00:00:36
the congregation shivered in the cold
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Melchior Dom echoed with the sounds of
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400 musicians and singers
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Napoleon Bonaparte was about to be
00:01:04
crowned emperor of France
00:01:09
if I have any ambition he said it is so
00:01:13
natural to me so intimately linked with
00:01:16
my existence that it is like the blood
00:01:19
that circulates in my veins
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it was December 2nd 1804 Napoleon was 35
00:01:32
years old his faith in his guiding star
00:01:36
had been justified riding the tide of
00:01:39
revolution that shook all of Europe the
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young lieutenant from Corsica had
00:01:44
ascended to the rank of general married
00:01:47
the woman he loved
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joséphine de Beauharnais and with
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victory after victory on the battlefield
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made himself the most powerful figure in
00:01:56
France
00:01:59
there's this young Corsican bringing
00:02:03
whole empires toppling Kings losing
00:02:05
their friends causing this magical
00:02:09
belief in him
00:02:14
an enormous presence coil-spring
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intensity like a bottom about to go off
00:02:24
when he entered a room
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it's not be so much he is ambition in
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motion a music or tapa see this time
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went by he only had confidence in
00:02:35
himself that video basically considered
00:02:38
himself invincible
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Napoleon mounted the steps to the altar
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alone
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seizing the crown in his own has he held
00:03:00
it aloft
00:03:05
then brought it to rest on his own
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as 1805 began Napoleon was planning to
00:03:41
cross the English Channel and invade
00:03:43
Great Britain with 2,000 ships and
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200,000 soldiers the French and British
00:03:51
writ war once again irreconcilable
00:03:54
enemies struggling for dominance
00:03:56
on the continent of Europe I think
00:03:59
Napoleon reckoned that if he got across
00:04:01
the channel his chances would have been
00:04:04
excellent and he was probably right
00:04:06
we had no army we had a pathetic army
00:04:08
and Napoleon seemed to be invincible as
00:04:10
he said if I'm master of the channel for
00:04:14
six hours are we master the world I will
00:04:19
take you to London he told his Empress
00:04:21
Josephine
00:04:22
I intend the wife of the modern Caesar
00:04:27
to be crowned in Westminster to the
00:04:32
British Napoleon seemed capable of
00:04:34
fantastic deeds he might fly over the
00:04:37
channel or dig a tunnel beneath it the
00:04:42
bogeyman or bony man as they called him
00:04:45
fight becoming any day we despised him
00:04:50
in the cartoons of the time or
00:04:51
incredibly vicious the purlins was
00:05:07
portrayed as a little Corsican upstart
00:05:09
and jazz fears of tart he was a little
00:05:16
dwarf facing the great might of the
00:05:19
British establishment on the other hand
00:05:24
mothers would tell their children
00:05:26
tonight if you don't say their prayers
00:05:28
Bernie will come and get you but
00:05:31
Napoleon needed ships to carry his men
00:05:33
across the channel and his fleet was no
00:05:36
match for the British the most powerful
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maritime force in the world the Royal
00:05:42
Navy was always there and Napoleon says
00:05:45
at one point in despair wherever I went
00:05:48
I always found the Royal Navy and by
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August of 1805 he realized that the
00:05:55
invasion of England was just not on
00:06:04
at the end of the summer
00:06:06
Napoleon paraded his soldiers along the
00:06:08
channel shore then to everyone's
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surprise ordered them to turn their
00:06:14
backs on England and march into Europe
00:06:19
Austria and Russia had joined Britain in
00:06:22
an alliance to destroy him already
00:06:26
tens of thousands of Russian soldiers
00:06:28
were lumbering forward to unite with
00:06:30
their Austrian allies Napoleon had
00:06:36
inherited the struggle begun over ten
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years before when revolutionary France
00:06:41
faced off against the Monarchs of Europe
00:06:43
who were determined to crush the
00:06:46
revolution before it spread napoleon
00:06:49
inherited this extraordinaire dynamism
00:06:51
leftover from the French Revolution
00:06:53
everybody who had a crowned head if it
00:06:56
will you know what happened to Louie the
00:06:58
sixteenth might happen to him you know /
00:07:00
you know presently napoleon represents
00:07:02
the revolution and the expansion of the
00:07:05
revolution not only the territorial
00:07:07
expansion but the expansion of
00:07:09
revolutionary ideas Napoleon goes into
00:07:12
Europe with his bayonet but also with
00:07:15
the civil code God Sevilla
00:07:21
restless after long months of waiting
00:07:24
his soldiers were eager to fight they
00:07:29
were superbly disciplined hardened
00:07:32
veterans of the wars in Italy and the
00:07:34
Rhineland Napoleon called them LeGrande
00:07:40
our May the great army they were the
00:07:46
most feared men on the continent they
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could begin marching well before dawn
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and with little rest
00:07:53
continue until nightfall the emperor has
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discovered a new way of waging war one
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soldier said he makes use of our legs
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instead of our bayonets
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measure yourself carry between 40 and 60
00:08:13
pounds of rations a musket and
00:08:16
cartridges both of them were farmers
00:08:20
boys grown up Houston misery and walk
00:08:23
easily working from day to night and
00:08:26
these men would March something like 30
00:08:29
miles in a day
00:08:32
that March for four hours and stop and
00:08:35
then March another three or four hours
00:08:37
and then stop again and they would
00:08:39
forage as they went I mean they were not
00:08:41
to worry about these big supply trains
00:08:43
behind them
00:08:49
the grande RMA was an impressive sight
00:08:54
the splendid uniforms help to soldier
00:08:58
feel stronger bigger and braver than he
00:09:01
was made him forget the brutal facts of
00:09:04
warfare
00:09:08
they would fight for riches the glory of
00:09:11
France and devotion to their Emperor
00:09:17
once he said who was a bravest man this
00:09:20
unit officer for this man he took the
00:09:23
Legion of Honor off his own coat and
00:09:25
stuck it on the soldiers uniform can you
00:09:27
imagine how that would spread in the
00:09:29
army his soldiers idolized him eager for
00:09:34
just a few words of praise or an even
00:09:36
greater tribute saved only for the
00:09:38
bravest an affectionate yank on the ear
00:09:42
he stood five feet two inches tall with
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one hand thrust under his coat
00:09:48
he struck a pose common at the time and
00:09:51
made it his own I think separated when I
00:09:54
got this whole shot goal his little coat
00:09:56
can have more a kind of propaganda he
00:09:59
screwed Cain ah a vixen because he
00:10:01
created a simple character will stay
00:10:04
austere but very recognizable
00:10:08
he appealed to the privates by wearing
00:10:11
clothes like that here is a man who
00:10:15
dresses like we do like the soldier does
00:10:17
like not like the generals and the
00:10:19
marshals but like us
00:10:28
Napoleon drove his men hard but he drove
00:10:32
no one harder than himself he could ride
00:10:36
for ten hours at a stretch
00:10:38
often eating lunch on horseback he slept
00:10:44
in a tent or under the stars lying down
00:10:47
on his camp bed at eight and rising
00:10:50
after only a few hours sleep to spend
00:10:52
the rest of the night studying reports
00:10:54
and issuing orders he still found time
00:11:00
to write Josephine reminding her of his
00:11:02
love and showering her with kisses
00:11:05
everywhere
00:11:15
summer turned to fall Napoleon's
00:11:19
soldiers marched deeper and deeper into
00:11:21
Europe
00:11:35
waiting for two enemy armies that
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outnumber them almost two to one
00:11:43
the Russians and Austrians plan to
00:11:45
defeat the French by sheer force of
00:11:47
numbers
00:11:49
the Russians the Nelsons thought that
00:11:52
they would lick him
00:11:53
they were quite convinced that once they
00:11:56
got him in the center of Europe they
00:11:58
would finish him off but Napoleon saw it
00:12:01
wants the flaw in the Allied strategy
00:12:03
their forces were widely dispersed
00:12:06
across the continent by moving quickly
00:12:09
he could strike at the Austrians before
00:12:11
the Russians arrived well he will swing
00:12:15
in across Germany and cut off the
00:12:19
leading Austrian forces this planet is
00:12:22
hit first hit with massed forces and
00:12:25
cast these boys before they can all link
00:12:27
up in less than six weeks the French
00:12:32
reached the Danube catching the Austrian
00:12:34
army of general Karl Mack by surprise
00:12:44
while his enemy wavered napoleon struck
00:12:46
the decisive blow
00:13:00
Oh
00:13:02
he comes down behind them and any
00:13:06
sensible general with a run but the
00:13:10
Austrian general there mark said he'd
00:13:12
make a fight for it and so he held his
00:13:14
position and the pony list whipped his
00:13:16
army around him and isolated him even
00:13:20
force them into surrender just in a
00:13:21
matter of days
00:13:34
you
00:13:38
27,000 men surrendered Mac had lost
00:13:43
almost his entire army
00:13:46
I did not intend to fight any but the
00:13:49
English Napoleon told the defeated
00:13:51
Austrian general until your master came
00:13:54
along and provoked me
00:13:57
all empires come to an end
00:14:05
now nothing stood between Napoleon and
00:14:08
Vienna
00:14:11
I have been rather overdone my good
00:14:14
Josephine eight days spent in soaking
00:14:17
rain and with cold feet have told on me
00:14:20
a little but I have accomplished my
00:14:23
object I have destroyed the Austrian
00:14:26
army by simply marching
00:14:31
perdón having moved us great speed
00:14:34
200,000 men marching 500 miles in 40
00:14:37
days so there he has already he's
00:14:41
defeated half the Austrian army
00:14:53
on November 14th Napoleon led his
00:14:57
soldiers into Vienna capital of the
00:14:59
ancient Austrian Empire the Emperor
00:15:05
Francis the first had fled leaving his
00:15:09
palaces and gardens to the enemy
00:15:14
as Bonaparte triumphantly paraded
00:15:17
through the winding streets he portrayed
00:15:20
himself as the representative of the
00:15:22
French Revolution the symbol of freedom
00:15:26
and enlightenment
00:15:29
but many who had once worshipped him had
00:15:32
by now changed their minds including
00:15:35
Ludwig Beethoven
00:15:38
Oscar Napoleon Napoleon decided to make
00:15:41
himself emperor of not they know silly
00:15:44
Beethoven denounced him as a vulgar
00:15:46
person who lowered himself to the level
00:15:48
of an ordinary King as one of the NED
00:15:52
Beethoven had dedicated his third
00:15:54
symphony to first console Bonaparte now
00:15:57
he angrily blotted out his name Emperor
00:16:02
Napoleon he said is nothing more than an
00:16:05
ordinary mortal he would trample on all
00:16:08
human rights and become a tyrant two
00:16:14
months before Napoleon had been encamped
00:16:16
on the English Channel now the Viennese
00:16:19
elders were giving him the keys to their
00:16:22
city but his triumph had been shadowed
00:16:25
by a disaster
00:16:32
on October 21st British Admiral Horatio
00:16:35
Nelson had caught a French fleet at
00:16:38
Trafalgar and utterly destroyed at the
00:16:43
cost of his own life Great Britain had
00:16:49
lost its greatest sailor but never again
00:16:54
with the French challenged the might of
00:16:56
the British Navy
00:17:00
Napoleon no longer had a fleet he could
00:17:03
count on and now in December 1805 the
00:17:07
grand army itself was in danger
00:17:10
although Napoleon had crippled the
00:17:13
Austrian army and driven the Emperor
00:17:15
from Vienna his conquest threatened to
00:17:18
become his undoing
00:17:19
in his winter it is December it is cold
00:17:23
he's surrounded by a hostile population
00:17:26
the Russians are coming to help the
00:17:28
Austrians his his troops are dwindling
00:17:30
and number and in supplies he was almost
00:17:32
a thousand miles in Paris all of Europe
00:17:36
had become a deadly trap he was deep in
00:17:39
the centre of the continent Prussia was
00:17:41
now threatening to declare war and on
00:17:44
November 22nd the Russian and Austrian
00:17:47
armies finally United in a single
00:17:50
fighting force 90,000 allies against
00:17:54
75,000 Frenchmen you might say any
00:17:57
sensible man would have stopped and
00:17:58
perhaps done a deal with the Russians
00:18:01
and the Austrians he really had two
00:18:02
choices either to go back or go forward
00:18:07
Napoleon would never go back so he
00:18:10
thought there one more battle as
00:18:14
November drew to a close
00:18:16
Napoleon roamed the countryside studied
00:18:19
the battles of Frederick the Great
00:18:20
poured over maps then he pointed to a
00:18:25
spot not far from the little village of
00:18:27
Austerlitz
00:18:29
it was a hilly field bounded by woods
00:18:32
marshy ponds and small towns here he
00:18:36
would make his stand looking it over the
00:18:40
Emperor told his marshals gentlemen
00:18:42
examined this ground carefully
00:18:45
it is going to be a battlefield you will
00:18:49
have a part to play upon it 70,000
00:18:56
Russian soldiers would have a part to
00:18:58
play too
00:19:02
commanded by the Tsar himself Alexander
00:19:06
the first
00:19:10
just twenty-eight he was eager one of
00:19:13
his aides said to experience and win
00:19:15
about to cover himself with glory by
00:19:19
defeating the invincible Corsican
00:19:21
upstart vain inexperienced the young
00:19:25
czar was an easy target for one of the
00:19:27
greatest strategists who ever lived
00:19:30
Napoleon was outnumbered but if he could
00:19:34
control the battlefield make the Czar
00:19:36
attack him when and where and how he
00:19:39
wanted he had a chance to carry the day
00:19:45
the battle field at Austerlitz was
00:19:48
dominated by a gently sloping hill the
00:19:51
proxxon heights if I wanted to stop the
00:19:55
enemy Napoleon said it is there that I
00:19:58
should post myself but that would lead
00:20:01
only to an ordinary battle and I want
00:20:04
decisive success Napoleon's army
00:20:08
controlled the heights but he would now
00:20:11
sacrifice his commanding position in a
00:20:14
daring gambit to lure the Russians to
00:20:16
attack his right flank with a thin line
00:20:19
of soldiers on his right he ordered his
00:20:22
men to abandon the heights and watched
00:20:25
as enemy forces occupied Napoleon knew
00:20:29
his man the Czar called a council of war
00:20:32
and argued for an immediate attack the
00:20:35
Russian general Mikhail Kutuzov objected
00:20:38
blind in one eye from a battle wound
00:20:41
the hard-drinking veteran was
00:20:43
contemptuous of his Austrian allies and
00:20:45
wary of Napoleon good was of Judah's off
00:20:49
tried to calm the Tsar's further he
00:20:51
sensed the trap something perhaps he
00:20:53
didn't understand the trap but he felt
00:20:55
that he was an old Fox
00:20:58
the night before the battle Napoleon
00:21:01
died non his favorite campaign dish
00:21:04
potatoes fried with onions
00:21:10
all across the French camp his soldiers
00:21:13
settled into their evening chores
00:21:18
he had already inspected the troops and
00:21:21
cited some of the cannon himself he
00:21:27
appeared a model of optimism and
00:21:29
confidence
00:21:33
as he rode past his men they shouted
00:21:35
long live the Emperor waved flaming
00:21:39
torches the camp blazed with light
00:21:47
it was December 2nd 1805 the first
00:21:51
anniversary of his coronation
00:21:59
Napoleon told an aide this is the finest
00:22:03
evening of my life
00:22:14
day break came with an impenetrable farm
00:22:20
the top of the pratzen heights floated
00:22:23
like an island above the sea of mist
00:22:28
you
00:22:33
Napoleon's soldiers woke early and shook
00:22:36
off hunger and fatigue
00:22:38
each man preparing for a fight he knew
00:22:41
might be his last
00:22:45
the main killer is probably the
00:22:48
artillery you were just blown apart
00:22:52
ripped apart or had a neat hole put
00:22:55
through you coming him close but it did
00:22:59
get to be an after fight anyway it was
00:23:01
usually pretty deadly more killed and
00:23:05
wounded and there was then of course the
00:23:11
infantry musket the heavy lead slugs
00:23:13
those really smashed and tore muttered
00:23:16
rifle bullet punches a neat hole but
00:23:18
these things is ripped and they shatter
00:23:20
bones and take out whole sections in the
00:23:24
flesh
00:23:32
from his command post on the pratzen
00:23:35
heights the tsar eager for battle
00:23:38
ordered the allies down off the high
00:23:40
ground toward the far end of napoleon's
00:23:43
weak right flank anchored in the little
00:23:46
village of tel Mnet's
00:24:05
Napoleon had a surprise waiting for them
00:24:09
two divisions of soldiers he had
00:24:12
summoned from the enemy they had covered
00:24:16
the 70 miles in only two days Napoleon
00:24:21
had put reinforcements where they were
00:24:22
least expected and faster than anyone
00:24:25
thought possible
00:24:41
his troops exhausted after their long
00:24:45
march from Vienna struggled to hold on
00:24:49
so far Napoleon said his enemy was
00:24:53
behaving like they were conducting
00:24:54
maneuvers on his orders Napoleon had
00:25:00
wanted the enemy to attack his weak
00:25:02
right he now had enough troops to defend
00:25:05
him more than enough for his own plan
00:25:08
an attack on the pratzen heights which
00:25:10
was left with few defenders Napoleon
00:25:15
watched from his command post above the
00:25:17
battlefield waiting to spring his trap
00:25:22
hidden in the haze at the bottom of the
00:25:24
valley below the heights were two French
00:25:26
divisions 17,000 men
00:25:35
Napoleon gave the order to advance one
00:25:41
sharp flow he said the war is over
00:25:48
the fog was so dense the French soldiers
00:25:51
could barely see ten paces in front of
00:25:53
them
00:25:56
as the Sun began to rise Napoleon's army
00:26:00
appeared out of the mess
00:26:12
on the top of the pot some bizarre
00:26:14
watched the French materialized out of
00:26:16
the valley they come out of a clear sky
00:26:19
he told it it
00:26:22
your majesty his aide replied you should
00:26:25
rather say they come from hell
00:26:54
mobile social L or STD Elsa Alexander
00:26:57
didn't know what to do he was at an
00:26:59
absolute loss you come on dogs that
00:27:01
don't work that device got me from that
00:27:03
moment on he completely lost control of
00:27:05
his army with mostly not yellow that
00:27:08
they were panicky after the panic on the
00:27:11
heights he no longer participated in the
00:27:13
battle finding themselves attacked when
00:27:18
they thought that they were the
00:27:19
attackers Napoleon said they looked upon
00:27:22
themselves as half defeated by
00:27:27
nine-thirty the French controlled the
00:27:29
pratzen heights demolishing the center
00:27:31
of the Allied position
00:27:33
Napoleon swept across the battlefield
00:27:36
and attacked the Allies from behind by
00:27:42
five o'clock Austerlitz was silent
00:27:51
9,000 Frenchmen were killed or wounded
00:27:54
along with 16,000 Russians and Austrians
00:28:05
the Czar and his army retreated
00:28:10
but the Austrian Emperor himself Francis
00:28:13
the first came to sue for peace from the
00:28:16
little Corsican artillery lieutenant
00:28:18
wood made himself an emperor only one
00:28:21
year before
00:28:25
a battle was fought today Francis wrote
00:28:28
his wife which did not turn out very
00:28:31
well Napoleon wrote Josephine I have
00:28:36
defeated the Russian and Austrian army
00:28:38
commanded by the two emperors I'm a
00:28:41
little tired I embrace you
00:28:46
Austerlitz had raised Napoleon's star to
00:28:49
new heights he had won his greatest
00:28:53
victory the victory of which he would
00:28:56
always be the proudest soldiers he said
00:29:01
I am pleased with you
00:29:03
you have decorated your Eagles with an
00:29:06
immortal glory you will be greeted with
00:29:09
joy and it will be enough for you to say
00:29:12
I was at the battle of Austerlitz for
00:29:15
people to reply there goes a brave man
00:29:32
in France victory was caused for wild
00:29:34
rejoicing
00:29:36
peace seemed at last uh sure
00:29:51
six months later
00:29:53
Napoleon was still deep in Europe
00:29:55
preparing for war again among the
00:30:01
established sovereigns he said war aims
00:30:03
never go beyond possession of a province
00:30:06
or a fortress with me the stake is
00:30:09
always my existence and that of the
00:30:12
whole empire conquest alone made me what
00:30:16
I am
00:30:16
conquest alone can keep me there alarmed
00:30:24
by France's growing power now the
00:30:26
Prussians challenged him Napoleon made
00:30:33
short work of them the idea that Prussia
00:30:37
could take the field against me by
00:30:39
herself he said seems so ridiculous that
00:30:42
it does not merit discussion in less
00:30:48
than three weeks
00:30:49
he brought the Prussians to their knees
00:30:50
taking a hundred and forty thousand
00:30:53
prisoners leaving 25,000 dead or wounded
00:30:57
the might of the Prussian army had been
00:31:00
entirely crushed
00:31:06
Napoleon marched triumphantly through
00:31:09
Berlin to the strains of the
00:31:11
Marseillaise invoking the revolution
00:31:13
equality and the abolition of privilege
00:31:19
now master of most of Western Europe he
00:31:22
swept away feudal laws and forced the
00:31:25
nation's he had conquered to accept the
00:31:27
new ones he had created for France the
00:31:30
Civil Code but he did not govern in the
00:31:33
name of liberty
00:31:37
I have come to realize he said but men
00:31:41
are not born to be free
00:31:43
liberty is a need felt by a small class
00:31:46
of people whom Nature has endowed with
00:31:49
nobler minds than the mass of men
00:31:55
he rained like kings of old with 44
00:31:59
different palaces including
00:32:01
Fontainebleau he believed his own glory
00:32:06
the glory of France and the spirit of
00:32:08
the Revolution were all one of the same
00:32:11
like a good Corsican family man he made
00:32:14
his brothers and sisters royalty Lewis
00:32:18
became king of Holland Joseph King of
00:32:22
Naples
00:32:22
Jerome king of Westphalia I need my
00:32:27
family to stabilize my dynasty he said
00:32:30
if I distributed Thrones according to
00:32:32
merit I should have made different
00:32:34
choices he made sister Caroline a queen
00:32:38
Pauline a princess
00:32:41
ELISA a duchess to his mother he awarded
00:32:46
the title Madame mayor Napoli all ought
00:32:52
to rule book
00:32:54
Napoleon always had a lot of respect for
00:32:56
his mother it's a rule of physics I
00:32:58
always remained his mother's child even
00:33:00
when Emperor such an ephemeral cavity to
00:33:03
treasure Tony Pilate was amazed by the
00:33:06
success of her son Kevi boo good and she
00:33:09
was afraid it wouldn't last or a cold
00:33:11
gate is it she was supposed to have
00:33:13
often said in her thick Corsican accent
00:33:16
it's just as long as it lasts pour vous
00:33:18
Casa Dori
00:33:22
while Napoleon spent long months on
00:33:25
campaign far from France
00:33:28
Josephine passed the time at Malmaison
00:33:32
she was uncomfortable living in the
00:33:34
palaces of the great royal families I
00:33:38
was never made for so much grandeur she
00:33:41
said I can feel the Queen's ghost asking
00:33:46
what am i doing in her bed Malmaison
00:33:51
was Josephine's refuge there she tended
00:33:56
to her gardens importing exotic plants
00:33:59
trees and flowers from all over the
00:34:01
world
00:34:10
although Napoleon was no longer the
00:34:13
inexperienced youth intoxicated by her
00:34:16
erotic charms
00:34:17
he remained deeply attached to her he
00:34:23
considers me Josephine told a friend one
00:34:26
of the Rays of his star the Penelope ons
00:34:31
was a scene in funky Napoleon found in
00:34:34
Josephine a woman who met all of his
00:34:36
desires and that the news from all
00:34:38
nobility she's an admirable Empress who
00:34:40
complete - she complimented him come the
00:34:43
produce Napoleon said I win the wars and
00:34:45
she wins people's hearts Josephine
00:34:49
appeared more in love now than ever
00:34:51
before though she and her husband often
00:34:54
quarreled he objected to her spending
00:34:58
nearly 1 million francs a year on
00:35:01
clothes alone
00:35:04
she was jealous of his mistresses but he
00:35:10
made love much the same way he ate his
00:35:12
meals quickly my mistress says he said
00:35:18
do not in the least engage my feelings
00:35:20
power is my mistress he could not
00:35:26
understand why Josephine was upset she
00:35:29
takes things far too seriously he said
00:35:32
she is always afraid that I shall fall
00:35:35
deeply in love can she not understand
00:35:39
that love is not for me
00:35:42
Senate thing is I don't you they were
00:35:44
just passing relationships and Josephine
00:35:47
made more out of them than she should
00:35:48
have a memo in the end over time they
00:35:53
created a real partnership become a
00:35:55
Moose's it did avail song they had risen
00:35:57
to the heights together see relief in
00:35:59
Java Dounia no phone you know it's
00:36:01
alumni future if Josephine had given him
00:36:03
a son he would have been the happiest
00:36:05
man in the world
00:36:09
as 1806 drew to a close
00:36:14
Napoleon was still at war Austria and
00:36:18
Prussia had both surrendered but the
00:36:21
Russians bloodied after Austerlitz and
00:36:23
Great Britain all powerful on the seas
00:36:26
remained dangerous enemies against
00:36:31
Britain he made economic warfare a
00:36:34
Continental blockade forbidding the
00:36:36
European nations to trade with the
00:36:38
British Isles to defeat Russia he
00:36:44
marched his soldiers deep into Poland
00:36:49
Napoleon's justification is you have to
00:36:52
take the war to your adversaries and you
00:36:54
have to defeat them whatever it takes so
00:36:57
going out to the the far reaches of
00:37:01
Poland if that's what it takes to get
00:37:03
the Russians to capitulate that's what
00:37:05
he's going to do
00:37:11
Napoleon was in Warsaw when he was
00:37:14
stunned by the news of a surprise
00:37:16
Russian attack
00:37:20
he struck back at once first had ila
00:37:23
just a hundred and thirty miles from the
00:37:25
Russian border
00:37:29
and later in nearby Friedman
00:37:55
the carnage in both battles was terrible
00:38:01
70,000 French and Russian soldiers
00:38:03
killed or wounded
00:38:10
it is not combat anymore a Russian
00:38:13
general wrote bizarre it is butchery
00:38:19
Napoleon's army was torn and bloody the
00:38:23
Czar's army was in ruins
00:38:27
Alexander puzzled over what to do next
00:38:30
stoically is Aleksandra pure when
00:38:32
Alexander the first was thinking about
00:38:34
what to do after the Battle of Friedland
00:38:36
you will brought Constantine his brother
00:38:38
Constantine said what surely stood yes
00:38:41
people cottages Russia France was a sire
00:38:42
if you were considering fighting the
00:38:45
French you might as well give each
00:38:47
soldier a gun and let him put a bullet
00:38:49
in his head the result will be the same
00:38:54
On June 25th 1807 Alexander traveled to
00:39:00
Tilsit on the western border of the
00:39:02
Russian Empire to discuss peace with the
00:39:05
Emperor of France to signify their equal
00:39:09
status they met on a raft moored
00:39:12
precisely in the center of the Niemen
00:39:14
River the boundary between Russia and
00:39:17
Europe estjs says lepue olam when the
00:39:22
Tsar met Napoleon he had one goal in
00:39:24
mind to find a peaceful solution that
00:39:27
would benefit him he Pierrot Africa
00:39:29
toreano Guevara the first thing he said
00:39:32
if Napoleon in French was C jail is ugly
00:39:35
talking sir I hate the English as much
00:39:38
as you do Napoleon said and we have made
00:39:41
peace
00:39:46
Napoleon's peace terms were generous he
00:39:50
demanded no Russian territory at all
00:39:52
in return the Tsar agreed to become
00:39:55
france's ally to join the Continental
00:39:58
blockade and refused to trade with
00:40:01
Britain Liberto FLETC local sights
00:40:04
Napoleon wanted to have this alliance
00:40:06
very much and he was prepared to
00:40:08
sacrifice for it
00:40:09
George was languages to mean beauty the
00:40:11
alliance of Russia and France two great
00:40:14
empires would force the British to make
00:40:17
peace finally there would be peace in
00:40:20
Europe only ten days before they had
00:40:27
been bleeding each other dry now the two
00:40:30
old enemies were acting like old friends
00:40:35
the Czar and Napoleon spent long hours
00:40:38
together inspecting each other's armies
00:40:41
awarding medals to soldiers on both
00:40:43
sides
00:40:47
after two weeks the two men seem to have
00:40:49
grown genuinely fond of one another
00:40:54
Napoleon was charmed by Alexander
00:40:57
describing him as especially handsome
00:40:59
like a hero with all the graces of an
00:41:02
amiable Parisien bazaar in turn seemed
00:41:07
in awe of Napoleon and his sheer power
00:41:11
as they said goodbye Napoleon was
00:41:14
convinced he had turned the Czar into a
00:41:16
friend and Ally if Alexander were a
00:41:20
woman he wrote Josephine I would make
00:41:23
him my mistress death of Alhassan of us
00:41:25
a ship blew this was Napoleon's biggest
00:41:28
mistake the pollution dogs donkeys
00:41:30
he thought he actually did charm
00:41:32
Alexander he at the Napoleonic era
00:41:34
Labrador only poor Napoleon didn't
00:41:37
understand was that Alexander would
00:41:39
never stick to their agreement
00:41:41
no Lena pallulah but beside the guy
00:41:43
would have tried for Napoleon the Tilted
00:41:45
peace seemed to be his finest moment for
00:41:48
him and for his Empire longer elusive
00:41:51
buddish will you live girl so him back
00:41:53
to Paris in July 1807 to a huge
00:41:56
celebration
00:42:04
France rejoiced at the signing of the
00:42:07
treaty between the two giant powers
00:42:11
once again peace in Europe seems secure
00:42:28
in 1807 Napoleon's Empire stretched from
00:42:33
the Atlantic coast to the steppes of
00:42:35
Russia from the North Sea to the
00:42:38
Mediterranean he ruled over 70 million
00:42:41
people French Italians Dutch Germans
00:42:45
poles there had been no greater empire
00:42:50
since the days of Rome flushed with the
00:42:54
pride of power he dreamed of uniting all
00:42:57
of Europe under French rule
00:43:03
the fee of Russia and Prussia was so
00:43:06
spectacular
00:43:08
Napoleon was stunned by the success he
00:43:12
there
00:43:12
he never visualized such success and he
00:43:15
began to think my god I can do anything
00:43:21
this rising star had reached its zenith
00:43:25
yes what I at that moment he begins to
00:43:28
believe that he is infallible pokémon
00:43:30
ash of
00:43:31
a Superman could get someone protected
00:43:33
by destiny is it 12 his famous star he I
00:43:39
moved luckily she grew up he has
00:43:42
complete power in Europe it's a 50 and
00:43:46
his bride is very great say really
00:43:48
because this is a former little
00:43:50
artillery lieutenant who has made it to
00:43:53
the top
00:43:57
ambition is never content Napoleon once
00:44:00
wrote even on the summit of greatness
00:44:07
thirty-eight years old intoxicated with
00:44:10
power the ruler of almost all of Europe
00:44:14
he was bent on one more conquest it was
00:44:20
to be a fatal mistake
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