65+ Being old in rural Japan

Japan faces a significant aging population issue, with nearly a quarter of its 130 million citizens aged 65 or older. This trend is expected to rise to 40% by 2050, particularly affecting rural areas where young people migrate to cities for better job opportunities, leaving the elderly behind. The concept of 'shut-in communities' has emerged, where over half the population is elderly, prompting research into active aging in rural Japan by a team from the University of Vienna.

The research project, lasting over a year, focused on the active aging of seniors in rural communities in Nagano and Yamanashi prefectures. The study aimed to understand how the elderly manage their lives and maintain active participation in society, gathering data through interviews with seniors and local experts.

Active aging, a term coined by the WHO in the late 1990s, encompasses not just physical and mental activity but also ongoing participation in social, economic, cultural, and spiritual life. Many elderly individuals live alone, often due to the loss of partners or children moving away, making active aging crucial for their independence and community vitality.

The three communities studied face challenges with infrastructure and access to services, with limited shops available. A community bus service helps the elderly access essential services, but its sustainability is threatened by low usage. Some seniors rely on delivery services for groceries, while others maintain mobility through personal vehicles, which also serve as a means of physical and mental exercise.

Agriculture remains a significant activity for many elderly individuals, with a large portion of farmers over 65. While traditional rice farming is declining, some seniors continue to cultivate vegetables for personal use, contributing to their active aging and social interactions. Farming fosters community ties as neighbors share produce and assist each other during busy seasons.