SHS Earth and Life Science Q1 Ep6: Relative & Absolute Dating and Geologic Timeline

00:22:23
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Za_rh5HkRk

Résumé

TLDRThis educational video is intended for Grade 11 students studying Earth and Life Science. It explores significant topics such as the geologic time scale, relative and absolute dating, and the geological timeline. The lesson includes understanding major divisions in the geologic time scale like eons, periods, and epochs, and how these divisions align with significant earth events. It also explains fossils, different types of fossils, and their role in indicating geological history. Viewers are encouraged to recall prior knowledge, actively listen during the lesson, and take notes to understand concepts better. The presenters share information on the dating methods of rocks, evidence from fossils, and the impact of historic Earth's events.

A retenir

  • 🕰️ Geologic time scale helps us understand Earth's history through rocks and fossils.
  • 🦴 Fossils provide valuable evidence about past life and geologic events.
  • ⏳ Relative and absolute dating methods are crucial in understanding geological timelines.
  • 🌍 Earth's history is divided into significant eras, such as Mesozoic and Cenozoic.
  • 🧭 Index fossils help correlate geologic timelines across different regions.
  • 🦕 Dinosaurs existed during the Mesozoic era, which is marked by vast geological changes.
  • 💡 Fossilization is the process turning ancient remains into rock.
  • 📰 The geologic record serves as a timeline for Earth’s historical events.
  • 🔍 The study of rock layers and fossils aid geologists in piecing together Earth’s past.
  • 📚 True form, mold, cast, and trace are the main types of fossils studied.

Chronologie

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    The session begins with an introduction by the host, inviting students to explore Earth's history. The lesson is tailored for Grade 11 students, focusing on understanding the geologic time scale and different dating methods. Objectives include characterizing divisions of geologic time and understanding fossils’ role in history. Students are encouraged to recall previous knowledge and prepare materials for note-taking.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    The host engages the audience with a scenario involving a meteor to introduce types of rocks where fossils form, emphasizing sedimentary rocks. They introduce questions about who studies fossils (paleontologists) and the process of fossilization. Concepts of geologic time are introduced, hinting at the Mesozoic era and emphasizing the significance of understanding Earth's history.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:15:00

    Discussions move to the significance of geologic studies, explaining how Earth's events have shaped the present. Fossils and rock samples help understand historical events. The host explains the geologic time scale, detailing how it’s divided into eons, eras, periods, and epochs. It highlights various eons like Hadean and Proterozoic, and events of the Paleozoic and Cenozoic eras, including life development and extinction events.

  • 00:15:00 - 00:22:23

    The session transitions to the use of rock and fossil evidence in understanding Earth’s geologic time scale. Various types of fossils and their significance are discussed: true form, mold, cast, and trace fossils. Fossils serve as time indicators, specifically index fossils, linked to certain geological periods. A paleontologist guides them back to the present using a portal, reinforcing fossil study's importance in learning Earth's history.

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Carte mentale

Mind Map

Questions fréquemment posées

  • What is a geologic time scale?

    A geologic time scale is a system that describes the age of rocks, fossils, and events that form them, divided into eons, periods, and epochs.

  • What type of rocks are fossils made of?

    Fossils are typically found in sedimentary rocks.

  • Who studies fossils and ancient life?

    A paleontologist studies fossils and ancient life.

  • What process turns ancient living remains into rock?

    Fossilization is the process by which ancient living remains are turned into rock.

  • What are the four types of fossils mentioned in the video?

    The four types of fossils are true form fossils, mold fossils, cast fossils, and trace fossils.

  • What is a trace fossil?

    Trace fossils, or ethnofossils, include footprints, eggs, nests, and animal droppings.

  • What are index fossils?

    Index fossils are used in correlating rocks of similar ages in different regions and are associated with a particular span of geologic time.

  • How do fossils help scientists?

    Fossils help scientists understand Earth's history, life forms, and past climates.

  • What eras are discussed in the video?

    The video discusses the Mesozoic, Paleozoic, and Cenozoic eras.

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  • 00:00:00
    [Music]
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    [Music]
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    hello scientists
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    i am gonzon teacher paul gonzone
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    [Music]
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    and i am now we are
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    your adventure partners well partner
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    i think this lesson for sure will be
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    doubled
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    in fun and dirty
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    [Music]
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    [Music]
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    come and join us as we blast off the
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    time machine
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    for you learning come on start the
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    machine
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    hurry
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    [Music]
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    come on and join us and let our earth
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    imagineer our lesson
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    is for you to master the nature of earth
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    and life science
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    intended for grade 11 senior high school
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    today we will teleport to the past
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    exploring the geologic time scale
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    relative
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    and absolute dating and geologic
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    timeline
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    for us to be guided in our lessons here
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    are our objectives
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    one name and characterize each major
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    division
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    and subdivision in the geologic time
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    scale and describe
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    how relative and absolute dating provide
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    evidence of geologic history
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    number two define fossils in each type
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    and determine how they are used to track
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    geologic history
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    before we proceed here are our reminders
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    check your prior knowledge of the lesson
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    from your junior high school science
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    subject
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    listen and pay attention to the details
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    and bring with you your paper and pen
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    for jotting down the important concepts
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    in our lessons
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    [Music]
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    where did you take us
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    oh i really don't know
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    what is that
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    oh that is nothing
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    perhaps
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    hey that's a meteor
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    it looks beautiful
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    and it's coming this way do something
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    wait what if we see the t-rex again
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    mom say we're gonna need to answer some
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    questions again
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    what come on what are the questions
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    quick it's getting closer
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    what type of rocks are fossils made of
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    a igneous rock b
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    sedimentary rock c metamorphic rock
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    d all of the above
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    the answer is b sedimentary rock
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    am i right cool
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    [Music]
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    what do you call the person who studies
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    fossils
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    and ancient life a
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    biologist b
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    archaeologist c
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    anthropologist d
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    paleontologist
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    what do you think is the answer
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    hurry
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    oh yes you got it it's letter d
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    paleontologist
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    what do you call the process by which
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    the remains of ancient living things
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    are turned into rock
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    a fertilization b
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    fossilization c
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    fragmentation and d
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    metamorphosis
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    [Music]
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    whoa this one is easy right
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    the correct answer is fossilization
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    letter b
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    what a relief look at the size of that
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    thing
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    sir paul since you paused the meteor
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    from striking
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    do you have any idea where we are i
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    think
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    we're a long way from our present time
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    gee
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    you think i think we are in the mesozoic
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    era
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    era do you know what she's talking about
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    adventurers
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    yes era have you heard about the earth's
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    history
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    through its geologic records and
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    timeline
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    oh i remember earth's
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    history including its rock strata the
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    rock studies
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    and discoveries as well as the fossils
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    are preserved
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    in one of the most important materials
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    known as geologic record
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    the geologic time scale is a very
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    important concept in geology
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    because it serves as a standard timeline
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    that is used to describe the age of
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    rocks
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    fossils and events that form them
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    correct knowing about how life began in
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    the past
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    and the events and principles behind
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    earth's history
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    enables us to better adapt to the
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    changes or consequences
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    that we might encounter or experience in
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    the near future
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    as a part of the new generation we
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    should be appreciative
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    and accepting of that fact that all the
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    things that are present
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    in our time are the outcomes of earth's
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    history
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    so you mean this nature that's about to
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    destroy all the living things
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    during this time is a good thing because
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    it is a part of the earth's past
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    just imagine your present life living
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    with dinosaurs right
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    no hey wake up
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    they're waiting for our next adventure
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    built learning come on
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    adventurers do you still remember our
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    previous topic
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    on relative and absolute dating
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    we will need your help to identify the
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    things that happened in our related past
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    experiences
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    here are the four scenarios that have
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    happened earlier
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    can you help me to identify the correct
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    sequence of the following events
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    for us to determine which scenario
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    brought us to this exact location
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    that we are in right now let's start
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    the first thing to happen is perez
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    run away because of the t-rex how about
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    the second one
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    oh yes so a miniature in the sky
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    very good the third one is
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    use the portal to go to another time in
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    the past
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    and last imagine the t-rex
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    very good see now i know you're all
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    paying attention
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    the lesson here is that all of the
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    things that have happened in the past
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    has led us to our future this
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    is how geologists studied the history of
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    our planet
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    by finding clues and specific scenarios
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    where can we find those clues well
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    my partner will explain it to you
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    partner
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    since the beginning geologists have been
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    studying the earth to unwrap the secrets
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    of the past they have been analyzing
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    rough
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    samples gathered from different
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    continents in the world
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    including its layers and its correlation
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    to fossils
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    this is the clue that sir paul was
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    talking about
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    earlier it all comes down to rock
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    samples
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    with evidence from the past
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    sir paul let's discuss the contents
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    of the geologic time scale to our
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    adventurers
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    sure for a long time now
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    geologists have been studying the earth
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    to interrupt the secrets of the past
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    they have been analyzing rock samples
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    gathered from different continents in
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    the world
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    including its layers and its correlation
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    to fossils
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    this helps in relating the sequence of
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    events
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    in the earth's history which is clearly
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    represented
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    in the geologic time scale
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    the geologic time scale is divided into
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    a series
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    of time intervals which are equal and
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    left
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    these time intervals are different from
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    that of a clock
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    they are divided according to the
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    significant events
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    in the history of the earth such as the
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    mass extinction
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    of a large population of fauna and flora
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    the table represents the division of
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    geologic time
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    in earth's history that are separated
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    into eons
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    periods and epochs the earth's age
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    which is 4.6 billion years is separated
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    into different spans of time
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    to clearly indicate the events aeons are
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    the largest slices of time
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    ranging from half a billion to two
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    billion years long
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    there are four eons in the geologic time
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    scale
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    archaean proterozoic and phanerozoic
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    aeon
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    that's correct the hadian archaean
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    and proterozoic eons belong to the first
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    super eon called the vercambrian eon
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    which accounts for 88 of the earth's
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    history
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    the earliest eon is known as the hadian
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    polyzoic era fossils of tribalites and
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    brachiopods were found preserved in
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    layers of sedimentary rocks
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    the first animal to succeed in adopting
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    itself
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    to breathe air were the amphibians
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    marine life also developed and became
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    more abundant
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    and with a greater variety of forms
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    different types of plants and firms
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    grew during this era it was believed
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    that the remains of these plants
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    formed the huge pole deposits in many
  • 00:11:56
    parts of the world
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    scientists discovered footprints
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    eggs bones and other fossils
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    of reptiles that existed during
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    this era it is believed
  • 00:12:11
    that the largest creatures that existed
  • 00:12:14
    during this era
  • 00:12:16
    were the dinosaurs and that they were
  • 00:12:19
    the descendants
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    of the primitive reptiles however
  • 00:12:24
    a recent theory suggests that they were
  • 00:12:27
    descended
  • 00:12:28
    from birds rather than reptiles
  • 00:12:32
    reptiles are believed to be the first
  • 00:12:34
    true terrestrial vertebrates
  • 00:12:37
    that existed and flourished during this
  • 00:12:39
    era
  • 00:12:41
    the only surviving reptiles today are
  • 00:12:44
    snakes
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    crocodiles turtles and lizards
  • 00:12:50
    cenozoic era different warm-blooded
  • 00:12:52
    animals like marsupials and primitive
  • 00:12:55
    mammals
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    existed on the land then they develop
  • 00:12:58
    into modern horses
  • 00:13:00
    and birds during this period humans left
  • 00:13:03
    their mark on lan
  • 00:13:05
    some of the earliest records of humans
  • 00:13:07
    were stone tools
  • 00:13:10
    partner are you hearing that
  • 00:13:13
    someone's calling from the portal
  • 00:13:21
    hello i am professor stone a
  • 00:13:23
    paleontologist
  • 00:13:24
    and the inventor of this portal i am
  • 00:13:27
    very happy that you were able to use it
  • 00:13:29
    to travel from the past
  • 00:13:31
    hello professor we're glad to meet you
  • 00:13:36
    and i think we're stuck here
  • 00:13:39
    can you teleport us to the present time
  • 00:13:43
    sure that would be easy enough to do
  • 00:13:46
    stand still and we will travel to the
  • 00:13:48
    present time
  • 00:13:52
    welcome to the present time adventurers
  • 00:13:55
    we
  • 00:13:55
    are here in the museum fossils
  • 00:13:59
    wow this is great based on my readings
  • 00:14:03
    scientists like you professor stone made
  • 00:14:06
    use of
  • 00:14:07
    information derived from all of these
  • 00:14:10
    fossils
  • 00:14:11
    in order to define and identify
  • 00:14:14
    different subdivisions
  • 00:14:15
    in the geologic time scale fossils
  • 00:14:19
    are the remnants or traces of organisms
  • 00:14:23
    of a past geologic age that is right
  • 00:14:26
    ma'am here in the museum you will find
  • 00:14:29
    different
  • 00:14:30
    types of fossils they are classified
  • 00:14:32
    into four types
  • 00:14:34
    which are based on their formations we
  • 00:14:36
    have
  • 00:14:37
    true form fossils mold fossils
  • 00:14:42
    cast fossils trace fossils
  • 00:14:46
    or ethnofossils oh
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    yes i know about those fossils
  • 00:14:55
    i think this one is a true form
  • 00:14:58
    fossil look the entire animal
  • 00:15:02
    is trapped and preserved in tar or
  • 00:15:05
    ice this one is a hollow impression of a
  • 00:15:08
    living thing
  • 00:15:09
    on a rock it shows that the mold
  • 00:15:12
    reflects the shape
  • 00:15:14
    and the markings of the organism
  • 00:15:17
    yes it is a mold fossil
  • 00:15:21
    look sir paul this one is somewhat
  • 00:15:24
    related
  • 00:15:25
    to what you have there this fossil
  • 00:15:29
    was created when a mold fossil was
  • 00:15:32
    filled with minerals it hardened
  • 00:15:36
    and developed a replica coming from the
  • 00:15:39
    original this is a cast fossil
  • 00:15:45
    are those animal droppings
  • 00:15:48
    yes they are these are called trace
  • 00:15:52
    fossils or ethno-fossils
  • 00:15:55
    aside from animal droppings this type of
  • 00:15:58
    fossil can be footprints
  • 00:16:00
    eggs or nests of animals wow
  • 00:16:04
    you really did your research about these
  • 00:16:06
    things huh
  • 00:16:07
    well to add to what you have said
  • 00:16:09
    remember that fossils are considered as
  • 00:16:11
    time indicators
  • 00:16:13
    they are used in cognitive rocks of
  • 00:16:15
    similar ages
  • 00:16:16
    in different regions they are called
  • 00:16:18
    index fossils and they
  • 00:16:20
    are associated with a particular span of
  • 00:16:22
    geologic time
  • 00:16:24
    thank you so much professor stone that
  • 00:16:27
    gives us
  • 00:16:28
    information about fossils yes
  • 00:16:31
    and it's clear to us that earth's
  • 00:16:33
    history can be uncovered
  • 00:16:35
    by studying the different types of
  • 00:16:38
    fossils
  • 00:16:39
    oh no problem i think i need to go now
  • 00:16:43
    see you adventurers enjoy your
  • 00:16:46
    expiration
  • 00:16:48
    goodbye this time
  • 00:16:51
    i will be telling a story which help us
  • 00:16:54
    understand
  • 00:16:55
    our lesson for today this is written
  • 00:16:59
    by patty fetches are you ready
  • 00:17:02
    okay listen very carefully
  • 00:17:06
    imagine you are hiking
  • 00:17:10
    in the woods as you walk up a steep
  • 00:17:13
    hill you find a fossil
  • 00:17:17
    it is a mold of many tiny seashells
  • 00:17:21
    what would seashells be doing in the
  • 00:17:24
    middle of the woods
  • 00:17:26
    most fossils are found in sedimentary
  • 00:17:29
    rocks
  • 00:17:30
    these rocks form on the surface
  • 00:17:34
    of the earth they record the processes
  • 00:17:36
    that have happened
  • 00:17:37
    on the surface including life
  • 00:17:40
    scientists are able to arrange fossils
  • 00:17:44
    according to age this is called
  • 00:17:47
    the fossil record by studying the fossil
  • 00:17:51
    record
  • 00:17:52
    scientists have found that the earth and
  • 00:17:55
    its life forms
  • 00:17:56
    have gone through many changes in the
  • 00:17:59
    past
  • 00:18:00
    fossils have taught us how and when rock
  • 00:18:04
    layers
  • 00:18:05
    have formed they have also helped
  • 00:18:07
    scientists
  • 00:18:09
    learn about life forms that have come
  • 00:18:11
    and gone
  • 00:18:13
    fossils have even taught us about the
  • 00:18:16
    climate of the earth
  • 00:18:17
    long ago the geologic time scale
  • 00:18:22
    is divided into huge blocks of time
  • 00:18:25
    called eras eras
  • 00:18:29
    are defined by major changes in the
  • 00:18:31
    fossil found
  • 00:18:32
    in the sedimentary rock layers that were
  • 00:18:35
    formed
  • 00:18:36
    during those time spans
  • 00:18:39
    now after hearing the story let us
  • 00:18:42
    answer the following questions
  • 00:18:44
    get your paper and pen for you to copy
  • 00:18:46
    the questions
  • 00:18:48
    don't worry if you cannot answer it
  • 00:18:50
    right away because you can watch this
  • 00:18:52
    episode again on tepidtv youtube channel
  • 00:18:56
    are you ready here are the questions
  • 00:19:00
    number one what type of rocks
  • 00:19:03
    are fossils made of number two
  • 00:19:07
    how do scientists arrange discovered
  • 00:19:10
    fossils
  • 00:19:12
    number three how have fossils
  • 00:19:15
    helped and taught scientists about
  • 00:19:18
    the history of the earth number four
  • 00:19:22
    aside from the geological aspect what
  • 00:19:25
    other aspects can be predicted by
  • 00:19:28
    guide fossils
  • 00:19:31
    after answering those questions ask your
  • 00:19:34
    parents
  • 00:19:35
    guardians or friends to assess your work
  • 00:19:40
    good job adventurers another episode of
  • 00:19:44
    earth and life science
  • 00:19:45
    was unlocked today come on sir paul
  • 00:19:49
    let's go back to our place sure mom shay
  • 00:19:53
    but wait here is a recap number one
  • 00:19:57
    the dating of rock formation is based on
  • 00:20:00
    relative
  • 00:20:00
    and absolute dating number two
  • 00:20:03
    earth's history may be described through
  • 00:20:06
    a geologic time scale
  • 00:20:08
    number three information and evidence
  • 00:20:11
    about the earth's past
  • 00:20:13
    can be taken from fossils some fossils
  • 00:20:16
    are identified
  • 00:20:17
    as endx fossils which are associated
  • 00:20:19
    with particular span of geologic time
  • 00:20:23
    do you want to know more about our
  • 00:20:24
    planet more features
  • 00:20:26
    and fun-filled experiences on the
  • 00:20:29
    planet.harvard's life
  • 00:20:31
    imagine earth
  • 00:20:46
    imagineer
  • 00:20:49
    [Music]
  • 00:22:22
    you
Tags
  • geologic time scale
  • fossils
  • Earth history
  • sedimentary rocks
  • dating methods
  • eons
  • paleontology