What is Hip Dysplasia?

The hip consists of the femur, socket, pelvis, and joint-related soft tissues. In a healthy hip, the femur's forces are evenly spread across the socket. However, hip dysplasia causes the socket to be too shallow, leading to increased pressure on a smaller area, known as static-overload, resulting in pain and potential damage. While the exact cause of hip dysplasia is unknown, it likely develops from birth rather than through sudden injuries. Over time, abnormal forces may deteriorate the hip's cartilage and labrum. Diagnosis involves a physical exam and imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs. Mild cases may respond to physical therapy, but surgery is usually necessary. A common surgical treatment is Peri Acetabular Osteotomy (PAO), where the socket is repositioned for better alignment with the femur, reducing pain and allowing most patients to resume physical activities.