The Complete Guide to Resistance Training Program Design | Full Lecture
Summary
TLDRThe lecture provides a detailed guide on creating a resistance training program, aimed at physical therapy students. It encompasses the whole process from understanding needs analysis - a critical assessment phase that evaluates sports-specific demands and individual athlete evaluations, to designing the frequency, volume, and selection of exercises based on scientific, evidence-backed principles. Central to the lecture is the concept of periodization, which organizes training in phases to systematically target different fitness components and avoid overtraining while enhancing performance. Concepts of managing training load, intensity, volume, and rest periods are thoroughly explained to help design efficient training strategies. The session is interactive, with a Q&A segment addressing complex aspects like lengthened partials in training and individual plateaus, fostering practical understanding. Supplementary materials and slides are available for follow-along learning.
Takeaways
- 📋 Understand the fundamentals of a resistance training program.
- 🔍 Conduct a thorough needs analysis for tailored training.
- 🏋️ Focus on exercise selection, balancing specificity and general preparedness.
- ⏱️ Adjust training frequency based on athlete's recovery capacity.
- 📊 Utilize periodization to enhance performance and prevent overtraining.
- 📈 Consider load, rep ranges, and volume adjustments for optimal training.
- 🚦 Organize exercises by intensity and compound vs isolation movements.
- ⏲️ Use rest periods strategically to maximize training adaptations.
- 🔄 Integrate progression and variation for continued athlete development.
- 📘 Embrace the scientific principles behind strength and hypertrophy training.
- 🤝 Engage in interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance sports performance.
- 🧰 Explore additional resources for deeper insights into sports science.
Timeline
- 00:00:00 - 00:05:00
The video is a recorded lecture for physical therapy students on creating a resistance training program. It covers needs analysis, exercise selection, variation, frequency, and periodization, based on scientific principles and CSCS guidelines. It emphasizes understanding different practitioners' perspectives.
- 00:05:00 - 00:10:00
The presenter discusses the generalizability of resistance training program steps for various practitioners. The first step is a needs analysis, including sports demands assessment and athlete evaluation. The needs analysis also considers the specific demands of the sport and individual athlete characteristics.
- 00:10:00 - 00:15:00
Details sports-specific demands, such as work-rest ratios and movement patterns, using soccer as an example. It explores athlete-specific needs based on factors such as position and anthropometry—highlighting how these affect training program specifics without altering overall philosophy.
- 00:15:00 - 00:20:00
In-depth explanation of analyzing sport-specific demands including physiological, biomechanical, and psychological elements. Athlete assessment factors include physical capacities, technical skills, injury history, and goals. Different athlete goals require varied training programs.
- 00:20:00 - 00:25:00
Discusses the steps following needs analysis to generate a training program, emphasizing aligning training frequency with objectives, individual factors, volume, intensity, and exercise selection. Highlights the balance of volume and intensity based on training objectives and athlete physiology.
- 00:25:00 - 00:30:00
Explores factors influencing training frequency including goals, athlete level, recovery, and optimal training frequency guidelines for different goals. Covers split routines, full-body workouts, and specific examples like beginners and advanced athletes concerning training loads and repetitions.
- 00:30:00 - 00:35:00
Training load and repetitions, volume, and exercise selection are discussed as key components. The inverse relationship between volume and intensity is highlighted, explaining how they affect training. Repetition ranges for various goals such as strength, hypertrophy, and endurance are explained.
- 00:35:00 - 00:40:00
Explains volume adjustments per athlete experience, and details on exercise selection for targeting specific goals. It merges sports specificity with functional exercises while considering athlete safety and efficiency. The importance of progression and variation for developing their program is noted.
- 00:40:00 - 00:45:00
Order of exercises within sessions is discussed, prioritizing compound movements before isolation, and handling high-intensity exercises first. The role of rest periods is outlined, showing their impact on adaptations, with specific rest guidelines depending on the training goals (strength, power, hypertrophy).
- 00:45:00 - 00:52:26
Concludes with periodization tying all components together, describing it as a cyclical training concept aimed to peak performance and avoid overtraining. Discusses forms of periodization (linear, undulating, block) and their importance in structuring a logical training sequence to achieve specific fitness goals.
Mind Map
Video Q&A
What is the focus of the lecture?
The lecture focuses on designing a resistance training program based on scientific principles.
What topics are covered in the lecture?
Topics include needs analysis, exercise selection, frequency, periodization, and aligning with NSCA guidelines.
Who is the target audience for the lecture?
The target audience is physical therapy students and practitioners interested in resistance training.
How does the lecturer suggest handling exercise fatigue?
He advises balancing volume and intensity and considering individual recovery capacities.
Why is needs analysis important in resistance training?
Needs analysis identifies the sports-specific demands and individual athlete's requirements to tailor the training program effectively.
What role does exercise selection play in the process?
Exercise selection is critical for targeting specific muscle groups and performance goals, aligning with needs analysis.
How are periodization and progression detailed in the lecture?
Periodization is framed as a structured approach to enhance performance, while progression entails gradually increasing the complexity of exercises.
What are the types of periodization mentioned?
Types include linear, nonlinear/undulating, and block periodization.
What is the significance of rest periods in training?
Rest periods impact the effectiveness of training, influencing strength, power, hypertrophy, and endurance adaptations.
What resources are suggested for further exploration?
The lecturer recommends checking out his Patreon and related links for more resources on sports science.
View more video summaries
Sahara : The Largest Desert In The World | Lesson For Kids
Depression: Ten Depression Recovery Strategies That Actually Work
Making a Spark-Gap Transmitter
DOCTOR REVEALS How She Cured Her Autoimmune DISEASE! | Cynthia Li & Mark Hyman
The End of the Ottoman Empire | Documentary | A Bloody Legacy Episode 2
What EXPATS need to know when moving to Saudi Arabia for WORK
- 00:00:02hey guys a while ago I did a Hands-On
- 00:00:04lecture for a group of physical therapy
- 00:00:06students via zoom and I recorded the
- 00:00:08entire thing so that you guys could
- 00:00:10check it out as well now what I've done
- 00:00:12is I've included the slides in a link
- 00:00:14Down Below in the description so check
- 00:00:16that out and follow along with me as we
- 00:00:18cover everything to do with creating a
- 00:00:21resistance training program starting
- 00:00:23with the needs analysis and going
- 00:00:25through exercise selection variation
- 00:00:28frequency periodization not in that
- 00:00:30order but we cover the nuts and bolts of
- 00:00:33how to design a resistance training
- 00:00:35program based on scientific principles
- 00:00:37and based Loosely on the cscs guidelines
- 00:00:40so check out this full length lecture
- 00:00:42pause at any time to take notes and stay
- 00:00:44tuned to the end for some really
- 00:00:45excellent questions that the PT students
- 00:00:48asked hope you guys enjoy can you guys
- 00:00:50see that okay I don't it looks good okay
- 00:00:54thanks I I don't have my own Scott the
- 00:00:56video guy yet and for those of you who
- 00:00:58get that reference I know Jacob you'll
- 00:00:59get so so I got to make do on my own
- 00:01:02okay all right so we're going to go
- 00:01:05through essentially these these this is
- 00:01:08Loosely based on nsca guidelines but
- 00:01:10then I'll have some anecdotes and some
- 00:01:12points where I differ and at the end
- 00:01:15what we can do is is kind of tie it back
- 00:01:17into pts specifically okay but also stop
- 00:01:21me at any point if you have any
- 00:01:22questions and you know happy to just
- 00:01:25discuss around these points these are
- 00:01:26the steps to go through when creating a
- 00:01:29resistance training program and these
- 00:01:32steps are generalizable to a lot of
- 00:01:35different different what's the word I'm
- 00:01:37looking for career options to a lot of
- 00:01:40different practitioners right so these
- 00:01:41steps are generalizable to a lot of
- 00:01:43different practitioners whether you're a
- 00:01:45strength conditioning coach obviously
- 00:01:47they're going to apply to them most
- 00:01:49specifically but obviously PT OTS
- 00:01:52sometimes athletic trainers sometimes
- 00:01:55you uh you know different different
- 00:01:57domains are in charge of prescribing
- 00:01:58exercise and it's also important to
- 00:02:01understand them so that when you're
- 00:02:02interfacing with the strength coach you
- 00:02:04know where she or he is coming from as
- 00:02:07far as the program that they're putting
- 00:02:08together okay so these are the steps
- 00:02:10that they would walk through more or
- 00:02:12less in order when creating a resistance
- 00:02:14training program so the first one is a
- 00:02:16needs analysis and let's see and a needs
- 00:02:20analysis it's essentially a sports
- 00:02:22demands assessment okay it can include a
- 00:02:26bunch of different components one of
- 00:02:28which is an individual athlete
- 00:02:30evaluation that individual athlete
- 00:02:32evaluation takes into account
- 00:02:34potentially something like a functional
- 00:02:36movement screen potentially strength and
- 00:02:38power assessment or energy system
- 00:02:40analysis and this is all this is all
- 00:02:43dependent upon what type of athlete
- 00:02:45you're working with what the scope
- 00:02:47you're working with them includes like
- 00:02:48are you their actual strength coach or
- 00:02:50are you their PT interfacing with the
- 00:02:52strength coach right you're probably not
- 00:02:53if you're the latter you're probably not
- 00:02:55going to do an energy system analysis
- 00:02:57for this athlete U but just know that
- 00:02:59this is these these are some of the
- 00:03:00things that go into a needs analysis
- 00:03:02okay so more components of a needs
- 00:03:04analysis we can think of it in two
- 00:03:07different sections the first section is
- 00:03:09a sport specific demands analysis so
- 00:03:11let's say that you all are working with
- 00:03:13a soccer athlete okay you're going to
- 00:03:15have to now break down the sport of
- 00:03:17soccer and think what are the work to
- 00:03:19rest ratios in soccer what are the
- 00:03:21typical movement patterns in soccer yeah
- 00:03:23there's kicking and there's running but
- 00:03:25what kind of running there's change of
- 00:03:27Direction what kind of change of
- 00:03:28direction is it frontal plane movement
- 00:03:31is it sagittal with some s-curves is it
- 00:03:34multidirectional with a wide variety of
- 00:03:36changes which is closer to what it is
- 00:03:39with some long linear Sprints okay what
- 00:03:42are the what are the movement demands
- 00:03:43what are the time characteristics of the
- 00:03:45game okay I think I mentioned work to
- 00:03:47rest ratios how long are they running
- 00:03:49for how much of that is highs speed
- 00:03:50running versus low speed running versus
- 00:03:52walking versus standing and is at
- 00:03:54different for different positions okay
- 00:03:56what is the athlete that you're working
- 00:03:57with what position are they if they're
- 00:03:59the goalie it's going to be a lot
- 00:04:00different than if they're the midfielder
- 00:04:02all right so Sports specific demands are
- 00:04:04first now the sports specific demands
- 00:04:06are are roughly the same for every
- 00:04:08athlete in that sport obviously
- 00:04:10dependent on skill level as well but
- 00:04:12then we drill down into the athlete
- 00:04:14maybe you could have two of the exact
- 00:04:16same positional athletes but they might
- 00:04:18have wildly different needs okay one
- 00:04:21might get the job done being shorter and
- 00:04:23and more muscular more compact okay
- 00:04:25having high turnover with their lower
- 00:04:28their smaller pendulum Limbs and another
- 00:04:31might be more lanky with a longer reach
- 00:04:33all right they might be taller and so
- 00:04:35they're going to have because of their
- 00:04:36different anthropometry they're going to
- 00:04:38have some different needs in the weight
- 00:04:39room and that's that may change what you
- 00:04:41prescribe them okay maybe we're doing
- 00:04:44low handle hexar deadlifts with the
- 00:04:46shorter athlete maybe even deficit and
- 00:04:48for that taller athlete maybe you need
- 00:04:50to stick to the high handle on the hexar
- 00:04:52deadlifts okay so it's going to it's
- 00:04:53going to change the specifics but maybe
- 00:04:56not the overall philosophy of the
- 00:04:59training program the overall thrust of
- 00:05:00the training program right we can we can
- 00:05:02use a lot of different tools to get from
- 00:05:05point A to point B depending on the
- 00:05:08different athletes that are presented to
- 00:05:09us now if we're drilling deeper into
- 00:05:11each of these analyzing the sport
- 00:05:12specific demands okay these are going to
- 00:05:14include first physio physiological
- 00:05:16aspects I've already mentioned the types
- 00:05:18of movement and the work to rest ratios
- 00:05:20but we need to consider the components
- 00:05:22of endurance is there an endurance
- 00:05:24component and is there a strength
- 00:05:26component a power speed agility
- 00:05:28flexibility requirements I would argue
- 00:05:30that every sport has requirements in all
- 00:05:32of these it just depends on the ratio
- 00:05:35think about a 100 meter Sprinter we're
- 00:05:37just doing this in class the other day
- 00:05:39we were assessing training sprinters
- 00:05:41watching a video of them actually go
- 00:05:43through practice and I asked them you
- 00:05:45know it's we know that the Energy System
- 00:05:48the primary Energy System is a creatin
- 00:05:50phospate system but why might these
- 00:05:53sprinters need to pay some attention to
- 00:05:56their aerobic metabolism as well okay in
- 00:05:59in the answer is because during practice
- 00:06:01they're not just doing one Sprint
- 00:06:03they're sprinting and recovering
- 00:06:04sprinting and recovering and yeah they
- 00:06:06take a long time between Max separate
- 00:06:08Sprints but that Aerobic System is
- 00:06:10what's driving the resynthesis of ATP
- 00:06:14and the replenishment of
- 00:06:16phosphate okay and the better they can
- 00:06:18do that the better work capacity they're
- 00:06:20going to have in order to handle and
- 00:06:23adapt to those practices okay so we want
- 00:06:25to be thinking about all of these
- 00:06:26regardless of the athlete who's in front
- 00:06:28of you next is biomechanical factors and
- 00:06:31this is the common movements performed
- 00:06:33as I mentioned previously technical
- 00:06:35skills and injury risks so if you're
- 00:06:37dealing with someone like a powerlifter
- 00:06:40a low-skilled sport no offense Jacob a
- 00:06:43low skilled sport versus let's say a
- 00:06:45gymnast these are two different sports
- 00:06:47individual sports with you know where
- 00:06:50you take an attempt and you're either
- 00:06:52successful or you're not and one
- 00:06:54requires very low skill squat bench
- 00:06:57deadlift okay and the other is very high
- 00:06:59skll skill lots of dynamic moving
- 00:07:01components that you can mix and match
- 00:07:03together on different implements so we
- 00:07:05need to assess those things as well next
- 00:07:08psychological elements so things like
- 00:07:10mental resilience decision-making and
- 00:07:12concentration needs if you have let's
- 00:07:14say a Competitive Cyclist that's going
- 00:07:16to be a different heads space than if
- 00:07:18you have a competitive arm wrestler
- 00:07:19right and so when we're designing
- 00:07:21resistance training programs that's
- 00:07:23something to think about because often
- 00:07:24times if you're the one designing the
- 00:07:26program you're also the one who's
- 00:07:27coordinating their overall H istic
- 00:07:30training interventions not always but
- 00:07:32often okay you're looked to as the
- 00:07:34expert for how to enhance performance
- 00:07:37through training and so you might be the
- 00:07:38one to call in a sports psychologist
- 00:07:41psychologist or even to start
- 00:07:43investigating some of these sports
- 00:07:44psychology tactics okay now athlete
- 00:07:46assessment I touched on a lot of these
- 00:07:48but how are we assessing the athletes
- 00:07:50first physical capacities so strength
- 00:07:53power endurance flexibility body
- 00:07:56composition we won't go through how to
- 00:07:58assess all of those but know that you
- 00:07:59should be assessing those as far as they
- 00:08:02relate to the program you're making for
- 00:08:04the athlete next what are the technical
- 00:08:06skills sports specific techniques and
- 00:08:08tactics and then their personal injury
- 00:08:10history and risk factors I mentioned
- 00:08:13short versus tall okay different
- 00:08:15movement pattern Styles also take a look
- 00:08:18at you know have they had hamstring
- 00:08:20poles before have they done their ACL
- 00:08:22and had it reconstructed do they have
- 00:08:23shoulder impingement issues what is
- 00:08:25their history and then finally the
- 00:08:27athletes goals obviously you could have
- 00:08:30two identical athletes but if they have
- 00:08:31different goals you're going to have
- 00:08:32different programs for those athletes
- 00:08:34it's not going to be a one- siiz fitall
- 00:08:35program so what are their outcome goals
- 00:08:38you know the focus of the actual result
- 00:08:40of competition what are their
- 00:08:42performance goals as far as the marks
- 00:08:44that they want to hit let's say for
- 00:08:45example here running a sub five minute
- 00:08:47mile could be a performance goal and
- 00:08:49then a process goal what are they going
- 00:08:51to do along the way to get to those
- 00:08:53goals and having those three things
- 00:08:55established will help you both to be
- 00:08:57accountable to creating a training
- 00:08:59program that sees them along the path
- 00:09:01from point A to point B for that outcome
- 00:09:03goal and the performance goals oh cool
- 00:09:05perfect cuz I can't see everybody's
- 00:09:08camera so yeah maybe just oh yeah if you
- 00:09:10guys drop them in the chat and then
- 00:09:12Jacob if you articulate them that might
- 00:09:15be easiest or just unmute yourself and
- 00:09:17interrupt me that's fine too okay cool
- 00:09:19I'll keep going and also I'm recognizing
- 00:09:21the time I Bas I'm spending too much
- 00:09:24time on each slide typical Professor all
- 00:09:27right so needs analysis is done okay you
- 00:09:29have that you have an understanding of
- 00:09:31the sport of the athlete and their goals
- 00:09:34now we need to actually start generating
- 00:09:36the training program so what I want you
- 00:09:37to do is to think about an athlete
- 00:09:40archetype in your mind some sort of a
- 00:09:41placeholder for a specific athlete that
- 00:09:43you would be making a a training program
- 00:09:45for so that as I'm talking you can apply
- 00:09:47these principles to them okay so
- 00:09:49training frequency how do we establish
- 00:09:52training frequency well first we need to
- 00:09:54align frequency with training objectives
- 00:09:56and goals okay also with individual
- 00:09:59factors such as recovery capacity age
- 00:10:02experience if you're working with an
- 00:10:04octogenarian and I've worked with some
- 00:10:05octogenarians in my time they're amazing
- 00:10:08individuals but let's just say that they
- 00:10:10don't have the highest ability for
- 00:10:12training frequency I'm not going to be
- 00:10:13training them every single day okay they
- 00:10:16need a few days to recover between
- 00:10:19training bouts now obviously I I could
- 00:10:22also and I and I actually do this if I'm
- 00:10:24training with elderly folks what I do
- 00:10:26typically is I adjust the volume and
- 00:10:28bring it down so that we we can get more
- 00:10:30frequent training and therefore better
- 00:10:33skill development with more touches on
- 00:10:35those lifts um with with a lower fatigue
- 00:10:39impact from that training session so
- 00:10:41there's lot of lots of ways you can sort
- 00:10:43of adjust these factors but just know
- 00:10:46that these are the principles okay we
- 00:10:48with training frequency we want a a
- 00:10:50balance of volume and intensity okay we
- 00:10:53want to balance the workload to allow
- 00:10:54for Recovery if we're doing very very
- 00:10:57intense work in the weight room
- 00:10:59then we need a long time to recover and
- 00:11:02not as much volume of it okay you're not
- 00:11:04going to go in well most of you
- 00:11:05shouldn't go in and have your athletes
- 00:11:07do you know 10 singles at 95% of their 1
- 00:11:11RM on a compound movement that's just
- 00:11:13going to be too much unless you have an
- 00:11:15advanced athlete who's in a peing phase
- 00:11:17or maybe like a super compensation phase
- 00:11:19right before a peing phase okay we need
- 00:11:22to balance the volume and intensity if
- 00:11:24you have very low intensity work maybe
- 00:11:26some more extensive work maybe it's a
- 00:11:28gpp phase
- 00:11:29General preparation phase it's the
- 00:11:31offseason or something you can have
- 00:11:33lower volume work and sorry lower
- 00:11:35intensity work with much greater volume
- 00:11:38all right and we and we'll talk about
- 00:11:39periodization here at the end what's the
- 00:11:41exercise selection so are you doing
- 00:11:42compound explosive movements are you
- 00:11:44doing High CNS fatigue movements are you
- 00:11:47doing movements that cause a lot of Doms
- 00:11:49delay onset muscle soreness well then
- 00:11:51you might have to adjust the frequency
- 00:11:52for that or are you doing movements that
- 00:11:54are pretty easy to recover from right so
- 00:11:57for instance if I'm if I'm have an
- 00:11:58athlete and they're training deltoids
- 00:12:01okay they're training their shoulders
- 00:12:02for whatever reason um those are very
- 00:12:05small muscles and they're more slow
- 00:12:07twitch and they're faster to recover
- 00:12:09then there's not a lot of central
- 00:12:10fatigue that comes from that so you
- 00:12:11could train you could train shoulders
- 00:12:13maybe three four or five times a week
- 00:12:16depending on the athlete without a ton
- 00:12:18of fatigue that's accumulating contrast
- 00:12:21that with an athlete who you know maybe
- 00:12:22we training some sort of a loaded hip
- 00:12:24hinge movement maybe it's rdls Romanian
- 00:12:27deadlifts a lot of fatigue from that
- 00:12:29okay and the hamstrings are more fast
- 00:12:31twitch and there's a lot of muscle mass
- 00:12:33that we're stimulating and there's a
- 00:12:34high CNS toll from those from that type
- 00:12:37of movement so I'm not going to train
- 00:12:39those five days a week all right maybe
- 00:12:41two days at most sometimes one day maybe
- 00:12:44one and a half all right so that's
- 00:12:46that's going to change it and then we
- 00:12:47have to monitor progress okay you can
- 00:12:49adjust frequency obviously based on
- 00:12:52performance and Recovery status of the
- 00:12:53athlete some other factors that
- 00:12:55influence training frequency we're going
- 00:12:56to have training goals okay is there
- 00:12:59goal strength is it hypertrophy is it
- 00:13:02endurance that might change how you
- 00:13:05prescribe frequency for instance with
- 00:13:07strength often times because it's
- 00:13:09moderate to low volume you could maybe
- 00:13:11get away with a lower volume strength
- 00:13:13plan and then prescribe that lift more
- 00:13:15frequently if you're doing hypertrophy
- 00:13:17though often times those sessions need
- 00:13:20to be longer or there's more volume in
- 00:13:22the session so we need more time and if
- 00:13:24we think of the time course of
- 00:13:25adaptation to hypertrophy training and
- 00:13:28the muscles actually going through the
- 00:13:30Dom cycle and and rebuilding themselves
- 00:13:33it take it can take several days right 3
- 00:13:35to five days U five being on the kind of
- 00:13:38extreme end adaptations to strength
- 00:13:41especially if it's a lower volume
- 00:13:42strength session well a lot of that is
- 00:13:45neuromuscular okay and so that can
- 00:13:47actually happen a little bit more
- 00:13:48quickly same thing with power exercises
- 00:13:51that a lot of that is neuromuscular and
- 00:13:52especially if it's low volume again and
- 00:13:54so you might be able to turn around and
- 00:13:55train it train it again more frequently
- 00:13:57um also athletes level beginner
- 00:13:59intermediate Advance is going to change
- 00:14:01this beginners can get away well it kind
- 00:14:04of goes both ways they can get away with
- 00:14:06more frequent training because their
- 00:14:08training is less intense it's not going
- 00:14:10to cause a lot of damage to the body or
- 00:14:12central nervous system fatigue on the
- 00:14:14other hand if it's the first couple
- 00:14:16times that they've trained they're going
- 00:14:17to be sore for a long time and so you
- 00:14:19can give them less frequent training
- 00:14:20plus they will adapt to almost anything
- 00:14:22and so you can give them less frequent
- 00:14:24training take the more minimal dose
- 00:14:26effect if they're okay with that and to
- 00:14:28control grasp with that if you have a
- 00:14:30very Advanced athlete and let's say
- 00:14:32there you know Jacob you mentioned John
- 00:14:34hack um at the beginning let's say John
- 00:14:36is deadlifting 900 lb and recently I
- 00:14:39think he hit like 925 or something which
- 00:14:40is amazing to see and he's looking
- 00:14:43absolutely just yaked out of his mind
- 00:14:45anyways you take an individual who's
- 00:14:47deadlifting that much and gosh that's
- 00:14:50going to take them out of heavy
- 00:14:51deadlifting for quite a while for a
- 00:14:52couple weeks um at the very least okay
- 00:14:55so sometimes those Advanced individuals
- 00:14:57are capable of just so such high
- 00:15:00intensity such high absolute loads that
- 00:15:02they need to rest for much longer okay
- 00:15:05so the principle sort of goes both way
- 00:15:07on that both ways on that and then of
- 00:15:09course recovery is so important often
- 00:15:12times people say you're not overtrained
- 00:15:14you're just under recovered meaning that
- 00:15:16your recovery modalities your sleep your
- 00:15:19diet your low stress lifestyle your soft
- 00:15:21tissue work seeing qualified pts to get
- 00:15:25you know worked on is is not sufficient
- 00:15:28to support the train okay and so maybe
- 00:15:29it's not that you're overtraining maybe
- 00:15:31you're just under recovered so if you
- 00:15:33have a client who is you know they're
- 00:15:35not sleeping a lot they have a high
- 00:15:36stress job they might not be able to
- 00:15:37train as frequently okay optimal
- 00:15:39training frequency for your goals these
- 00:15:42are just rough guidelines strength
- 00:15:44training two to three times a week same
- 00:15:46thing with hypertrophy and then for
- 00:15:48endurance three to five times a week
- 00:15:50just because we're not hitting those
- 00:15:52super high absolute loads now again I
- 00:15:54said these are rough guidelines because
- 00:15:56it totally depends on how much volume
- 00:15:58you're prescribing for each of these
- 00:16:01sessions so this can change all right
- 00:16:03these are just guidelines we talked
- 00:16:04about bner versus Advanced athletes this
- 00:16:07is this is more towards the cscs
- 00:16:09guidelines of beginners training two to
- 00:16:11three times a week Advanced athlet
- 00:16:13Athletes Training four to six times a
- 00:16:14week again though like I said if we're
- 00:16:16thinking like muscle group or movement
- 00:16:18frequency I'm not going to have an
- 00:16:20advanced powerlifter or a really strong
- 00:16:22rugby athlete or an American football
- 00:16:24offensive lineman squatting four times a
- 00:16:27week or six times a week a week you know
- 00:16:29just because they're more advanced than
- 00:16:31that they're going to do it less than
- 00:16:32the beginner okay and my beginners is
- 00:16:34like for instance my my son has gotten
- 00:16:36hit to weight training with me which is
- 00:16:38awesome and so cute he's 10 so we wake
- 00:16:40up every day and we train and that kid
- 00:16:42could he could squat he could max out on
- 00:16:44his squat like every day and he'd be
- 00:16:46totally fine now obviously we don't do
- 00:16:48that because you know I'm teaching him
- 00:16:49life lessons and I'm teaching them
- 00:16:51resistance training um technique and
- 00:16:53lessons at the same time so we don't do
- 00:16:55that but he could totally do that and be
- 00:16:56fine right he's young he's a kid adapts
- 00:16:59really fast and he's a total beginner so
- 00:17:01it's it's a low absolute load oh split
- 00:17:03routines versus full body workouts this
- 00:17:06goes to what I was saying earlier about
- 00:17:08it depending on the nature of the
- 00:17:10workout what movements are you training
- 00:17:12so you can train people seven days a
- 00:17:14week for the rest of their life as long
- 00:17:15as they have the right split and they're
- 00:17:17resting certain muscle groups and
- 00:17:19training the other muscle groups now I
- 00:17:21don't know that that's necessarily a
- 00:17:23good idea but depending on your split
- 00:17:25you can get away with more training days
- 00:17:27but you've split it in into different
- 00:17:29parts so let's just say a simple example
- 00:17:31upper versus Lower Split well now even
- 00:17:34if I train Monday Tuesday and Thursday
- 00:17:37Friday but I'm doing Upp or lower Upp or
- 00:17:39lower I'm really only getting a
- 00:17:41frequency of two instead of four times a
- 00:17:43week it's four training days but two
- 00:17:45times per body segment if that makes
- 00:17:48sense oh and there's balloons on my
- 00:17:51camera that was weird it must have been
- 00:17:53something with my movements the zoom's
- 00:17:55getting too advanced for me and so you
- 00:17:57know a more complex split could you know
- 00:18:00you could break it up even more okay
- 00:18:02next we'll talk about training load and
- 00:18:07repetitions so make sure that you still
- 00:18:09have that that Avatar in your head of
- 00:18:11the athlete that you would be training
- 00:18:12we've done the needs analysis we have
- 00:18:14their training frequency which is
- 00:18:16oftentimes I should say just it it's
- 00:18:18oftentimes sort of set in stone like
- 00:18:19maybe they're in their in their
- 00:18:21Collegiate team and they just they're in
- 00:18:22the weight room you know Mondays
- 00:18:24Wednesdays Fridays and that's all there
- 00:18:25is to it and so then you program
- 00:18:27everything based around those 3 days a
- 00:18:29week of training or what have you but
- 00:18:31now that we have those training load and
- 00:18:33repetitions and I do this before
- 00:18:35exercise selection and Order and you
- 00:18:37might see some different a different
- 00:18:38order of events for creating a program
- 00:18:40out there but I do this because it's
- 00:18:42more conceptual and tied to
- 00:18:45periodization and even though I'm going
- 00:18:46to talk about periodization last
- 00:18:48periodization probably comes first but
- 00:18:50I'm talking about it last so you have
- 00:18:52all these things in your head when we
- 00:18:53talk about periodization okay but this
- 00:18:56comes next because it depends on the
- 00:18:59phase and it depends on where the
- 00:19:00athletes trying to go and their goals
- 00:19:03okay and before I even get to exercises
- 00:19:05I do this first all right so first we
- 00:19:07need to understand what is training load
- 00:19:09when I say training load this can be
- 00:19:11defined as the total amount of work
- 00:19:13performed or the total stress placed on
- 00:19:15an athlete during the training sessions
- 00:19:17in the weight room is Quantified using
- 00:19:20sets times reps times weight or just
- 00:19:24intensity sometimes you can do intensity
- 00:19:27instead of the weight so sets times reps
- 00:19:29times intensity or RP rating of
- 00:19:31perceived exertion usually on a scale of
- 00:19:330 to 10 okay and that rpe scale is not a
- 00:19:37linear scale it it goes up to a five or
- 00:19:42six being like moderately hard not being
- 00:19:45average okay you'll see and you'll see
- 00:19:47it used in different ways but really in
- 00:19:49the literature five or six is is
- 00:19:51moderate to moderately hard and then it
- 00:19:53goes in smaller increments from 7 to 10
- 00:19:57okay so there's finer degradation
- 00:19:59at the more intense levels so first I
- 00:20:02say first not necess you're not going to
- 00:20:04necessarily go test everyone's 1 RM but
- 00:20:06you should determine at least a rough
- 00:20:09estimate okay because it's essential for
- 00:20:11calculating and setting training
- 00:20:12intensities a good
- 00:20:14practitioner can watch somebody warm up
- 00:20:17and pretty much tell how much they're
- 00:20:19going to be able to do that said if
- 00:20:22you're going to be working with this
- 00:20:23athlete for a long period of time and if
- 00:20:25they're under your care you're
- 00:20:26definitely going to need to do some sort
- 00:20:27of either estimate
- 00:20:29or actual one R attempt or or maybe a
- 00:20:323rm or something like that you can also
- 00:20:34use vbt to estimate it as well or rpe
- 00:20:38let's say they get good at using RP you
- 00:20:41can have them do a set of five or a set
- 00:20:43of three or a set of one and they'll
- 00:20:45give you the RP and you can plug that
- 00:20:47into a calculator to get the actual 1 RM
- 00:20:49or the the estimated 1 RM now there's I
- 00:20:52mentioned previously this relationship
- 00:20:54between volume and intensity it's an
- 00:20:57inverse relationship so as volume as the
- 00:20:59volume of work increases the intensity
- 00:21:02or 1 RM typically decreases within a
- 00:21:05session within a week within a mesocycle
- 00:21:08so if you're going to give someone a ton
- 00:21:09of volume for that day they probably
- 00:21:11can't do very high intensities at that
- 00:21:12volume if you're going to do give them a
- 00:21:15ton of volume over that mesocycle like
- 00:21:18lots of sets it's not they're not going
- 00:21:20to be able to do it at super super high
- 00:21:22intensities okay conversely if you're
- 00:21:24training at really really high
- 00:21:26intensities they're just not going to be
- 00:21:27able to sustain
- 00:21:29high enough volumes so when you're
- 00:21:31prescribing load it's always a balancing
- 00:21:33act okay now repetition ranges are
- 00:21:37important and I want to I want to
- 00:21:38explain this to you guys for those of
- 00:21:40you who are maybe let's say uninitiated
- 00:21:42in the weight room oftentimes I find
- 00:21:45that students think of rep ranges as
- 00:21:47like as sort of this this number that
- 00:21:49you just stop at like if I'm doing sets
- 00:21:52of five for that day versus sets of 10
- 00:21:54the weight doesn't really change I just
- 00:21:57stop at five instead of stopping at 10
- 00:21:59you know they might adjust the load a
- 00:22:00little bit but they typically will just
- 00:22:02arbitrarily stop at those numbers but
- 00:22:04really what we mean when we're looking
- 00:22:05at a repetition range typically is that
- 00:22:07it's a repetition maximum and so when
- 00:22:09you see these ranges where it says
- 00:22:11strength is train from one to six reps
- 00:22:13that doesn't mean with a load that you
- 00:22:16could do for more than that it means a
- 00:22:17load that you could do for only that
- 00:22:19number of reps with a little bit of
- 00:22:22degree of variation in there so let's
- 00:22:24say that I let's say that the most I can
- 00:22:27do for six reps at the high end of that
- 00:22:30strength or the low end of that
- 00:22:32hypertrophy range is 100 lb okay and I
- 00:22:37do six reps with 100 pounds the seventh
- 00:22:40rep I would fail if I tried it okay
- 00:22:42that's that's a six and if I train at
- 00:22:44that range I'm getting a blend of
- 00:22:46strength and hypertrophy strength and
- 00:22:48hypertrophy if I train at that weight
- 00:22:51for a set of five I'm stopping
- 00:22:53arbitrarily one short we call that one
- 00:22:56repetition in reserve it's still going
- 00:22:57to be a pretty High RP it's going to be
- 00:22:59about a 9 RP okay so I'm still training
- 00:23:02with pretty good intensity in the range
- 00:23:04of strength so I'm still getting a
- 00:23:06strength stimulus and I'm probably
- 00:23:07actually now training a little bit
- 00:23:09better because now that I'm keeping one
- 00:23:11rep in in the tank my fatigue is not
- 00:23:15nearly as high as if I maxed it out and
- 00:23:17did the full six reps so now I can maybe
- 00:23:20sustain even more volume in that
- 00:23:22strength Zone and then get a better
- 00:23:24training stimulus let's say though that
- 00:23:26instead of training at my 6rm I drop it
- 00:23:28down to 80 lb and let's say that's my 10
- 00:23:31RM and I arbitrarily stop at 5 this time
- 00:23:35as well now that's a much much lower
- 00:23:38percent of my Max the rpe is going to be
- 00:23:40much lower maybe a 5 5.5 rpe out of 10
- 00:23:44the intensity is much lower if I have
- 00:23:47five reps in reserve I'm training pretty
- 00:23:49far away from failure maybe even too far
- 00:23:51to get a lot of gains from that
- 00:23:54definitely too far away to get any
- 00:23:56strength gains Okay so even though I'm
- 00:23:58still training sets five the intensity
- 00:24:00is too low to really stimulate strength
- 00:24:03adaptations now of course I could train
- 00:24:06as fast as possible and accelerate
- 00:24:08really fast and now I'm doing more
- 00:24:10velocity Based training and and that
- 00:24:12will give me power gains okay so
- 00:24:15hopefully hopefully that makes sense
- 00:24:16with these repetition ranges okay so we
- 00:24:18talked about load repetitions onto
- 00:24:21volume so components of volume first is
- 00:24:24the repetitions the number of reps per
- 00:24:26set and then the number of sets
- 00:24:29and then the number of and then the
- 00:24:30amount of weight lifted that's the
- 00:24:32overall load as I've described in that
- 00:24:35previous slide we want to think about
- 00:24:37volume as a driver of a stimulus as as a
- 00:24:41driver of the magnitude of the stimulus
- 00:24:43so if I did one set of one one you know
- 00:24:48one one RM that's going to give me a
- 00:24:50certain magnitude of adaptation to
- 00:24:54strength if I did 10 sets 10 times the
- 00:24:57volume that that's going to give me a
- 00:24:59lot more adaptation but it is what
- 00:25:02what's that phrase where it's like oh
- 00:25:04diminishing returns the law of dim
- 00:25:06diminishing returns each consecutive set
- 00:25:09gives you more adaptation but slightly
- 00:25:12less than the set previous okay that's
- 00:25:15that's how we want to think about it
- 00:25:16both hypertrophy and strength gains are
- 00:25:18volume dependent but hypertrophy gains
- 00:25:21getting bigger muscles that's more
- 00:25:23driven by volume okay so we really want
- 00:25:26to focus on things like time under
- 00:25:28tension the number of hard sets sets
- 00:25:31with some like 6 to 20 repetitions Etc
- 00:25:35with strength that's more of like a
- 00:25:37moderate volume training Paradigm with
- 00:25:39power it's even less because with power
- 00:25:42if you train too much you actually start
- 00:25:44Mal adapting and get less powerful so so
- 00:25:47it kind of goes down the slope
- 00:25:50hypertrophy strength power as far as far
- 00:25:53as volume goes and that's you know very
- 00:25:56a very general generalized statement
- 00:25:58hypertrophy strength power all right and
- 00:26:00here are some of the guidelines so for
- 00:26:02strength we're thinking three to six
- 00:26:04sets per exercise per session
- 00:26:07hypertrophy you could do more and
- 00:26:09endurance we're doing higher reps maybe
- 00:26:13not necessarily a larger number of sets
- 00:26:16Okay and remember these are just these
- 00:26:18are just basic guidelines so I'm not
- 00:26:20necessarily going to do 12 sets per
- 00:26:22exercise all the time with hypertrophy
- 00:26:24that's maybe just the upper limit volume
- 00:26:27adjustments for athletes typically
- 00:26:28beginners don't need very much volume
- 00:26:31and they'll grow they'll get stronger
- 00:26:32off off of a small dose as you get more
- 00:26:35advanced you need a larger and larger
- 00:26:37dose typically okay next exercise
- 00:26:40selection so this is typically the first
- 00:26:42thing that people think about when they
- 00:26:43think about building a resistance
- 00:26:45training program instead of all the
- 00:26:47other things but that's putting the cart
- 00:26:49before the horse so once you have
- 00:26:50everything else in line then you go to
- 00:26:53exercise selection so this is CH
- 00:26:56choosing movements that effectively
- 00:26:57Target Target specific muscle groups and
- 00:27:00performance goals and they should align
- 00:27:02with all of that needs analysis that you
- 00:27:04did about the athlete and the sport and
- 00:27:07their goals okay so different types of
- 00:27:09exercise first and you guys probably
- 00:27:12know this already but we have compound
- 00:27:14movements isolation movements and then
- 00:27:16what we might call functional functional
- 00:27:18exercises that term has really been
- 00:27:19bastardized lately but maybe think of
- 00:27:22that as as exercises that mimic real
- 00:27:24life sport or Sports specific movements
- 00:27:26compound movements just means that they
- 00:27:28use more than one joint isolation means
- 00:27:30that it isolates a single joint okay and
- 00:27:33then again functional exercises they're
- 00:27:35a bit more complex typically and they
- 00:27:37mimic some sort of real life movement
- 00:27:40when we're thinking about which
- 00:27:41exercises to select we want to think
- 00:27:43about specificity safety and efficiency
- 00:27:45first do the exercises align with things
- 00:27:49like the biomechanical principles of the
- 00:27:51sport the um the force characteristics
- 00:27:54like the the force and velocity
- 00:27:56characteristics of the sport with the
- 00:27:58needs of the athlete okay next we want
- 00:28:01to look at safety I mean really safety
- 00:28:03should be first but let's be honest we
- 00:28:05don't think of Safety First consider is
- 00:28:08this movement safe for the athlete so if
- 00:28:10I'm working with like an an injured
- 00:28:12youth athlete I'm probably not going to
- 00:28:13give them snatches if I'm working with
- 00:28:16an overhead athlete I'm going to
- 00:28:18definitely ask them a lot about their
- 00:28:20shoulders before we do any type of you
- 00:28:23know behind the neck push press so we're
- 00:28:25thinking safety factors next efficiency
- 00:28:28how much setup does this exercise
- 00:28:29actually take to do do you need to pull
- 00:28:32out 10 different pieces of equipment and
- 00:28:34how long does it take to actually get a
- 00:28:35training effect versus something that I
- 00:28:37could just walk over there and get set
- 00:28:39up right away progression and variation
- 00:28:41so with our exercises we want to
- 00:28:44progress from less complex to more
- 00:28:47complex over the life not the lifespan
- 00:28:50well yeah over the lifespan but really
- 00:28:51over the training span of the athlete
- 00:28:53that you have them let's say you have
- 00:28:54them for a year which is generous these
- 00:28:57days most people don't stay with a coach
- 00:28:58for that long let's say you have them
- 00:29:00for a year though and they're really
- 00:29:02green how are you going to get them from
- 00:29:04not touching a barbell ever to doing
- 00:29:07let's say hang power cleans with enough
- 00:29:09load to generate a good stimulus and how
- 00:29:12are you going to do that effectively
- 00:29:14while still giving them a good training
- 00:29:15stimulus along the way okay so that's as
- 00:29:18you progress them you need to be
- 00:29:19thinking about layering effective
- 00:29:22exercises so that one potentiates the
- 00:29:24next for instance in that situation I
- 00:29:27would probably get the athlete doing
- 00:29:29front squats from day one I probably
- 00:29:32also get them doing some sort of mid
- 00:29:33thigh pole just the pole on day one as
- 00:29:36well so that eventually they're going to
- 00:29:38be really comfortable exploding from the
- 00:29:40mid thigh position and catching it in
- 00:29:43the front rack position okay so I'm
- 00:29:45thinking about how do I layer these
- 00:29:46exercises with the end goal in mind and
- 00:29:49then we want to incorporate Sports
- 00:29:50specific movements but obviously we want
- 00:29:52to balance that with General
- 00:29:55preparedness okay so we know that to be
- 00:29:57Sports specific you don't have to like
- 00:29:59do the sport with weights on like like
- 00:30:02for soccer athlete you're not just going
- 00:30:03to strap a weighted vest and say go play
- 00:30:05soccer and that's your resistance
- 00:30:07training you're not going to go kick a
- 00:30:08weighted soccer ball but you do want to
- 00:30:10think about okay what muscles need to be
- 00:30:13powerful what muscles need to be
- 00:30:15posturally strong uh what muscles are
- 00:30:18are frequently injured and how can we
- 00:30:20create robust you know tissue tolerance
- 00:30:22in in those structures and that would be
- 00:30:25Sports specific to soccer exercise order
- 00:30:28is next so you've chosen your exercises
- 00:30:30you you've looked at compound movements
- 00:30:31you've chosen some isolation movements
- 00:30:33they're sport specific a good blend of
- 00:30:36sport specific and general preparedness
- 00:30:38now how do we actually order them in a
- 00:30:40training session well there's a few
- 00:30:42General guidelines first we want to go
- 00:30:44compound before isolation uh this is
- 00:30:46because compound movements are typically
- 00:30:49more valuable they generate more
- 00:30:51strength more coordination they take
- 00:30:53more central nervous system coordination
- 00:30:55and they also cause more fatigue and so
- 00:30:58oh and they're typically they typically
- 00:31:00have more risk associated with them so
- 00:31:02you do them first so that you're fresh
- 00:31:03and then you finish up with the
- 00:31:05isolation movements we also want to
- 00:31:07think high intensity before low
- 00:31:08intensity so if you have let's say power
- 00:31:11snatches from the knee very high
- 00:31:14intensity exercise high power outputs
- 00:31:16and let's say you have I don't know
- 00:31:18lateral raises well you're going to do
- 00:31:20the lateral raises last because not only
- 00:31:23do the snatches need a really stable
- 00:31:25shoulder joint but the the intensity is
- 00:31:28so much higher you want to be fresh
- 00:31:29while you're doing them to get the most
- 00:31:30out of that power movement and then even
- 00:31:33if you're tired you can bang out the
- 00:31:34lateral raises no matter what state
- 00:31:36you're in okay so high before low
- 00:31:39intensity and then also influence on
- 00:31:40training Effectiveness we want to think
- 00:31:43about things that enhance muscle
- 00:31:45activation strength gains hypertrophic
- 00:31:47responses so maybe if the goal is
- 00:31:49hypertrophy maybe you actually do want
- 00:31:51to pre-exhaust a muscle in an isolation
- 00:31:54movement before going to a compound
- 00:31:57movement okay that's an advanced
- 00:31:59hypertrophy technique maybe you want to
- 00:32:01do something like a back squat before
- 00:32:03doing a vertical jump if your goal is
- 00:32:05power training that's an advanced power
- 00:32:09programming thing called post potenti
- 00:32:11post activation potentiation Pap so
- 00:32:14depending on your goal if your goal is
- 00:32:15strength and power typically we begin
- 00:32:16with the heavy compound lifts in
- 00:32:18hypertrophy you typically also begin
- 00:32:21with heavy compound lifts followed by
- 00:32:22isolation but you can sometimes reverse
- 00:32:24that like I said in pre-exhaustion for
- 00:32:26endurance it's it's not as important
- 00:32:29because you're not using quite as heavy
- 00:32:30loads when training for muscular
- 00:32:32endurance but I would say still the
- 00:32:35definitely the intensity first followed
- 00:32:38by low intensity would apply even in
- 00:32:40endurance but you know it if with with
- 00:32:43endurance strength endurance in the
- 00:32:44weight room we're thinking things like
- 00:32:46circuit training where everything is
- 00:32:48Blended together so so the order is not
- 00:32:51quite as important okay rest periods so
- 00:32:55rest rest periods absolutely will
- 00:32:57influence
- 00:32:58the adaptations whether they are
- 00:33:00strength power hypertrophy or endurance
- 00:33:02adaptations shorter rest leads to more
- 00:33:05metabolic stress but potentially lower
- 00:33:08performance in the subsequent lifts
- 00:33:10these are the guidelines in general for
- 00:33:13these different training goals for
- 00:33:16resting when you're in the weight room
- 00:33:18for strength and power we want up to
- 00:33:20five minutes maybe even more between our
- 00:33:22sets so that we get that full
- 00:33:24resynthesis of phosphate for
- 00:33:26hypertrophy you can go as low as 30
- 00:33:28seconds but typically we want at least
- 00:33:3190 seconds and that's mostly for safety
- 00:33:34if we're doing heavy compound movements
- 00:33:36as we should be unless you're in like a
- 00:33:38circuit training environment or if
- 00:33:39you're doing isolation compound or sorry
- 00:33:42isolation single joint movements then
- 00:33:44resting less than a minute and a half is
- 00:33:46is probably okay and then for endurance
- 00:33:49you know less than 30 seconds definitely
- 00:33:51increases the endurance effect but it
- 00:33:53might lead to decreased performance in
- 00:33:55the next set as I said compound lifts
- 00:33:57require more rest and the rest needs are
- 00:33:59going to vary based on the individuals
- 00:34:01if you have a little tiny person that
- 00:34:02you're training right let's say a small
- 00:34:04female in my experience they're like oh
- 00:34:06I'm ready to go you know set of 10
- 00:34:07deadlifts okay I feel great let's do
- 00:34:09that again a really large individual
- 00:34:12typically requires more rest not just
- 00:34:14and and don't think of it as just
- 00:34:16because they're out of shape it's just
- 00:34:18because that individual has so much more
- 00:34:20body mass to move whether it's by height
- 00:34:23or muscle mass Etc and they're typically
- 00:34:25moving more muscle mass and so
- 00:34:27metabolically it's a lot more difficult
- 00:34:29for that individual and so they may need
- 00:34:30more rest obviously their Fitness
- 00:34:32characteristics also come into play if
- 00:34:34you're working with like a soccer
- 00:34:35athlete versus a shot putter we're going
- 00:34:37to have some different metabolic
- 00:34:39profiles there so the rest will vary for
- 00:34:41those individuals as well typically I
- 00:34:43don't time rest periods I let people
- 00:34:46Auto regulate them so I just say hey
- 00:34:48when you're ready to go again we're
- 00:34:49going to go unless I'm trying to get
- 00:34:52some sort of a metabolic stimulus and I
- 00:34:54need to keep rests short or if we're
- 00:34:56under a time crunch all right right now
- 00:34:58last section I promise you but we need
- 00:35:00to tie this all together with
- 00:35:02periodization what is periodization uh
- 00:35:05periodization is a is a number of things
- 00:35:07but really it's a concept that describes
- 00:35:10the training process as being
- 00:35:12cyclical founded on building specific
- 00:35:15Fitness characteristics in sequence in a
- 00:35:18nonlinear way such that you Peak at the
- 00:35:21right time and avoid overtraining okay
- 00:35:25it's a way of roadmapping
- 00:35:28not the specific route that you'll take
- 00:35:31okay but in general seeing the end
- 00:35:34destination and knowing hey there's a
- 00:35:35few different ways I can get there but
- 00:35:37I'm going to plan it out sequentially
- 00:35:39and logically so that I get there in the
- 00:35:41quickest or maybe the safest way
- 00:35:44possible okay okay so when we're
- 00:35:46thinking about
- 00:35:48periodization we're thinking about
- 00:35:50Progressive overload specificity and
- 00:35:52variation among other things we're
- 00:35:55thinking how are we injecting a new
- 00:35:58stimulus rather a larger magnitude of
- 00:36:00stimulus with Progressive overload with
- 00:36:02specificity we're thinking what are the
- 00:36:04specific traits I need to train by the
- 00:36:07end or need to have trained and what do
- 00:36:09I need to develop sequentially in order
- 00:36:11to get there okay like if I want to be a
- 00:36:14really powerful athlete well I know that
- 00:36:17power is force times velocity okay so am
- 00:36:20I training force and velocity and I know
- 00:36:24that if power is force times velocity
- 00:36:26that's like moving a weight quickly
- 00:36:28including my own body weight so if I can
- 00:36:30make that weight a lighter percentage of
- 00:36:33my Max then that means I need to get
- 00:36:35stronger and if I get stronger it'll be
- 00:36:37a lighter percentage of my Max okay well
- 00:36:39to get stronger I know that the only
- 00:36:42tissue in the human body that produces
- 00:36:44force is muscle tissue so to get
- 00:36:47stronger one way to do that one way to
- 00:36:50increase my capacity for strength is to
- 00:36:52make the muscle bigger okay so so now
- 00:36:55we're we're seeing how we can logically
- 00:36:57sequence these training adaptations such
- 00:37:01that they support the end goal of power
- 00:37:03so first I make the muscle bigger I
- 00:37:05teach the muscle how to be stronger okay
- 00:37:08that bigger muscle is now stronger and
- 00:37:10then with that new Strength I move
- 00:37:13lighter weights more quickly and
- 00:37:15therefore now I'm more powerful okay now
- 00:37:18there's different types of periodization
- 00:37:19you're going to hear all kinds of
- 00:37:20different names linear periodization
- 00:37:22typically means a gradual increase in
- 00:37:25intensity with a corresponding decrease
- 00:37:28in volume over time okay you've probably
- 00:37:30seen that graph I don't like the term
- 00:37:34because I've been influenced by you know
- 00:37:36certain Sports scientists who also don't
- 00:37:38like the term but basically linearity is
- 00:37:41not a component of periodization
- 00:37:43periodization is cyclical and it is on
- 00:37:47purpose nonlinear okay so it's kind of a
- 00:37:50contradiction in terms nonlinear or
- 00:37:53undulating periodization same thing this
- 00:37:56this is a term term that sometimes gets
- 00:37:59you know a little bit misused I would
- 00:38:00rather say
- 00:38:01undulating programming typically because
- 00:38:04all periodization should be undulating
- 00:38:06to some extent but over a longer time
- 00:38:09Horizon okay but typically this refers
- 00:38:11to frequent changes in intensity and
- 00:38:13volume to stimulate adaptation while
- 00:38:15managing fatigue typically when you hear
- 00:38:17undulating
- 00:38:18periodization that means within a
- 00:38:21microcycle or within a week you're
- 00:38:23changing like you're doing fives one day
- 00:38:25threes the next day 10 the next day okay
- 00:38:27I would rather call that ulating
- 00:38:29programming but it's important for you
- 00:38:31to know that you'll hear both terms and
- 00:38:33then block periodization is is another
- 00:38:37form of periodization and this is
- 00:38:39dividing training into blocks with a
- 00:38:41specific Focus such as hypertrophy
- 00:38:43strength and power and only training for
- 00:38:46that characteristic during that block
- 00:38:48now again most most periodization is in
- 00:38:53some way all three of these in general
- 00:38:57we want to have higher volumes to lower
- 00:38:59volumes lower intensity to higher
- 00:39:01intensity lower skill to higher skill
- 00:39:04okay so that we can Peak at a certain
- 00:39:06time whether that's on a certain day or
- 00:39:08for a competitive season in general
- 00:39:10we're going to have some undulation in
- 00:39:13the amount of volume and intensity we're
- 00:39:14going to have D Lo weeks okay we're not
- 00:39:16going to always train the exact same way
- 00:39:19we need a little bit of variation and in
- 00:39:22some way all periodization is going to
- 00:39:24have specific periods of emphasis and
- 00:39:27emphasis where you emphasize one
- 00:39:29training quality and deemphasize but
- 00:39:32still maintain the other training
- 00:39:33qualities okay typically we divide the
- 00:39:36phases into roughly the Preparatory
- 00:39:39phase the competitive phase and then the
- 00:39:42transition phase which is where we
- 00:39:44recover okay you could also think of
- 00:39:46this as the uh General preparation phase
- 00:39:49the specific preparation phase where you
- 00:39:51go from General training to more Sports
- 00:39:53specific and then into the competitive
- 00:39:56phase okay some people also call this
- 00:39:58accumulation where you're accumulating
- 00:40:00volume transmutation where you take all
- 00:40:03that training you've done and you turn
- 00:40:05it into something Sports specific
- 00:40:07transmute it and then realization where
- 00:40:09you realize the gains of the training
- 00:40:11process and why do we period periodize
- 00:40:14Well it it enhances the performance by
- 00:40:17systematically targeting different
- 00:40:19Fitness components as I've said and it
- 00:40:21reduces the risk of overtraining because
- 00:40:23now we're managing all of the training
- 00:40:25variables in a scientific evidence-based
- 00:40:28and logical way okay instead of just
- 00:40:31sort of willy-nilly doing what we want
- 00:40:33or instead of rigidly following a
- 00:40:35training program no matter how the
- 00:40:37athlete is feeling as we implement
- 00:40:39periodization we want to start with
- 00:40:40long-term goals so we're looking towards
- 00:40:42the end of the year this is why you have
- 00:40:44to start with the end in mind in order
- 00:40:46to produce the rest of the training
- 00:40:48process and you need to adjust it based
- 00:40:51on athlete feedback so some people
- 00:40:53mistakenly think that periodization is
- 00:40:55like everything is prescribed to the tea
- 00:40:57and you don't deviate from it when in
- 00:40:59fact it's a dynamic plan that if you
- 00:41:02have a good athlete monitoring program
- 00:41:04which is another overly long lecture in
- 00:41:07and of itself and you're monitoring the
- 00:41:09athletes sufficiently and you know for a
- 00:41:11lot of people that's just checking in
- 00:41:13with the athletes hey how did you feel
- 00:41:14this week how did you feel after
- 00:41:16training if you're monitoring the
- 00:41:17athletes effectively then you're making
- 00:41:20small adjustments it's like on the road
- 00:41:22map if you hit a roadblock you're not
- 00:41:24just going to plow through it you know
- 00:41:25you're going to take the alternate route
- 00:41:27to get to where you need to go you might
- 00:41:29just you you might just be taking a
- 00:41:31circuitous route yeah so that is the end
- 00:41:35you guys that's the end of the slides
- 00:41:36that I put together for you maybe a few
- 00:41:38too many slides but thank you for
- 00:41:41Patiently sitting through my monologues
- 00:41:44and I know we're over time but if I do
- 00:41:47have a couple minutes if we want to do
- 00:41:49some questions and then Jacob I'm I'm
- 00:41:51more than happy to do a followup you
- 00:41:53know via email if you guys have specific
- 00:41:55questions or if you want to type out
- 00:41:57more detailed questions and send them to
- 00:41:59me like totally good with that as
- 00:42:02well yeah that's a really good question
- 00:42:04and it's a question that tells that
- 00:42:06tells me you've worked with people
- 00:42:08before because it's not something you
- 00:42:09think about typically if you haven't
- 00:42:11worked with people before or coach them
- 00:42:13and it's one of the first things that
- 00:42:14you'll observe especially if you've
- 00:42:16weight trained before and you know what
- 00:42:18it is like to go to failure and how far
- 00:42:21you are from failure proximity to
- 00:42:23failure and so I do two things the first
- 00:42:25thing is I have them do an actual
- 00:42:27Max okay and and doing an actual Max
- 00:42:32sort of sets the ceiling for them I
- 00:42:34don't do that on the first on the first
- 00:42:36go okay typically it's a few sessions in
- 00:42:40and then and then I let them know
- 00:42:41beforeand hey next time we're going to
- 00:42:43actually test how much you can do at
- 00:42:44this it's going to be totally safe I'll
- 00:42:46be there I'll be spotting you I usually
- 00:42:48teach them how to fail the lift first so
- 00:42:50they feel very comfortable and of course
- 00:42:52I make sure that there's no like
- 00:42:54potential injury history that could that
- 00:42:56could be a risk factor the other thing
- 00:42:59that I do is I watch their bar speed and
- 00:43:01so typically when I'm coaching people
- 00:43:03for most lifts I want them to do the
- 00:43:05concentric portion of the lift as fast
- 00:43:07as possible because there's a lot of
- 00:43:09research showing that you get much
- 00:43:11better faster strength gains if you do
- 00:43:14Max effort uh concentric portion of the
- 00:43:17lift and so by visually assessing the
- 00:43:20bar speed I can typically tell how close
- 00:43:22they are to failure and a lot a lot of
- 00:43:24times the untrained folks or or folks
- 00:43:27who never press close to that they think
- 00:43:30as soon as the bar slows down at all
- 00:43:32that the next rep they're gonna fail so
- 00:43:34I I talk them through that and I basic I
- 00:43:37usually just tell tell them give me
- 00:43:38another give me another give me another
- 00:43:41and then they start surprising
- 00:43:42themselves and and and realizing like oh
- 00:43:45that's what it feels like to grind out a
- 00:43:47rep and I'm usually in there close and
- 00:43:49I'll tell them you know grind it out
- 00:43:50grind it out and I don't do that all the
- 00:43:52time and nor should they do that on
- 00:43:53every set but if I need them to
- 00:43:55experience it that's what I do yeah yeah
- 00:43:57really good question
- 00:44:00Jacob good question it depends on if
- 00:44:02their Plateau is in the strength or
- 00:44:05muscle size or a plateau in a specific
- 00:44:08lift and it depends on what they've been
- 00:44:10do so it depends it depends on what
- 00:44:12they've been doing leading up to that
- 00:44:14but let's say I assessed all of that and
- 00:44:16and we knew and let's say it was a
- 00:44:19plateau in strength in that case I would
- 00:44:22probably first make a small switch to
- 00:44:25the Loading schemes okay let's let's say
- 00:44:27they're training for strength they're
- 00:44:28doing sets of 3 to five they hit a
- 00:44:30plateau and they feel like you know it's
- 00:44:33been a few weeks and I've not making any
- 00:44:35more gains two options one option
- 00:44:37introduce a novel stimulus option number
- 00:44:39two go back up the periodization ladder
- 00:44:43and and sort of rebuild and then hit it
- 00:44:46again and I guess that would also be
- 00:44:48introducing a novel stimulus if that
- 00:44:50makes sense so so in the first case you
- 00:44:53could do something like Ecentric
- 00:44:56Ecentric accent a training you could do
- 00:44:58something like velocity Based training
- 00:45:00you could do something like rest pause
- 00:45:02training you could do something like
- 00:45:03myor reps so like introducing a novel
- 00:45:05training stimulus with the same movement
- 00:45:08in the same you know strength parameters
- 00:45:10okay you could also introduce that
- 00:45:12novelty by just going back to sets of 10
- 00:45:15or 12 and then building back up into
- 00:45:18that strength stimulus does that make
- 00:45:19sense so sort of repeating the process
- 00:45:22mhm mhm yeah really good question you've
- 00:45:25been following coach wolf right yeah
- 00:45:28yeah nice yeah so to be honest I don't
- 00:45:30have a lot of experience with lengthened
- 00:45:32partials and when to inject them into
- 00:45:34training but if we go based off of off
- 00:45:38of scientific principles and we think
- 00:45:40about the fact that in its lengthened
- 00:45:43State the muscle is going to experience
- 00:45:45a lot of mechanical tension and so if
- 00:45:48we're loading that lengthened partial
- 00:45:51range of motion with a lot of time under
- 00:45:53tension there's going to be a lot of
- 00:45:55Doms that are created and generated so
- 00:46:00if your athlete is far from competition
- 00:46:03I say totally fine that's great and in
- 00:46:05fact it might be a good thing to do
- 00:46:07because now we're actually potentially
- 00:46:09improving their range of motion as well
- 00:46:11if they're close to competition then I
- 00:46:13would say don't do the lengthen partials
- 00:46:16let's focus on things that cause less
- 00:46:18fatigue more output instead yeah and and
- 00:46:22Jacob that's a super good point and I'm
- 00:46:24glad you said that when we think about D
- 00:46:26loading we are resensitizing the athlete
- 00:46:30to the training stimulus so in that
- 00:46:33process of resensitization not only are
- 00:46:35we dropping fatigue but now the Adaptive
- 00:46:39resistance or to put it conversely the
- 00:46:42resistance to adaptation that they've
- 00:46:44built up during the training process
- 00:46:46it's actually now going to dissipate as
- 00:46:48well with fatigue and they might find
- 00:46:50that after they return from a nice week
- 00:46:52of Del loading that they can train hard
- 00:46:54again and they can train with renewed
- 00:46:56vigor and they can hit hit that you know
- 00:46:58hit the same Mark and then bust through
- 00:47:00it to break the plateau yeah really good
- 00:47:02question so gosh warm-ups can be so many
- 00:47:05things or they can be a lot of nothing
- 00:47:08that how's that for a not very helpful
- 00:47:11answer so I think of warm-ups as a time
- 00:47:15to sneak in some things that I think the
- 00:47:18athletes need that also prepares them
- 00:47:22for their session and it depends on the
- 00:47:24athlete and it depends on the needs and
- 00:47:26it depends on the
- 00:47:27um in my class what I tell them is
- 00:47:30obviously you want to follow the
- 00:47:32guidelines of well that the NCA puts out
- 00:47:35ra ramp the ramp protocol raise activate
- 00:47:39and mobilize and then potentiate which
- 00:47:41is essentially a way of saying you raise
- 00:47:43the the physiological metabolic
- 00:47:45processes heart rate blood pressure
- 00:47:47sweating rate body temperature did I say
- 00:47:50that one that's R and then activate and
- 00:47:52mobilize you activate muscles and you
- 00:47:54mobilize joints okay and you could do do
- 00:47:56that with Dynamic stretching sequences
- 00:47:58or skipping drills or targeted
- 00:48:01activations or mini bands or really like
- 00:48:05the sky the limit and it depends on your
- 00:48:07athletes and what you're preparing them
- 00:48:09for and then potentiate means that you
- 00:48:11do something that Bridges the gap
- 00:48:13between warm-up and workout so that
- 00:48:15they're ready to hit the workout with
- 00:48:17sufficient in intensity typically for me
- 00:48:20that's some sort of a plyo or a medball
- 00:48:22throw or a short Sprint something that
- 00:48:24really gets to use a colloquial term the
- 00:48:27nervous system firing right it really it
- 00:48:30just raises their level of overall
- 00:48:32activation and motivation for the task
- 00:48:34at hand so I don't yeah I I would say
- 00:48:38warm-ups can do all of that a and at the
- 00:48:42same time sometimes I don't even warm
- 00:48:44the athletes up we just go in and we
- 00:48:46start with the bar for a set of 10 and
- 00:48:47then they go into it it depends on on a
- 00:48:50lot of things it depends on you know
- 00:48:52what are their needs and what type of
- 00:48:55session are we doing what's the
- 00:48:56important of it how much time do we have
- 00:48:58for that session sometimes I'm like okay
- 00:49:00I could do a 15minute warm-up with all
- 00:49:02of this great rehab prehab stuff but man
- 00:49:04this athlete's under a lot of of time
- 00:49:07stress and they're in the middle of
- 00:49:08finals and really I just need them to
- 00:49:11get a 15minute hard stimulus and then
- 00:49:13shut it down for the day and so yeah we
- 00:49:16might do like a thre minute 4 minute
- 00:49:18warmup and then get a 12 minute stimulus
- 00:49:22and then be done or we might have two
- 00:49:23hours and so it's like okay there's so
- 00:49:26much that I could do let's take a full
- 00:49:2815minute warmup and we're going to do
- 00:49:29all these different things and I'm going
- 00:49:30to be teaching them new movement
- 00:49:31patterns and you know giving prescribing
- 00:49:34new prehab work for them to do later but
- 00:49:36I'm teaching them now in the warmup and
- 00:49:38all that kind of stuff so yeah it varies
- 00:49:40but hopefully some of those examples
- 00:49:42were helpful a warm-up can be as much as
- 00:49:46you want or need it to be or as little
- 00:49:49as doing a set of 10 with the bar for
- 00:49:52your first movement and then adding
- 00:49:54weight from there yeah you're welcome
- 00:49:56yeah definitely and and I'll say this
- 00:49:57will be the last thing I say before I
- 00:49:59have to go I I've been I've had the
- 00:50:01pleasure of working with more and more
- 00:50:03pts who are really integrated into the
- 00:50:06training process and into the high
- 00:50:07performance model and see them really
- 00:50:10leveraging a lot of this like really
- 00:50:13good training knowledge and really good
- 00:50:14sports science knowledge and then also
- 00:50:16bringing it back to the clinical setting
- 00:50:18as well because it's that trickle down
- 00:50:20approach you know what we do for the
- 00:50:23high performing athletes obviously takes
- 00:50:25a lot more person power lot more money a
- 00:50:27lot more expertise but as as that
- 00:50:31becomes more and more ubiquitous it
- 00:50:32trickles down to everyone and then we
- 00:50:34can all benefit from it and so if you
- 00:50:36have the chance or the opportunity as a
- 00:50:37practitioner ever to work for a period
- 00:50:40of time in a high performance
- 00:50:41environment and then you can take some
- 00:50:43of what you learned there and the
- 00:50:45passion there and the individualization
- 00:50:47and the pursuit of excellence and then
- 00:50:49incorporate that into your personal
- 00:50:51practice with the general population
- 00:50:53where it's arguably much more needed
- 00:50:56right where it's it may not be as
- 00:50:58incentivized with the dollar but you
- 00:51:00better believe it's going to change a
- 00:51:01lot more lives when you are putting that
- 00:51:03to practice with you know with you let
- 00:51:07let's say a 40 40 hour a week Blue
- 00:51:09Collar guy who can get his job back
- 00:51:11because of the return to play protocol
- 00:51:13that you learned working with the
- 00:51:14basketball team and now he can get back
- 00:51:16on the assembly line right or you know
- 00:51:19helping that soccer mom who had low back
- 00:51:21pain to get strong again so now she can
- 00:51:24go to all her kids soccer games and you
- 00:51:25know pick up her little the East and all
- 00:51:27that kind of stuff to like live life
- 00:51:28more to the full I think it's such a
- 00:51:30it's such a cool opportunity that you
- 00:51:32all are choosing to do so I commend you
- 00:51:35for that and I challenge you to to look
- 00:51:37to these adjacent
- 00:51:38Fields find what you can and then apply
- 00:51:42it to what you're passionate
- 00:51:45about thanks for tuning in to that
- 00:51:47lecture if you made it to the end well
- 00:51:49congratulations that was like a long
- 00:51:51time of me just talking at you I hope
- 00:51:53you found something valuable in there if
- 00:51:55you want more Sports science content
- 00:51:57like this then don't forget to subscribe
- 00:51:59to the channel it really does help out
- 00:52:01like the video if this was valuable to
- 00:52:02you and if you want more resources don't
- 00:52:04forget to check out my patreon and some
- 00:52:06of the other links in the description
- 00:52:08all right you guys thanks for hanging
- 00:52:10out on this video and I'll see you on
- 00:52:11the next one
- 00:52:16[Music]
- resistance training
- physical therapy
- exercise selection
- needs analysis
- training frequency
- periodization
- strength training
- hypertrophy
- exercise order
- athlete assessment