Hydrolysis of ATP

00:03:30
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yipg4WKMOzg

概要

TLDRThe video discusses ATP hydrolysis, a process where ATP is converted into ADP, releasing energy. It details the structure of ATP, which includes a ribose sugar, adenine base, and three phosphate groups, and explains how water molecules interact with ATP during hydrolysis. This interaction leads to the destabilization of the phosphate group and the formation of ADP and an inorganic phosphate. The video emphasizes how the breaking of bonds during this process releases energy and contributes to resonance stabilization of the inorganic phosphate, resulting in a stable configuration.

収穫

  • 💡 ATP hydrolysis converts ATP to ADP and releases energy.
  • 🔍 ATP structure includes ribose, adenine, and three phosphates.
  • 💧 Water is crucial for ATP hydrolysis, enabling bond breakdown.
  • ⚡ The process is exergonic, meaning it releases energy.
  • 🔗 Unstable phosphate groups play a key role in releasing energy.

タイムライン

  • 00:00:00 - 00:03:30

    Seher from Easy Peasy introduces the topic of ATP hydrolysis, explaining that the conversion of ATP to ADP releases energy and is exergonic. She describes the structure of ATP, which comprises ribose sugar, adenine base, and three phosphate groups. The negative charge of -4 represents the overall charge due to the four negatively charged oxygens present in ATP. Hydrolysis involves water molecules, which interact with ATP as oxygen's lone pair enables a reaction with the phosphate group, destabilizing it. The resulting break in the bond releases ADP and an inorganic phosphate, which undergoes ionization and resonance stabilization, ultimately freeing energy.

マインドマップ

ビデオQ&A

  • What is ATP hydrolysis?

    ATP hydrolysis is the conversion of ATP into ADP, releasing energy in the process.

  • What are the components of ATP?

    ATP consists of a ribose sugar, adenine nitrogenous base, and three phosphate groups.

  • What role does water play in ATP hydrolysis?

    Water molecules interact with ATP, allowing the oxygen in water to attack the phosphate group, facilitating the breakdown.

  • What happens to the phosphate group during hydrolysis?

    The phosphate group becomes unstable and breaks off during hydrolysis, leading to the formation of ADP and inorganic phosphate.

  • How does ATP hydrolysis release energy?

    The breaking of bonds in ATP releases energy as it converts to a more stable form (ADP and inorganic phosphate).

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  • 00:00:05
    hello friends this is seher from easy
  • 00:00:08
    peasy and the topic that we are going to
  • 00:00:11
    discuss today is called as atp
  • 00:00:14
    hydrolysis so if we say that atp is
  • 00:00:17
    converting into adp
  • 00:00:20
    that process is called as hydrolysis and
  • 00:00:23
    as it is going to release energy so the
  • 00:00:25
    reaction is exergonic
  • 00:00:28
    now let's see how atp is converting
  • 00:00:31
    itself into adp
  • 00:00:33
    so we have adenosine triphosphate here
  • 00:00:36
    and we already know the structure of atp
  • 00:00:39
    from the last video
  • 00:00:40
    if you didn't watch the last video the
  • 00:00:42
    link will be given in the description
  • 00:00:44
    box
  • 00:00:45
    so this atp has a ribose sugar attached
  • 00:00:49
    itself with adenine nitrogenous base
  • 00:00:52
    and three phosphate group that's why it
  • 00:00:55
    is called as atp
  • 00:00:57
    now this negative 4 is basically the
  • 00:01:00
    charge present on each oxygen so we can
  • 00:01:02
    see there are four negative charge that
  • 00:01:05
    is why atp negative 4 is represented
  • 00:01:08
    here
  • 00:01:09
    now hydrolysis means that we need water
  • 00:01:12
    molecules so these are the water
  • 00:01:14
    molecules we are going to use
  • 00:01:16
    now each water molecule have oxygen that
  • 00:01:19
    is having two lone pairs on it and as we
  • 00:01:22
    know that water molecules make hydrogen
  • 00:01:24
    bonds with each other so these
  • 00:01:27
    intermolecular interactions can also
  • 00:01:30
    occur between these two water molecules
  • 00:01:33
    so if we say that this lone pair of this
  • 00:01:35
    oxygen is going to interact with
  • 00:01:38
    hydrogen over here
  • 00:01:40
    by this way this oxygen will get the
  • 00:01:42
    liberty to have its lone pair attack the
  • 00:01:46
    phosphate group present in atp molecule
  • 00:01:49
    now phosphate belongs to graphite
  • 00:01:52
    that is why it is making five bonds
  • 00:01:55
    two with this oxygen and one one with
  • 00:01:58
    these three oxygen so it cannot handle
  • 00:02:01
    the sixth bond that is created by this
  • 00:02:03
    oxygen now this phosphate group is
  • 00:02:06
    unstable so the electrons that are
  • 00:02:08
    sharing between this phosphate group and
  • 00:02:11
    oxygen will go back to the oxygen and
  • 00:02:14
    the bond will be break from here
  • 00:02:18
    and as a result we have adenosine
  • 00:02:20
    diphosphate with an inorganic phosphate
  • 00:02:24
    here from here the adenosine diphosphate
  • 00:02:27
    will go under the process called as
  • 00:02:29
    ionization
  • 00:02:30
    and will release this proton that is
  • 00:02:33
    attached with oxygen atom over here and
  • 00:02:36
    this inorganic phosphate will go under
  • 00:02:39
    the resonance stabilization
  • 00:02:42
    so this hydrogen is basically not
  • 00:02:44
    present with one oxygen
  • 00:02:46
    rather it is going to relocate itself
  • 00:02:49
    with all the oxygen and provide
  • 00:02:51
    stability to this inorganic phosphate
  • 00:02:54
    group here
  • 00:02:55
    with the release of free energy
  • 00:02:58
    that's it for now thank you very much
  • 00:03:01
    for watching this video
  • 00:03:03
    take care bye for now
  • 00:03:17
    [Music]
  • 00:03:29
    you
タグ
  • ATP
  • ADP
  • hydrolysis
  • energy
  • phosphate
  • biochemistry
  • molecular structure
  • reaction
  • chemistry
  • resonance