What Makes the Wind

00:02:50
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uvMGB3G6X8

Resumo

TLDRDuane Friend from the University of Illinois Extension discusses the formation of wind, which is primarily caused by differences in air pressure. He explains that air has mass and that temperature variations affect air density, causing air to rise or sink and thus change air pressure. The Coriolis effect, resulting from the Earth's rotation, impacts wind direction, leading to distinct wind patterns like the Northeast Trades, Westerlies, and Polar Easterlies. These larger bands of prevailing winds are essential in determining local weather and wind direction.

Conclusões

  • 🌬️ Wind is caused by differences in air pressure.
  • 🌡️ Warm air expands and rises, creating low pressure.
  • ❄️ Cold air sinks, leading to high pressure.
  • 🌀 The Coriolis effect influences wind direction due to Earth's rotation.
  • 🏞️ Major wind patterns include Northeast Trades and Westerlies.
  • 📍 Local weather is affected by pressure systems.
  • 🗺️ Check weather maps for high and low pressure areas.

Linha do tempo

  • 00:00:00 - 00:02:50

    Duane Friend from the University of Illinois Extension explains that wind is created by differences in air pressure caused by variations in temperature. Warm air expands, reducing air pressure, while cold air sinks, increasing air pressure. Air flows from high to low pressure, creating wind. The Earth's rotation affects wind direction, described as the Coriolis effect, causing winds to rotate counter-clockwise around low-pressure systems and clockwise around high-pressure systems in the northern hemisphere. The major wind bands, such as the Northeast Trades and Westerlies, influence local weather patterns, which can be observed by analyzing weather maps for pressure features and prevailing wind directions.

Mapa mental

Vídeo de perguntas e respostas

  • What causes wind?

    Wind is caused by differences in air pressure.

  • How does temperature affect air pressure?

    Warmer temperatures cause air to expand and rise, decreasing air pressure, while colder temperatures cause air to sink and increase air pressure.

  • What is the Coriolis effect?

    The Coriolis effect is the influence of Earth's rotation on wind direction.

  • What are the major wind patterns?

    The major wind patterns include Northeast Trades, Westerlies, and Polar Easterlies.

  • How do local weather systems affect wind?

    Smaller pressure areas influence wind direction locally.

  • Where do the Northeast Trades originate?

    Northeast Trades originate near the equator.

  • Where do the Westerlies blow from?

    Westerlies blow from the west, halfway between the equator and the North Pole.

  • Which winds come from the east near the North Pole?

    The Polar Easterlies come from the east near the North Pole.

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  • 00:00:00
    This is Duane Friend with University of Illinois Extension.
  • 00:00:04
    We live in an ocean of air. That ocean of air moves
  • 00:00:07
    and we feel that movement as wind. What makes the wind?
  • 00:00:12
    The answer is because of differences in air pressure.
  • 00:00:15
    Air has mass or weight.
  • 00:00:19
    In fact, at sea level every square inch of area has almost 15 pounds of force
  • 00:00:24
    being exerted on it
  • 00:00:26
    due to this mass. However that
  • 00:00:29
    force can vary slightly. One reason it varies is because of temperature
  • 00:00:34
    when temperatures are warmer air expands
  • 00:00:38
    becomes less dense and rises decreasing air pressure.
  • 00:00:42
    Colder temperatures cause air to sink and compress
  • 00:00:46
    increasing air pressure. Other factors can make air rise or sink
  • 00:00:51
    and this can also cause high and low air pressure. With low air pressure air is
  • 00:00:57
    rising
  • 00:00:58
    to replace the rising air more air from the surrounding area must come in to
  • 00:01:03
    replace it.
  • 00:01:04
    Sinking air associated with high pressure
  • 00:01:07
    will spread out. So air will flow from high to low pressure
  • 00:01:13
    creating wind . Without other factors
  • 00:01:16
    air would flow directly from high to low pressure; however, on Earth
  • 00:01:21
    that doesn't exactly happen. Because the Earth spins
  • 00:01:25
    that motion is also given to the wind. This is called the Coriolis effect.
  • 00:01:30
    North of the equator this causes winds to move in a counter-clockwise motion
  • 00:01:36
    into low pressure and move in a clockwise motion
  • 00:01:39
    away from high pressure. Besides the little highs and lows you see on a weather map
  • 00:01:45
    there are large bands of high and low pressure across the earth.
  • 00:01:49
    In turn, this causes large bands of prevailing winds to be present across
  • 00:01:53
    the earth's surface.
  • 00:01:55
    These are also affected by the spin at the earth.
  • 00:01:59
    In the northern hemisphere near the equator
  • 00:02:02
    winds come from the northeast and are called the North East Trades.
  • 00:02:06
    Halfway between the equator in the North Pole
  • 00:02:10
    winds come out of the west and are called the Westerlies.
  • 00:02:13
    Near the North Pole winds come out at the east again
  • 00:02:17
    and are called the Polar Easterlies? Where do you live on earth
  • 00:02:21
    and what direction does your weather come from? You'll notice that it will be
  • 00:02:25
    mostly controlled by what major band winds you are in.
  • 00:02:29
    When you look at a weather map see where the highs and lows are located
  • 00:02:34
    and see what direction the winds are coming out of where you are at.
  • 00:02:38
    These smaller pressure areas will also affect wind direction on a more local basis.
  • 00:02:43
Etiquetas
  • wind
  • air pressure
  • Coriolis effect
  • weather patterns
  • temperature
  • pressure systems
  • prevailing winds
  • local weather