00:00:00
what do real aliens look like we know
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that life on Earth is incredibly diverse
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and exists in the strangest and most
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extreme places from Blue Dragon sea
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slugs to I eyes or CRI of Malon snails
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with shells of iron or whatever this is
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supposed to
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be let's use our imagination and real
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science to travel to three possible
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worlds each more alien than the next put
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on your future science suit and enter
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the ptal to witness wonders never seen
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before the eye of
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oculus this is the red dwarf star Oculus
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five times smaller than our sun and a
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lot less bright a bit larger than Earth
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but orbiting its star 20 times closer
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you see the ice hell of the planet iper
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it's Tiddly locked so one side
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experiences a never- Ending night and
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the other an eternal day lit by the
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Stars dim glow in the region facing the
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dim Stars directly temperatures are warm
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and pleasant the hell of ice has melted
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into a shallow Black Ocean the eye of
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iper about the size of Europe barely 200
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M at its deepest points churned by a
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NeverEnding storm where hot air meets
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The Frigid winds from the icy outskirts
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but below this inhospitable chaos we
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find calm stability an ecosystem in
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almost perfect balance let's dive in
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instead of meeting Open Water we Splash
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into a floating underwater jungle we
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know places like this are hoe kelp
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forests made from seaweeds up to 65 M
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long Sheltering countless smaller
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creatures on Earth we get abundant white
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sunlight so our plants evolve to be
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green absorbing the most useful red
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wavelengths for photosynthesis and
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reflecting away the rest but Oculus
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shines not nearly as bright and its dim
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rays are even further DED by the storm
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so here plants are a deep black to make
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use of the weak infar leftovers which
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also gives the eye of iper its striking
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black color over billions of years the
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jungle has occupied all possible space
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in the eye its roots extend deep into
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the seabed mud anchoring them and
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providing access to nutrients they drop
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their seat in the few free spaces in the
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mud only death makes room for New Life
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big and streamlined teardrop-shaped
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creatures push through the Dark Water
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they kind of look like fish just like
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many sea creatures on Earth their shape
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is optimized for the lowest drag when
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traveling through water like underwater
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cattle they lazily swim through the
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forest grazing on leaves in peace
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suddenly a patch of Strang looking
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leaves begins to move and wraps around a
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distracted Grazer dragging it down into
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hungry Jaws a predator that's had eons
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to adapt its camouflage to fool its prey
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but not only by imitating leaves both
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Hunter and prey never Evol involved eyes
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in this dark underwater MC instead they
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do battle with sounds and textures
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listen there's a whole cacophony down
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here countless species are singing to
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each other sending warnings or
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invitations forming a collective song
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like the noisy jungles of Earth except
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how monkeys and screaming peers are
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replaced by chattering seed eaters
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poking at the mud with snapping pinces
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squeaking Spike bulbs loaded with poison
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and the flailing fins of starfish-shaped
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Grabbers hunting small prey beautiful
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and unsettling in this stable and never
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changing ecosystem their music will
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never end for billions of years you seem
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to have been noticed and blind creepers
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are crawling towards you you want to
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explore this world not become part of it
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so it's time to
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leave the clouds of
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nimbus you're immersed in the blinding
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light of the B type star culus shining
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Hot and Blue orbited by a dozen lava
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planets burned to a crisp but we'll
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visit the last planet Nimbus a gas giant
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very much like Neptune in size and
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composition except there's a lot more
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water and seething hot kyus showers it
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with 900 times more light than Neptune
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so its atmosphere is warm enough for
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gigantic white clouds the size of
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countries to be lofted upwards by Titan
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tanic warm updrafts rising from the hazy
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depths millions of years ago and
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astonishingly quickly life emerged and
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evolved inside tiny water droplets
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deeper down in the planet like
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extremophile microbes on Earth they
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found ways of breathing methane and
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using exotic enzymes to harvest sulfur
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and nitrogen compounds from the air as
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kyus grew hotter and brighter the higher
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altitudes of nimbus became habitable and
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lifes spread let's dive into to the
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gigantic white clouds to meet it up here
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live quadrillions of tiny beings a kind
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of cloud Plankton so small they're
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carried on the gentlest air currents the
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most common type resembles flat
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four-legged spiders barely a millimet
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white tinted yellow by The sulfur they
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consume they gain lift with wispy
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electrostatic threads thinner than
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spider silk pulling on the charge
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differences between the top and bottom
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of the cloud oceans a technique zyus
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crab spiders used use to travel great
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distances on Earth you're just in time
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for Mating Season billions of cloud
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Plankton gather to join their threads
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into huge parachutes that ride updrafts
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for hundreds of
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kilometers here in the hot Heights they
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hatch their eggs before their life comes
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to an end other tiny creatures latch on
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most of them Predators looking to Feast
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on fresh young Lings but not all life on
00:05:55
Nimbus is Tiny the other way to stay up
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in the sky forever is to become a living
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balloon like the enormous Sky whales
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taller than a skyscraper almost
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completely made of a wafer thin membrane
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they heat up trapped gases making them
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less dense than the air around them
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giving them buoyancy the bigger their
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gas envelope the more lift it produces
00:06:18
so Sky whales evolve to be as large as
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possible only a lumpy car-sized
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spherical bag of organs hangs at its
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bottom heating up all this gas requires
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a lot of energy so it's time to
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feed the spherical body opens up
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unfolding and lowering a huge sticky net
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into the white clouds on Earth the
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largest animals to ever exist blue
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whales feed by filtering millions of
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tiny Krill each day similarly the sky
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Wales of nimbus filter Sky Plankton out
00:06:48
of the clouds most is consumed right
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away and burned in specialized glands to
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generate heat the rest is converted into
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an orange and energy dense nectar for
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later
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this nectar is the most valuable
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resource on Nimbus numerous predators
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are looking for it but none so hungrily
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as the Frog sized jet squids
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evolutionary cousins of the whales
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several of them Trail each Sky whale
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waiting for it to be distracted or
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sleepy after a succulent meal jet squids
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are far less efficient floaters but
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they're able to superheat and expel
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gases in short bursts like a rocket like
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vampiric hummingbirds their long and
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pointy beaks try to pierce their prey
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and lap up some of the nectar inide
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unlike in the stable Eye iper Life on
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Nimbus is doomed B type stars like kulus
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live for a few hundred million years at
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most and this time is coming to its end
00:07:45
soon it will be burning through its fuel
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at an astounding rate and violently burn
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our gas giant life on Nimbus is only 600
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million years old and has barely 10
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million years left is this tragic or is
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this unique ecosystem lucky to have
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existed in the first place something to
00:08:03
ponder As you move on before your
00:08:05
jetpack runs out of
00:08:06
fuel a Fatal
00:08:09
Attraction orad is a yass brown dwarf 13
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times more massive than Jupiter and with
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a magnetic field 60 times stronger it
00:08:18
belongs to the yellow star sturgeon
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which is about to disappear behind aed's
00:08:22
Shadow but you're interested in Monier
00:08:25
one of orad's many moons it should get
00:08:28
as much sunlight as our Earth but its
00:08:30
3-hour orbit around the brown dwarf
00:08:31
means its days are extremely short
00:08:34
gravity here is a mere 5% of Earth so
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the moon can only hold on to a thin
00:08:38
carbon dioxide atmosphere that doesn't
00:08:40
retain much heat so its average
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temperature is far below freezing as its
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cold night begins a chill descends on
00:08:48
Monier and dry ice snow falls from the
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sky a green blue and red Aurora
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illuminates the landscape made from Star
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plasma caught in aed's magnetic field
00:08:59
and striking moner's atmosphere the
00:09:02
sturgeon system was born from a nebula
00:09:04
saturated with Metals so iron and Lead
00:09:07
are abundant in this frigid cold chalk
00:09:10
full of toxic minerals life found unique
00:09:13
ways to make the best of a bad situation
00:09:16
by using ammonia instead of water which
00:09:18
would freeze in the short nights and by
00:09:21
incorporating magnetized minerals and
00:09:24
ard's magnetic field into its biology on
00:09:28
Earth species like obers or bees have
00:09:30
learned to sense magnetic fields but
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life on Monier takes it to a whole other
00:09:35
level as sturgeon Rises and its red Rays
00:09:38
filter through orad's cresant a yellow
00:09:41
glow rushes over the horizon the
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snowfall stops and temperatures quickly
00:09:45
rise the ground creeks and multicolored
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liquids trickle out from fishes all
00:09:50
around you cryo volcanism just like on
00:09:53
Jupiter's moon Europa brittle seaming
00:09:56
bundles start to unspoil and climb off
00:09:58
the ground towards the bright star like
00:10:02
Arctic flowers on Earth sprouting in the
00:10:04
short summer these plants don't have a
00:10:06
minute of daytime to waste their
00:10:09
blossoms are saturated with Magnetic
00:10:11
minerals making use of the extreme
00:10:13
magnetism and low gravity to levitate
00:10:15
reaching up to a kilometer into the sky
00:10:17
extending the sunset for as long as
00:10:20
possible hey don't touch them with a
00:10:23
loud crack the sky flower detaches
00:10:25
itself from the ground and drifts Out Of
00:10:28
Reach suddenly your surrounded hundreds
00:10:31
of shiny Critters Zoom by they look like
00:10:34
ice skating snails and can Circle Monier
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faster than the sunset from their head
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they extend two long stalks that are
00:10:41
electrically conductive and merge up top
00:10:44
a magnetic kite that drags them along
00:10:46
the surface at breathtaking speeds the
00:10:49
skaters formed a symbiotic relationship
00:10:52
with photosynthetic purple
00:10:54
microorganisms that live in their
00:10:56
shells these biological solar panels
00:10:59
produce sugars that they share with the
00:11:01
skaters in exchange for continuous
00:11:03
Starlight if the skaters ever stop they
00:11:06
risk their Partners freezing and death
00:11:09
by
00:11:10
starvation the harmonic scenery is
00:11:12
violently interrupted as the ground
00:11:14
splinters open and a spiked metal claw
00:11:17
grabs a skater and crushes it it belongs
00:11:20
to an animal that looks like a cross
00:11:21
between a sea lion and a beetle as it
00:11:24
devours its prey it gets covered in pink
00:11:26
and sparkly fluids these ambushes hide
00:11:29
in the crystalline ground spreading an
00:11:31
array of electrically sensitive whiskers
00:11:33
that they use to detect their prey and
00:11:35
strike just as they Zoom by like living
00:11:38
landmines that could be buried
00:11:40
everywhere maybe you should end your
00:11:42
stroll the darkness will return soon
00:11:45
it's time to return home back home earth
00:11:50
warm and pleasant it's good to be home
00:11:53
in the environment you and all other
00:11:56
life that's not made up evolved in but
00:11:59
who knows if you look up with a
00:12:00
countless flickering lights there may be
00:12:03
countless strange worlds home to life
00:12:05
Stranger than anything you've seen
00:12:07
scientific speculation is fun but also
00:12:10
useful giving us ideas about what we
00:12:12
should look out for and who knows maybe
00:12:15
in a few thousand years our descendants
00:12:18
may actually visit exotic oceans fly
00:12:20
over white clouds the size of continents
00:12:23
or pet metallic animals and maybe just
00:12:26
maybe even talk to others like us
00:12:29
who are also marveling at all The
00:12:31
Strange Life in our
00:12:35
universe want to go beyond imagining
00:12:37
aliens and start uncovering real secrets
00:12:40
of the cosmos our friends of brilliant
00:12:43
can hand you the keys to unlocking new
00:12:45
insights right from the comfort of your
00:12:47
own Planet brilliant will make you a
00:12:49
better thinker and Problem Solver with
00:12:51
thousands of Hands-On bite-size lessons
00:12:54
on just about anything you may be
00:12:55
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00:12:57
world around us to Big Concepts in AI
00:13:00
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only gain knowledge of key Concepts
00:13:10
you'll learn to apply them to real world
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00:13:14
intelligent in intelligent life we've
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also partnered with brilliant to create
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these lessons let you further explore
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00:13:25
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00:13:31
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alien species brilliant helps you learn
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subscription welcome to the ktz kazak
00:14:18
lab let's conduct a few Stellar
00:14:21
experiments we'll first add some more
00:14:23
mass to this Proto star more a bit more
00:14:28
wow we just created a blue giant a star
00:14:31
with 10 times the mass of our sun let's
00:14:34
now add a couple of million years and
00:14:35
see what happens a supernova
00:14:39
breathtaking and look it leaves behind a
00:14:42
black hole fascinating stuff now we
00:14:46
record our findings be careful to
00:14:49
preserve the sparkle it's now time for
00:14:52
Duck's final inspection this one is
00:14:54
always a nailbiter he has incredibly
00:14:56
high standards luckily for us our work
00:14:59
is scientifically accurate offers an
00:15:01
overview of important astrophysical
00:15:03
processes and is a real stunner duck
00:15:07
approves looks like it's ready to be
00:15:09
shared with the world as a poster a very
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special piece of quartz gazal you can
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take home and touch you can get this
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being a part of our story and for making
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[Music]
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[Music]
