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when we encounter another individual
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truly as a person not as an object for
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use we become fully human Martin
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bber we human beings are said to be
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social animals that we are naturally
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drawn to live in groups be it a small
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family or a complex City in these groups
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we interact with each other and we do so
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mostly because like useful objects we
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need something from them other
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interactions however are more selfless
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and intimate they are not based on other
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people's usefulness in them we don't
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treat others like objects but as
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subjects in philosophy this kind of
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relationship is referred to as
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intersubjectivity in this video we will
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talk about what intersubjectivity is
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it's three levels and the two ways we
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interact with others according to the
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Austrian Jewish philosopher Martin
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bber what is
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intersubjectivity the term inter
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subjectivity was called coined by the
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Austrian German philosopher Edmund husel
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it is a compound of the prefix inter
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which means between or among and the
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philosophical term subject which refers
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to a conscious being inter subjectivity
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therefore is The Interchange of thoughts
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and feelings both conscious and
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unconscious between two subjects or
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persons as facilitated by empathy it
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refers to the human characteristic to
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engage in an intimate and personal
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relationship with others who are
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different from but also similar to
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oneself it is the shared understanding
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among persons made possible by the
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mutual awareness and recognition of the
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self and the other as
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persons however despite our
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intersubjective or authentic
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relationships with others we still tend
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to become conscious with our self-image
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and with how others see us because of
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this we tend to act differently before
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others depending on who we are relating
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with for example we may act nicely when
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we are with our boss while rudely when
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we are with our
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clients this pretentiousness is known as
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seeming seeming is a way of approaching
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the other based on the image one wants
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to impress on him or her by what one
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wants the other to be it involves taking
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on roles or hiding aspects of oneself
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usually in order to appear more
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desirable to the other despite this
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tendency to pretend however we still
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strive for a deeper and more genuine
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interaction with others this more
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authentic interaction is called
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dialogue a dialogue is an interaction
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between persons that happens through
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speech or the use of words expressions
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and Body Language it occurs when two
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individuals view each other as another
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when they acknowledge each other's
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presence uniqueness and differences and
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treat each other as equals it is the
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opening up the giving and receiving of
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persons to each other in their
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encounter the three levels of inter
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subjectivity there there are three
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levels of intersubjectivity namely
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empathy availability and ethics of care
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empathy is the ability to share the
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emotions or to put oneself in the shoes
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of the other it is rooted in a person's
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awareness that the other is also a
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person who has
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feelings availability on the other hand
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is the willingness of a person to be
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present and be at the disposal of the
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other lastly ethics of care which is
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also a moral theory emphasizes the moral
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dimension of human interactions and
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relationships it believes that the self
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has the moral obligation to respond to
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the needs of the other especially the
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vulnerable which it cannot
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ignore to dive deeper into the topic of
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inter subjectivity let us now turn to
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the Austrian Jewish philosopher who had
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a profound impact on how modern thinkers
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saw Human Relationships Martin bber in
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his book entitled I and thou bber
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identified two ways in which the self or
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the I relates with the other
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the first one is the aat
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relationship the ayat relationship
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according to bber refers to the world of
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sensation where there are objects in
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this relationship human persons do not
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experience an authentic encounter with
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each other rather what happens is that
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the self or the eye treats the other as
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an object to be experienced and used
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deep down the eyat relationship is all
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about oneself because others are seen
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merely as objects that serve one's
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interest it is not a dialogue but a
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monologue a relationship with one's own
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self examples of aat relationships are
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employers who treat workers like
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machines and businesses that use women
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in their advertisement just to increase
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sales this kind of relationship results
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into what is called
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alienation alienation happens when a
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relationship is inauthentic deceptive
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and
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exploitative it arises when the self
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ceases to view the other as as a
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distinct or authentic person and
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considers him or her as a mere object or
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means to satisfy its interests it is a
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disorientating sense of exclusion that
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can lead to the other's loss of dignity
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and Humanity resulting to his or her
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dehumanization the second way the self
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relates with the other is the IOU
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relationship in contrast to the IAT
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relationship the IOU refers to the world
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of encounters and relationships with
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other persons it is a relationship where
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there is a genuine sharing of one
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another without
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objectification in this relationship the
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ey treats the other as distinctly other
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th as another person who is different
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from itself as someone who has different
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characteristics beliefs values and
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interests at its Center is a genuine
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form of interaction a
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dialogue to recap intersubjectivity is a
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kind of relationship where two subjects
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or persons interchange thoughts and
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feelings both conscious and uncons
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conscious as facilitated by empathy in
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any relationship however human beings
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become conscious with their self-image
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and how others see them as such they
00:06:10
tend to act differently before different
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people an attitude known as seeming
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despite this human beings still long for
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a deeper and more genuine interaction
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with others a longing fulfilled only by
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dialogue or the opening up the giving
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and receiving of persons to each other
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in their encounter inter subject
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objectivity has three levels namely
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empathy or the ability to put oneself in
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the shoes of the other availability or
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the willingness to be present and be at
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the disposal of the other and ethics of
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care or the moral obligation to respond
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to the needs of the other the Austrian
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Jewish philosopher Martin bber presented
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two influential ways on how we relate
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with others the I it and the I thou
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relationship in the aat relationship
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human persons do not experience an
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authentic encounter with each other
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this is because the self treats the
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other as an object to be experienced and
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used as such it is a monologue and
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results in alienation or an inauthentic
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deceptive and exploitative
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relationship in the IOU relationship on
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the other hand there is a genuine
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sharing of one another in this
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relationship the ey treats the other as
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distinctly other as another person who
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has different characteristics beliefs
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and values it is a dialogue a genuine
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form of
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interaction how about you have you ever
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had a genuine meaningful relationship
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with another person how was it what did
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you do and how did you feel let us know
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in the comments
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below if you like this video please give
00:07:50
it a thumbs up follow us on social media
00:07:52
and subscribe to our channel for more
00:07:54
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00:07:57
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