Integumentary System In 9 Minutes (Part 1 Of 3)

00:09:27
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSY2g6ZIMoU

Résumé

TLDRThis video is an educational overview of the integumentary system, which is part of the 12 body systems. It comprehensively covers the system's three major components: the skin, hair, and nails, and details their structures and functions. The skin, as a membrane and an organ, consists of three layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Functions of various parts, such as the role of the stratum corneum in shedding dead cells, and the sensory perception attributed to nerves in the dermis, are explored. The video's focus includes temperature regulation via blood vessels and involuntary muscles, as well as the formation of fingerprints by papilla. Hair provides skin protection and is produced in follicles, composed of keratin, while nails serve as protective plates. This detailed explanation prepares viewers for the next part, which will delve into the integumentary system's functions.

A retenir

  • 🛡️ The integumentary system includes the skin, hair, and nails.
  • ✨ The epidermis is the skin's outermost layer and lacks blood vessels.
  • 🔄 Stratum corneum sheds dead skin cells, while the stratum germinativum is vital for cell generation.
  • 🌡️ Dermis plays a key role in temperature regulation, aided by blood vessels and involuntary muscles.
  • ✍️ Fingerprints are unique, formed by papilla in the dermis.
  • 💧 Sweat glands help cool the body through perspiration.
  • 💪 Involuntary muscles control functions like hair movement and pore opening for thermoregulation.
  • 🔗 Hypodermis connects skin to muscles and houses fat tissue.
  • 🔍 Nails protect fingers and toes and enhance sensation.
  • 🦠 Hair is made of keratin and protects the skin.

Chronologie

  • 00:00:00 - 00:09:27

    The video discusses the introduction to the body's systems, starting with the integumentary system, which includes the skin, hair, and nails. It describes the skin's three main layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, also known as the subcutaneous layer. The epidermis is the outer layer composed of dead cells. The dermis contains structures crucial for skin function, like blood vessels and nerve endings, while the hypodermis serves as a connector to muscles, housing fat and connective tissue. The functions of the epidermis and dermis, such as temperature regulation and sensory perception, are detailed, emphasizing homeostasis. The hair and nails derive keratin protein and serve protective roles for the skin, fingers, and toes.

Carte mentale

Vidéo Q&R

  • What are the major components of the integumentary system?

    The major components are the skin, hair, and nails.

  • What are the layers of the skin?

    The layers are the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.

  • What function does the stratum corneum serve?

    It is the uppermost layer of the epidermis which sheds dead skin cells.

  • Why doesn't it hurt when you cut your hair?

    There are no nerves in the hair, which is why cutting it doesn't hurt.

  • How do involuntary muscles in the dermis operate?

    They regulate hair movement and pore opening to help in temperature regulation.

  • What is the function of sweat glands?

    They help in cooling the body by releasing sweat composed of water, salt, and waste.

  • How are fingerprints formed?

    Fingerprints are created by the papilla in the dermis fitting into ridges below the stratum germinativum.

  • How does the hypodermis function?

    It connects the skin to underlying muscles and contains fat tissue for insulation.

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Sous-titres
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  • 00:00:00
    [Music]
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    now that we have completed the mapping
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    of the body
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    we will now begin our journey through
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    each of the body systems
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    of which there are 12. our first journey
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    begins with the integumentary system
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    this body system is divided into three
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    major parts
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    the skin the hair
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    and the nails
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    this system is known as a membrane
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    because it covers the body
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    and an organ because it contains several
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    tissues
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    for the purposes of this course the
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    system will be described as an organ
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    with a variety of essential tissues
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    the skin is composed by three main
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    layers
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    epidermis dermis
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    and hypodermis
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    the epidermis is the outermost layer of
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    skin
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    this layer is further divided into five
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    to six
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    thinner layers which do not have blood
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    vessels
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    only two of these layers of the skin
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    will be described
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    stratum corneum this is the uppermost
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    layer of the skin
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    which constantly sheds or where the dead
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    skin cells are sloughed off
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    essentially the top layer of the skin is
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    composed of dead cells
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    stratum germinativum
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    the stratum germinativum is the lowest
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    layer of the epidermis
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    and is in contact with the dermis below
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    it is the layer in which cell division
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    called mitosis takes place
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    and where new epidermal tissue is formed
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    and begins to migrate to the surface of
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    the skin
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    replacing the dead skin cells found in
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    the stratum corneum
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    dermis also known as the corium
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    or the true skin this layer contains
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    major structures and functions
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    for the skin within a framework of
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    elastic
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    connective tissue this is where the skin
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    comes to life
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    contained within the dermis are the
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    blood vessels
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    nerves involuntary muscles
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    sweat glands oil glands
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    hair follicles and the papilla
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    blood vessels via the capillaries
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    nutrients are provided to the skin and
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    waste products are taken away
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    these blood vessels also play a major
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    part in maintaining
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    and sustaining the body's temperature
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    for optimal functioning
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    the vessels dilate to release heat
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    or they constrict in order to retain the
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    body's heat
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    nerves allow the skin to have sensory
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    perception
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    through the skin the body is able to
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    respond to pain
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    pressure temperature as well as touch
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    sensations
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    involuntary muscles in the dermis
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    control functions such as lifting hair
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    or opening pores by dilating
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    or opening the pores in the skin the
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    body is able to cool off and allow sweat
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    to exit
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    when the body needs to keep its
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    temperature up to prevent heat loss
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    these muscles allow the pores in the
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    skin to contract or constrict
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    in order to keep the heat from exiting
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    the body
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    in fact if it's too cold these pores can
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    constrict
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    so tightly that they form what is known
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    as goosebumps
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    these structures are important for
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    keeping and maintaining the body's
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    temperature
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    which averages at 98.6 degrees
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    this helps maintain the process of
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    homeostasis
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    homeostasis is a major process by which
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    the body works
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    to keep all of its structures and
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    functions in balance
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    another way of saying it would be to
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    keep the body healthy
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    [Music]
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    sweat glands or pseudoriforous glands
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    are coiled tubes that extend through the
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    dermis and
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    open on the surface of the skin at the
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    pores
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    the sweat or perspiration eliminated by
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    these glands contain
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    water salt and some body wastes
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    oil or sebaceous glands
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    usually open onto hair follicles these
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    glands produce sebum
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    an oil that keeps the skin and hair from
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    becoming dry
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    however due to genetics some people's
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    hair
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    is more dry than others the dryness is
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    determined by whether or not the hair is
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    curly
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    the curlier the hair the drier the hair
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    even when the amount of sebum produced
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    is the same
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    [Music]
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    a hair follicle anchors each hair into
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    the skin
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    deep into the dermis the hair bulb forms
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    the base of the hair follicle
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    in the hair bulb living cells divide and
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    grow
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    to build the hair shaft the hair shaft
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    is the hair
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    that projects from the skin or scalp
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    [Music]
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    papilla the top of the dermis is covered
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    with papilla
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    which fits into the ridges right below
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    the stratum german evadum
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    the papilla are responsible for creating
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    fingerprints
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    and footprints like a snowflake
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    no one fingerprint is created twice not
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    even in twins
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    subcutaneous fascia or hypodermis
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    this structure is located below the
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    dermis or the bottom of the innermost
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    layer of the skin
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    it is made of elastic and fibrous
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    connective tissue
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    and adipose which is fatty tissue
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    the purpose for this layer is to connect
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    the skin to the underlying muscles
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    adipose or fat is the yellowish section
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    found in this layer we can compare our
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    skin
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    to a piece of cake epidermis is the
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    frosting
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    the dermis is the cake itself
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    and the subcutaneous or hypodermis is
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    the bottom of the cake connecting to the
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    pan
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    now the hair is the second major part of
  • 00:06:40
    the integumentary system
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    the hair's main function is to protect
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    the skin hair is composed of a strong
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    structural protein called keratin the
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    hair grows within a hollow tube called
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    the follicle
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    here's a little hair trivia for you hair
  • 00:06:59
    can be shaved
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    cut styled and groomed but why doesn't
  • 00:07:03
    it hurt when you cut your hair
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    the answer is it doesn't hurt when the
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    hair is cut because there are no nerves
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    but then why does it hurt when you pluck
  • 00:07:11
    your eyebrow or pull a hair out of the
  • 00:07:13
    scalp
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    that's because at the base of the hair
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    follicle are sensory nerve fibers
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    that wrap around each hair bulb
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    alright the third major part of the
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    integumentary system
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    is the nail the nail's main function is
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    to serve the fingers and toes
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    as protective plates and enhance the
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    sensation of the fingertip
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    or the toe tip like the hair
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    the nail is also composed of keratin
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    primarily the nail is made up of dead
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    epithelial cells
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    packed tightly together to form a
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    translucent
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    thick dense surface of keratin
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    the nail is formed in the nail bed if
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    you slam your finger in the door
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    you may lose a nail but it will regrow
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    if you damage the nail bed however that
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    nail will never come back
  • 00:08:09
    before we conclude part one of the
  • 00:08:11
    integumentary system
  • 00:08:13
    let's review there are three main parts
  • 00:08:16
    to this body system
  • 00:08:18
    the skin the hair and the nails
  • 00:08:23
    and the skin has three main layers
  • 00:08:26
    the epidermis which is the outermost
  • 00:08:28
    layer
  • 00:08:30
    the dermis which is just below the
  • 00:08:33
    epidermis
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    and contains major structures and
  • 00:08:35
    functions for the skin
  • 00:08:37
    within a framework of elastic connective
  • 00:08:39
    tissue
  • 00:08:42
    and third the subcutaneous fascia
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    or hypodermis which is the innermost
  • 00:08:48
    layer
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    next we covered the hair whose main
  • 00:08:53
    function is to protect the skin
  • 00:08:56
    and the third major part of the
  • 00:08:58
    integumentary system is the nails
  • 00:09:00
    which serve the fingers and toes as
  • 00:09:03
    protective plates and enhance the
  • 00:09:05
    sensation
  • 00:09:06
    of fingertip or toe tip
  • 00:09:09
    in our next video we will be covering
  • 00:09:11
    the functions of the integumentary
  • 00:09:13
    system
  • 00:09:14
    thanks for watching and we'll see you
  • 00:09:15
    again in part two
  • 00:09:27
    you
Tags
  • integumentary system
  • skin
  • hair
  • nails
  • epidermis
  • dermis
  • hypodermis
  • sweat glands
  • keratin
  • temperature regulation