BOSCH VE-Pump Operation

00:18:27
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SqBlqdeP3uE

Summary

TLDRLa vidéo présente le fonctionnement de la pompe VE, un type de pompe à injection diesel. Elle explique comment la pompe distribue le carburant à haute pression aux cylindres, en utilisant un plongeur rotatif et un système de mesure pour contrôler la quantité de carburant injectée. Le rôle du gouverneur est également abordé, ainsi que les ajustements nécessaires pour le service et le dépannage. La vidéo souligne l'importance de la pompe VE dans les moteurs diesel modernes et décrit les mécanismes de réglage du timing d'injection.

Takeaways

  • 🔧 Compréhension du fonctionnement de la pompe VE.
  • 🚗 Importance croissante des pompes VE dans les véhicules modernes.
  • 💡 Distribution de carburant par un plongeur rotatif.
  • 📏 Contrôle de la livraison de carburant par un manchon de mesure.
  • ⚙️ Rôle du gouverneur dans la régulation de l'injection.
  • 🔄 Ajustement de la livraison à pleine charge sur le banc d'essai.
  • ⏱️ Réglage du timing d'injection par rotation du boîtier de la pompe.
  • 🔍 Importance de la pression de la pompe d'alimentation.
  • 🚀 Avantages de la pompe VE par rapport à d'autres types de pompes.
  • 💰 Livraison zéro pour une économie de carburant en conduite urbaine.

Timeline

  • 00:00:00 - 00:05:00

    Ce programme vous permettra de comprendre le fonctionnement de la pompe VE, essentielle pour le service et le dépannage. La pompe VE, de type distributeur, est de plus en plus courante dans les voitures passagers et d'autres applications comme l'agriculture. Elle est compacte, avec une pompe d'alimentation intégrée qui maintient le carburant sous pression, et fonctionne par rotation et course du piston pour distribuer le carburant à chaque cylindre dans l'ordre d'allumage.

  • 00:05:00 - 00:10:00

    La pompe VE fonctionne avec un piston unique qui effectue une rotation et une course. Le piston remplit le carburant pendant la course, puis le distribue à haute pression. La livraison s'arrête grâce à un manchon de dosage qui ouvre un port de décharge, permettant au carburant restant de retourner à l'intérieur de la pompe. Chaque rotation du piston correspond à une course, et la pompe VE est identifiée par ses fentes de remplissage qui ferment par rotation.

  • 00:10:00 - 00:18:27

    Le régulateur de la pompe VE contrôle la livraison de carburant en fonction de la charge et de la vitesse du moteur. À l'accélération, le manchon de dosage se déplace pour ajuster la quantité de carburant injectée. Des réglages peuvent être effectués sur le banc d'essai pour optimiser la livraison de carburant à pleine charge. Enfin, le timing d'injection est ajusté en faisant pivoter le boîtier de la pompe, ce qui est crucial pour le bon fonctionnement du moteur.

Mind Map

Video Q&A

  • Qu'est-ce qu'une pompe VE ?

    La pompe VE est une pompe à injection diesel de type distributeur, compacte et intégrée, utilisée dans de nombreuses applications automobiles et industrielles.

  • Comment fonctionne la distribution de carburant dans une pompe VE ?

    La pompe VE utilise un plongeur rotatif pour distribuer le carburant à haute pression à chaque cylindre dans l'ordre d'allumage.

  • Qu'est-ce que le contrôle de la livraison de carburant ?

    Le contrôle de la livraison de carburant est effectué par un manchon de mesure qui détermine la quantité de carburant injectée en fonction de la position de l'accélérateur.

  • Comment ajuster la livraison de carburant à pleine charge ?

    L'ajustement de la livraison de carburant à pleine charge se fait via une vis d'ajustement sur le banc d'essai, jamais sur le véhicule.

  • Quel est le rôle du gouverneur dans une pompe VE ?

    Le gouverneur contrôle la quantité de carburant injectée en fonction de la charge et du régime moteur.

  • Comment se fait le réglage du timing d'injection ?

    Le timing d'injection est ajusté en faisant pivoter le boîtier de la pompe autour de l'axe de l'arbre d'entraînement.

  • Pourquoi la pompe VE est-elle importante ?

    La pompe VE est essentielle pour le fonctionnement efficace des moteurs diesel modernes, en assurant une injection précise du carburant.

  • Quels sont les avantages d'une pompe VE par rapport à d'autres types de pompes ?

    La pompe VE est plus compacte et intègre des fonctions comme la régulation de pression et la distribution, ce qui la rend plus efficace.

  • Comment la pression de la pompe d'alimentation affecte-t-elle le fonctionnement de la pompe VE ?

    La pression de la pompe d'alimentation influence le mouvement du piston de timing, ce qui affecte le moment de l'injection.

  • Qu'est-ce que la livraison zéro ?

    La livraison zéro se produit lorsque le manchon de mesure est si proche du point mort bas que l'injection de carburant ne se produit pas.

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  • 00:00:06
    [Music]
  • 00:00:15
    when you finish this program you will
  • 00:00:17
    understand the operation of the ve pump
  • 00:00:19
    so you can relate to service and
  • 00:00:21
    troubleshooting
  • 00:00:22
    instructions some of you will repair or
  • 00:00:24
    calibrate this pump on the test bench
  • 00:00:27
    some of you will make minor pump
  • 00:00:28
    adjustments on the vehicle
  • 00:00:30
    all of you will know what you're doing
  • 00:00:32
    and
  • 00:00:35
    why why is the ve pump important to
  • 00:00:40
    you this late model distributor type
  • 00:00:42
    pump will be found in growing numbers in
  • 00:00:45
    passenger cars imported and built in the
  • 00:00:48
    United
  • 00:00:50
    States in other applications such as
  • 00:00:53
    light Marine small industrial and
  • 00:00:57
    agricultural as you'll be seeing more
  • 00:01:00
    more and more diesels and more ve pumps
  • 00:01:02
    to
  • 00:01:05
    service what is a ve
  • 00:01:08
    pump the V comes from ver Tyler meaning
  • 00:01:12
    distributor it's also called a rotary
  • 00:01:17
    pump it's more compact than most
  • 00:01:19
    familiar Diesel Injection pumps the
  • 00:01:21
    governor and Supply pump are not
  • 00:01:23
    external they're inside the
  • 00:01:28
    ve the inter integral Supply pump keeps
  • 00:01:31
    the interior filled with diesel fuel not
  • 00:01:34
    lubricating oil but fuel Under Pressure
  • 00:01:37
    we'll show that in
  • 00:01:41
    Orange under control of the pressure
  • 00:01:43
    regulator Supply pump pressure Rises
  • 00:01:45
    with RPM to as much as 100 PSI about 7
  • 00:01:50
    bar the ve pump can lift fuel directly
  • 00:01:53
    from the tank through the
  • 00:01:54
    filter some fuel bleeds through an
  • 00:01:57
    overflow to carry away heat back to the
  • 00:02:02
    tank like a spark ignition distributor
  • 00:02:05
    the diesel pump starts the power stroke
  • 00:02:08
    with proper timing and distributes to
  • 00:02:10
    each cylinder in firing
  • 00:02:13
    order in the ve pump the single plunger
  • 00:02:17
    operates with two motions rotation and
  • 00:02:22
    stroke in the center of the distributor
  • 00:02:24
    head the rotating plunger distributes
  • 00:02:27
    high pressure fuel shown in red to one
  • 00:02:30
    Outlet passage every 90° in this
  • 00:02:32
    4-cylinder
  • 00:02:34
    application High pressures May average
  • 00:02:36
    around 2800 PSI about 200
  • 00:02:40
    bar as the distributor slot lines up
  • 00:02:42
    with each passage it delivers High Press
  • 00:02:45
    fuel from the center of the
  • 00:02:48
    plunger you'll find various models of ve
  • 00:02:51
    pumps with distributor heads and Outlets
  • 00:02:54
    matching the number of engine
  • 00:02:58
    cylinders so distri distribution by
  • 00:03:00
    rotation is one job of the plunger
  • 00:03:03
    system fuel metering is another job to
  • 00:03:08
    understand fuel metering let's look at
  • 00:03:09
    the stroke
  • 00:03:11
    motion plunger stroke is constant in the
  • 00:03:14
    ve pump but the rollers don't lift on
  • 00:03:17
    the cam it's really the other way around
  • 00:03:20
    as the plunger and cam plate rotate they
  • 00:03:23
    lift on the rollers and are returned by
  • 00:03:26
    the
  • 00:03:28
    springs from bottom dead center you can
  • 00:03:31
    see the constant plunger stroke as cam
  • 00:03:33
    plate and plunger lift on the rollers to
  • 00:03:36
    top dead
  • 00:03:39
    center in our four-cylinder cam plate
  • 00:03:42
    there's a cam lobe lift within each 90°
  • 00:03:47
    sector if you consider the rollers as
  • 00:03:49
    fixed you can see the cam plate and
  • 00:03:52
    plunger rise up on the rollers to TDC
  • 00:03:55
    and return to BDC
  • 00:04:00
    look again at the two motions of the
  • 00:04:02
    plunger stroke and
  • 00:04:06
    rotation you can see the plunger May
  • 00:04:08
    dwell at BDC before and after the stroke
  • 00:04:11
    but even during the dwell plunger
  • 00:04:14
    rotation is
  • 00:04:18
    continuous that's important because
  • 00:04:21
    during the rotation The Fill Port lines
  • 00:04:24
    up and opens one of the fill slots
  • 00:04:26
    bringing in fuel for one cylinder the
  • 00:04:28
    port then closes
  • 00:04:34
    we know that Port closure is related to
  • 00:04:37
    timing and metering of fuel delivery
  • 00:04:39
    let's see how remember the motion of the
  • 00:04:42
    plunger it stroke to TDC and return and
  • 00:04:46
    its continuous
  • 00:04:49
    rotation the plunger fills with Supply
  • 00:04:52
    Pump Fuel shown in Orange during
  • 00:04:54
    pre-stroke while it's still at BDC
  • 00:04:59
    after rotation to Port closure the
  • 00:05:02
    plunger lifts from BDC and begins
  • 00:05:05
    delivery at high pressure shown in
  • 00:05:09
    red the distributor slot delivers High
  • 00:05:12
    Press fuel through a delivery passage
  • 00:05:15
    and line to each cylinder in firing
  • 00:05:19
    order there the fuel injector needle
  • 00:05:22
    opens and fuel is
  • 00:05:25
    delivered how does this delivery stop
  • 00:05:29
    that's the job of the metering
  • 00:05:32
    sleeve as the plunger Strokes through
  • 00:05:34
    the metering sleeve the movement
  • 00:05:36
    uncovers a spill Port opening the high
  • 00:05:39
    press circuit and spilling the remaining
  • 00:05:41
    fuel into the pump
  • 00:05:44
    interior this is called Port opening or
  • 00:05:49
    spill effective stroke ends with Port
  • 00:05:52
    opening even though plunger stroke
  • 00:05:57
    continues with the drop in pressure the
  • 00:06:00
    injector cuts off
  • 00:06:02
    delivery aided by its delivery valve at
  • 00:06:05
    the pump distributor
  • 00:06:08
    head so for each plunger rotation and
  • 00:06:11
    stroke we have fill to Port closure
  • 00:06:15
    delivery to Port opening and
  • 00:06:21
    spill for a 4-cylinder engine we have
  • 00:06:23
    four plunger Strokes in one pump
  • 00:06:26
    Revolution 360° which is of course 720
  • 00:06:30
    engine
  • 00:06:33
    de the ve pumps we've been discussing
  • 00:06:36
    are called zero
  • 00:06:38
    pre-stroke because Port closure occurs
  • 00:06:41
    by rotation before the plunger lifts
  • 00:06:43
    from
  • 00:06:46
    BDC you can identify these pumps by the
  • 00:06:49
    simple fill slots which Port close by
  • 00:06:55
    rotation contrast the zero pre-stroke
  • 00:06:59
    with the plunger of a different pump
  • 00:07:01
    which has a
  • 00:07:05
    pre-stroke because of this anulus or
  • 00:07:08
    circular slot The Fill Port cannot close
  • 00:07:12
    by rotation
  • 00:07:17
    alone instead the plunger must lift for
  • 00:07:21
    Port closure only after the annulus
  • 00:07:24
    lifts Beyond The Fill Port do we have
  • 00:07:26
    Port closure
  • 00:07:30
    for this type of V pump lift to Port
  • 00:07:33
    closure settings are important because
  • 00:07:36
    delivery does not begin until a
  • 00:07:38
    specified lift from
  • 00:07:41
    BDC regardless of Port closure Port
  • 00:07:45
    opening is determined by the position of
  • 00:07:47
    the metering sleeve as the plunger and
  • 00:07:50
    spill Port move through it the metering
  • 00:07:53
    sleeve position determines the amount of
  • 00:07:54
    fuel
  • 00:07:57
    delivered what positions this sleeve
  • 00:08:01
    it is usually the accelerator pedal some
  • 00:08:03
    form of power control
  • 00:08:05
    lever for low power light accelerator
  • 00:08:09
    pressure the sleeve is closer to BDC so
  • 00:08:12
    the spill Port opens sooner by plunger
  • 00:08:16
    stroke for greater power the sleeve is
  • 00:08:18
    farther from BDC so the spill Port does
  • 00:08:21
    not open until later in the plunger
  • 00:08:26
    stroke so as this lever positions the
  • 00:08:28
    sleeve it determines the effective
  • 00:08:31
    stroke the effective stroke is always
  • 00:08:34
    less than full plunger
  • 00:08:38
    stroke it is the spring and fly weights
  • 00:08:41
    which determine the force on the
  • 00:08:43
    governor lever and
  • 00:08:48
    sleeve when does the governor
  • 00:08:51
    control you may recall it controls at
  • 00:08:54
    start low idle full load rated Speed
  • 00:08:58
    high idle and overrun or coasting for
  • 00:09:02
    each case let's see
  • 00:09:03
    how at startup the fly weights are at
  • 00:09:06
    rest so the guide bushing is pushed back
  • 00:09:09
    to the left in this
  • 00:09:10
    picture the governor lever pivots to
  • 00:09:13
    move the metering sleeve the other way
  • 00:09:15
    away from
  • 00:09:17
    BDC then how does that affect fuel
  • 00:09:20
    delivery for
  • 00:09:23
    startup that's right maximum delivery at
  • 00:09:27
    startup spill occurs only after the
  • 00:09:29
    plunger takes its longest stroke to Port
  • 00:09:34
    opening when the metering sleeve is
  • 00:09:36
    farthest from BDC the effective stroke
  • 00:09:39
    is
  • 00:09:42
    longest so for startup the greatest
  • 00:09:44
    quantity of fuel is delivered greater
  • 00:09:47
    even than at full
  • 00:09:52
    load now as the engine starts the fly
  • 00:09:55
    weights open out moving the guide
  • 00:09:57
    bushing to the right so the governor
  • 00:10:00
    lever pivots the sleeve to the left
  • 00:10:03
    shortening the effective
  • 00:10:06
    stroke with the sleeve close to BDC the
  • 00:10:09
    plunger moves only a minimum distance
  • 00:10:11
    before the spill Port opens thus a
  • 00:10:14
    minimum effective
  • 00:10:18
    stroke at low idle the governor controls
  • 00:10:22
    fuel injection at the idle RPM tending
  • 00:10:25
    to compensate for temperature and load
  • 00:10:27
    changes
  • 00:10:31
    when you increase power move from low
  • 00:10:34
    idle to high-speed stop what
  • 00:10:38
    happens fuel delivery depends on a
  • 00:10:41
    balance of forces spring forces
  • 00:10:44
    balancing flyweight forces pivoting the
  • 00:10:46
    lever to move the metering
  • 00:10:50
    sleeve when you're increasing power
  • 00:10:53
    spring Force tends to move the sleeve
  • 00:10:56
    away from BDC against the opposing
  • 00:10:59
    flyweight
  • 00:11:02
    Force the fly weights are collapsed at
  • 00:11:05
    low RPM and at full load the spring
  • 00:11:08
    force is greater than the flyweight
  • 00:11:12
    Force the metering sleeve is moved away
  • 00:11:15
    from BDC so the effective stroke is
  • 00:11:20
    longer the fuel quantity per stroke is
  • 00:11:23
    greater the engine accelerates and the
  • 00:11:26
    vehicle gains speed
  • 00:11:30
    in part speed is determined by load
  • 00:11:34
    climbing a hill full load may be at some
  • 00:11:37
    paral speed between minimum and
  • 00:11:42
    maximum as the RPM approaches rated
  • 00:11:44
    speed what
  • 00:11:46
    [Music]
  • 00:11:49
    happens at rated speed and full load the
  • 00:11:52
    spring Force just balances the flyweight
  • 00:11:55
    Force holding the metering sleeve for
  • 00:11:57
    rated speed delivery
  • 00:11:59
    full load continues at rated speed but
  • 00:12:02
    no
  • 00:12:07
    more now suppose you run the engine at
  • 00:12:10
    no load as with the clutch down and
  • 00:12:13
    accelerator full down holding the
  • 00:12:15
    control lever against the high idle or
  • 00:12:18
    maximum rpm
  • 00:12:21
    stop at high RPM the fly weights move
  • 00:12:25
    out opposing the spring the fly weight
  • 00:12:28
    force is stronger so through the lever
  • 00:12:30
    it moves the metering sleeve to reduce
  • 00:12:32
    effective
  • 00:12:35
    stroke this reduced fuel flow is called
  • 00:12:38
    high idle notice this no load condition
  • 00:12:42
    produces a maximum rpm faster than rated
  • 00:12:45
    speed but at a fraction of the fuel
  • 00:12:50
    delivery finally suppose you release the
  • 00:12:53
    accelerator and Coast returning the
  • 00:12:55
    governor lever to the low idle stop what
  • 00:12:58
    happens
  • 00:13:00
    at high RPM with accelerator at idle the
  • 00:13:04
    flyweight Force overcomes the relaxed
  • 00:13:06
    spring the metering sleeve moves so
  • 00:13:09
    close to BDC that injection pressure
  • 00:13:12
    never develops a zero delivery
  • 00:13:16
    condition zero because the metering
  • 00:13:19
    sleeve is so close to BDC that it never
  • 00:13:22
    covers the spill Port during the plunger
  • 00:13:26
    stroke zero delivery during overrun is
  • 00:13:29
    one reason diesels are so economical
  • 00:13:31
    during conditions such as City
  • 00:13:35
    driving you've seen that at full load
  • 00:13:38
    the governor lever moves the metering
  • 00:13:40
    sleeve far from
  • 00:13:43
    BDC how can we make a full load
  • 00:13:46
    adjustment say to increase our full load
  • 00:13:49
    fuel
  • 00:13:53
    quantity on the governor you'll find a
  • 00:13:56
    full load adjustment screw you should
  • 00:13:59
    adjust this screw only on the test bench
  • 00:14:01
    never on the
  • 00:14:03
    vehicle this screw adjusts a special
  • 00:14:06
    lever called the correction lever
  • 00:14:09
    pivoting at 0. one notice this
  • 00:14:12
    correction lever carries pivot two the
  • 00:14:14
    normal pivot point you've seen for
  • 00:14:16
    spring and flyweight force on the
  • 00:14:18
    metering
  • 00:14:20
    sleeve so moving this full load
  • 00:14:23
    adjustment screw shifts pivot 2 which
  • 00:14:26
    has the effect of Shifting the metering
  • 00:14:28
    sleeve and so changing our full loadad
  • 00:14:33
    delivery on the test bench you can turn
  • 00:14:36
    this screw to move the correction lever
  • 00:14:38
    inside the
  • 00:14:40
    pump this movement in to increase pivots
  • 00:14:44
    the correction lever at pivot 1 to move
  • 00:14:47
    pivot 2 and the metering sleeve
  • 00:14:50
    increasing the effective stroke and
  • 00:14:52
    therefore the full load fuel
  • 00:14:56
    delivery you can see why this full load
  • 00:14:59
    fuel delivery must be adjusted before
  • 00:15:01
    the other
  • 00:15:05
    settings high and low idle can be done
  • 00:15:08
    on the test bench or on the vehicle in
  • 00:15:12
    the shop set idle RPM at the low idle
  • 00:15:15
    stock set maximum rpm at the high idle
  • 00:15:19
    stock but leave the full load adjustment
  • 00:15:22
    screw
  • 00:15:24
    alone you've seen distribution and
  • 00:15:27
    metering in the ve pump will conclude
  • 00:15:30
    with injection timing the timing
  • 00:15:32
    mechanisms and the timing
  • 00:15:34
    adjustments in a procedure similar to
  • 00:15:37
    spark timing Diesel Injection timing is
  • 00:15:39
    adjusted to the engine by rotating the
  • 00:15:41
    pump housing around the drive shaft
  • 00:15:45
    axis timing is set by turning the pump
  • 00:15:49
    in the mounting bolt slots so injection
  • 00:15:51
    begins at the correct
  • 00:15:55
    time in this cutaway ve pump you can see
  • 00:15:58
    the timing device the timing piston and
  • 00:16:01
    its opposing
  • 00:16:04
    spring at low RPM Supply pump pressure
  • 00:16:07
    has little effect on timing piston
  • 00:16:10
    travel as pressure Rises with increasing
  • 00:16:14
    RPM piston movement advances the roller
  • 00:16:17
    ring opposite to drive shaft
  • 00:16:20
    rotation this advances the time when the
  • 00:16:23
    cam plate will lift from BDC to begin
  • 00:16:25
    the stroke
  • 00:16:29
    so as Supply pump pressure increases
  • 00:16:31
    with RPM the timing piston travels
  • 00:16:35
    advancing the time when injection
  • 00:16:40
    Begins for this reason procedures on the
  • 00:16:43
    test bench include measuring the travel
  • 00:16:45
    of the timing piston as the RPM
  • 00:16:50
    changes on some ve pumps a cold start
  • 00:16:53
    lever and cam Advanced the timing a few
  • 00:16:56
    degrees tending to reduce startup smoke
  • 00:17:01
    on most pumps fueled shut off is
  • 00:17:05
    electrical a solenoid valve closes the
  • 00:17:09
    supply of fuel to the fill port and the
  • 00:17:15
    plunger you may find a mechanical shut
  • 00:17:18
    off the lever system overrides the
  • 00:17:21
    governor spring to move the metering
  • 00:17:23
    sleeve to zero
  • 00:17:27
    delivery you've seen the compact ve pump
  • 00:17:30
    pressurized by the integral Supply
  • 00:17:34
    pump the single plunger rotating for
  • 00:17:37
    distribution of fuel to the cylinders in
  • 00:17:39
    firing
  • 00:17:42
    order you've seen the meter delivery to
  • 00:17:44
    Port opening and
  • 00:17:47
    spill the metering sleeve opening The
  • 00:17:50
    Spill Port sooner for lower power
  • 00:17:52
    requirements or set to open later for
  • 00:17:55
    greater
  • 00:17:57
    power position by the accelerator spring
  • 00:18:00
    forces and Governor
  • 00:18:04
    flyweights governed for correct delivery
  • 00:18:06
    quantity at various load and RPM
  • 00:18:12
    conditions finally you've seen the
  • 00:18:15
    timing and the timing piston
  • 00:18:17
    travel operating principles important to
  • 00:18:20
    your service and troubleshooting
  • 00:18:22
    instruction brought to you by VOS
Tags
  • pompe VE
  • injection diesel
  • distribution de carburant
  • gouverneur
  • réglage de la livraison
  • timing d'injection
  • moteurs diesel
  • service et dépannage
  • pression de la pompe
  • mécanismes de mesure