Pendapatan Nasional

The lecture begins with an introduction to national income, emphasizing its importance in assessing the health of an economy. The definition of national income is presented as the total income received by the citizens of a country over a year, and various definitions from 1996 are discussed to highlight its significance in measuring development and well-being.

The objectives and benefits of studying national income are outlined, including understanding the capabilities and equity of a nation's economy, aiding government planning, and advocating for policy formulation. The discussion highlights how national income helps in inter-regional economic comparison and in establishing benchmarks against other countries.

Factors influencing national income are identified, including demand and supply, consumption, saving, and investment. The lecture then transitions to approaches for calculating national income, focusing on the production approach, where national income is derived from the total value of goods and services produced within an economy.

The production approach is explained in detail, highlighting Indonesia's nine economic sectors used to calculate national income — agriculture, mining, manufacturing, electricity, and more. There’s a breakdown into primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors, explaining how these contribute to national income without duplicating calculations.

The lecture covers the income approach for calculating national income, which sums all income generated from production factors like labor, land, and capital, including wages, rent, interest, and profits. It also addresses issues like indirect taxes, depreciation, and how to avoid double counting in income calculations.