03
non-aboriginal communities
00:23:06
and that every state and territory
00:23:09
will now be reporting individually
00:23:13
about their report and close the gap
00:23:16
instead of just leaving it up to the
00:23:18
federal government
00:23:23
regarding aboriginal health and the
00:23:26
present
00:23:27
picture of what it looks like aboriginal
00:23:30
males and female
00:23:31
aboriginal people with the males it's
00:23:33
about 10 years
00:23:35
below what non-indigenous males are
00:23:37
living to
00:23:38
approximately the same with aboriginal
00:23:42
females and non-indigenous
00:23:45
females our health
00:23:48
concerns are greatly
00:23:52
diabetes respiratory
00:23:57
and cardiac conditions
00:24:01
smoking is also high up there
00:24:07
intergenerational massively
00:24:11
grief and loss from the past
00:24:14
is carried on in that picture
00:24:18
the health picture is also
00:24:22
high self-harm and mental health issues
00:24:28
combined with for aboriginal people
00:24:32
in our area homelessness
00:24:35
and high rates of incarceration
00:24:39
and low education qualifications
00:24:43
and unemployment
00:24:47
in 2008 and here in australia
00:24:51
the prime minister kevin rudd
00:24:54
made an apology we apologize for the
00:24:58
laws and policies of successive
00:25:00
parliaments
00:25:01
to the stolen generation those
00:25:03
aboriginal and torres strait islander
00:25:05
people
00:25:06
who were forcibly removed from their
00:25:09
families
00:25:11
and the communities what he apologized
00:25:14
for
00:25:15
was the legislative processes
00:25:18
that took children from their families
00:25:22
and communities
00:25:24
and for the pain
00:25:27
that they suffered and are still
00:25:29
suffering
00:25:32
still suffering intergenerationally
00:25:35
those who are removed who do not know in
00:25:38
full
00:25:40
their aboriginal identity or culture
00:25:44
[Music]
00:25:46
in 2017 we had the statement of the
00:25:50
heart
00:25:51
from uluru over 250 people
00:25:55
aboriginal and torres strait islander
00:25:56
people and others
00:26:00
gathered at a convention in alice
00:26:03
springs
00:26:04
what they were calling for was to be
00:26:08
involved
00:26:09
and to be a part of the constitution of
00:26:12
australia
00:26:14
and for a makarata or an agreement or a
00:26:17
coming together
00:26:20
of people legislatively
00:26:24
to have a voice in what has happened
00:26:28
here in australia the truth-telling
00:26:31
truth-telling and treaty
00:26:34
and here in victoria the first state
00:26:39
there was the treaty act of 2018
00:26:43
which gave permission for traditional
00:26:47
owners who were voted in
00:26:50
by the community to represent them to
00:26:52
have a voice
00:26:53
in the victorian government in regards
00:26:57
to what the treaty process
00:26:59
will look like that is still
00:27:02
current i'll now
00:27:06
zero in on our state
00:27:11
there is believed population wise from
00:27:14
the abs
00:27:15
which is the australian bureau of
00:27:17
statistics that was done in about 2016
00:27:20
there is approximately 4500
00:27:24
aboriginal people in victoria
00:27:28
in the southeast region
00:27:31
there is approximately 500 people
00:27:34
aboriginal people when aboriginal people
00:27:38
come into the hospital
00:27:39
i will say like peninsula health like
00:27:42
frankston hospital
00:27:44
it is mandatory that the ward clerks
00:27:47
ask the identity question
00:27:50
are you an aboriginal or torres strait
00:27:53
islander person
00:27:54
or both that sets in motion
00:27:58
a call for the two aboriginal hospital
00:28:01
liaison officers
00:28:03
who work at frankston hospital
00:28:06
to go and see this aboriginal person
00:28:11
patient or client who's come into the
00:28:13
peninsula health system
00:28:15
who asks the question is primarily the
00:28:18
ward clerks
00:28:20
the identity question in some cases
00:28:24
aboriginal people particularly those
00:28:28
who are white skinned blue-eyed or
00:28:31
blonde
00:28:32
or don't know their history or shamed
00:28:35
up to now of stating that their
00:28:37
aboriginal people
00:28:39
will say no until later
00:28:43
if they are admitted they will see the
00:28:45
staff
00:28:46
and say to them that they're an
00:28:48
aboriginal person we would like to see
00:28:50
the aboriginal hospital liaison officer
00:28:52
in every state of australia
00:28:56
there should be in the major hospitals
00:28:59
an aboriginal hospital liaison officer
00:29:03
also known as a cultural broker
00:29:08
they are there to support aboriginal
00:29:11
people culturally but also to
00:29:14
work side by side with the doctors and
00:29:18
the nurses
00:29:19
and other allied health members
00:29:22
in the hospital for the best possible
00:29:25
care
00:29:26
for the aboriginal and torres strait
00:29:27
islander patient
00:29:30
to be culturally safe in a hospital
00:29:33
and that means for aboriginal people
00:29:36
very cautious about coming into a big
00:29:38
organisation
00:29:40
very cautious about dealing with social
00:29:42
workers and the police
00:29:44
and others who have removed children
00:29:47
they're apprehensive and vulnerable if
00:29:50
the aboriginal hospital liaison officer
00:29:53
is involved
00:29:54
they are involved from a community level
00:29:58
and there to support the best
00:30:01
clinical health plans that can be
00:30:05
in place for aboriginal people there is
00:30:08
a
00:30:08
high rate of aboriginal people
00:30:11
leaving the hospital being just walking
00:30:14
out
00:30:15
discharged without medical advice or
00:30:18
medical permission
00:30:20
just had enough but you can understand
00:30:22
that
00:30:24
but if those aboriginal people have the
00:30:26
support of a liaison officer
00:30:28
it's a different story to be culturally
00:30:32
safe up at peninsular health
00:30:34
we have not only the aboriginal and
00:30:36
torres strait islander flags flying
00:30:39
we have aboriginal art all within the
00:30:42
hospital
00:30:45
that aboriginal art has come from an
00:30:48
aboriginal organization called
00:30:50
torch which is ex-offenders and
00:30:54
prisoners
00:30:56
we purchase potential health purchase
00:30:59
their art
00:31:00
and then place it on the walls
00:31:04
of the hospitals and we know that the
00:31:06
money goes
00:31:07
directly back to those prisoners
00:31:11
later in the reconciliation action plan
00:31:15
the
00:31:15
third for peninsula health
00:31:19
where there is a high emphasis on
00:31:22
employment for aboriginal and torres
00:31:24
strait islander people within peninsular
00:31:26
health
00:31:27
ex-offenders appropriate ex-offenders
00:31:30
will also be included in that list for
00:31:33
employment
00:31:34
and further education within our
00:31:37
organisation
00:31:39
within peninsula health we have what
00:31:42
they call the ballot ballot
00:31:43
reconciliation bus
00:31:45
tours so approximately about five years
00:31:49
ago the non-aboriginal staff came to me
00:31:51
and said
00:31:52
auntie helen we know that there's
00:31:54
aboriginal organizations
00:31:57
here locally but we're embarrassed
00:32:00
to even go in it seems disrespectful
00:32:04
we would like to go in so what i did was
00:32:07
i went around to the major aboriginal
00:32:09
organizations in our area
00:32:12
which are willem meringue aboriginal
00:32:16
gathering place
00:32:17
at down at hastings
00:32:20
here at banjawara which is a 12-badge
00:32:25
rehabilitation youth organisation and
00:32:28
healing center for aboriginal youth
00:32:32
some who have been caught up in the
00:32:34
prison system
00:32:36
i went to the frankston gathering place
00:32:38
called jambana
00:32:41
narrow margin banner
00:32:44
spoke to them and got their permission
00:32:46
in regards to the ballot ballot tours
00:32:48
and went to balik arts
00:32:50
up in mornington which is an aboriginal
00:32:53
owned
00:32:54
and run creative arts centre
00:32:58
we are now dealing with the kui cafe in
00:33:01
rosebud which is again
00:33:03
aboriginal owned and run
00:33:06
and that economic hospitality
00:33:10
center so on the ballot ballot tours
00:33:14
which people have to go on a waiting
00:33:16
list the potential health staff
00:33:19
to go on the waiting list and then with
00:33:22
organisational permission
00:33:25
from the gathering places we take people
00:33:28
around on the bus
00:33:30
it took six months through the
00:33:32
consultative process
00:33:34
to get this happening so our cultural
00:33:37
awareness
00:33:39
is alive the staff of peninsular health
00:33:42
has seen this
00:33:44
what's available out there
00:33:48
also within peninsular health we
00:33:50
actively
00:33:52
actively celebrate things like
00:33:55
reconciliation week in may
00:33:59
nadoc week in july
00:34:02
and naidoc week just didn't start
00:34:04
overnight it commenced in 1938
00:34:09
in sydney with over a thousand
00:34:12
protesters
00:34:13
out in the streets non-aboriginal people
00:34:17
supporting aboriginal people for
00:34:19
aboriginal rights
00:34:21
it was called the day of mourning
00:34:24
so from reconciliation week
00:34:27
sorry day night week we invite
00:34:32
non-aboriginal people to come along to
00:34:34
our celebrations
00:34:40
i would like to sincerely thank
00:34:42
bunjawarra
00:34:45
here at hastings for hosting this
00:34:47
presentation
00:34:49
and i would greatly encourage all
00:34:52
non-aboriginal people
00:34:54
to join in at reconciliation week in may
00:34:58
and made up events
00:35:00
join in in enthusiasm for uluru the
00:35:03
statement
00:35:05
join in for sharing the information
00:35:08
not only that you now hold but also to
00:35:12
spread it amongst
00:35:13
your family and friends
00:35:16
to give non-aboriginal people
00:35:22
an inkling into what's happened here in
00:35:25
australia that australia does have
00:35:27
a black history
00:35:31
[Music]
00:35:47
you