Plant Growth And Development

00:04:21
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0SWpo1mt9x4

الملخص

TLDRThe document discusses the fundamental aspects of plant growth and development, defining growth as a permanent increase in size. It highlights the unique characteristics of plant growth, such as the ability for unlimited growth throughout a plant's life. Growth types include arithmetic and geometric, and both are key in the development of organisms. Development encompasses growth, differentiation, and maturation. Plant growth regulators are crucial for regulating these processes; hormones like auxins, gibberellins, and ethylene play specific roles. Photoperiodism is also detailed, explaining how plants react to different light durations to initiate flowering and the distinction between long day, short day, and day-neutral plants.

الوجبات الجاهزة

  • 🌱 Growth is a permanent increase in size.
  • 🔄 Plants have unlimited growth potential.
  • 📈 Arithmetic & geometric growth rates are key concepts.
  • 🧬 Development involves growth, differentiation, and maturation.
  • ⚗️ Plant hormones regulate growth and development.
  • 🌞 Photoperiodism affects flowering in plants.
  • 🌿 Auxins maintain apical dominance.
  • 📊 The role of different plant growth regulators varies.
  • 🌙 Short day and long day plants respond differently to light.
  • ⚖️ Day-neutral plants do not depend on light duration for flowering.

الجدول الزمني

  • 00:00:00 - 00:04:21

    Plant growth is a key characteristic of living organisms, defined as a permanent increase in size accompanied by metabolic processes. Growth in plants is unique due to their ability for unlimited growth throughout life, involving both arithmetic and geometric growth rates. Arithmetic growth occurs when one daughter cell from mitosis continues to divide while the other matures, whereas both progeny cells in geometric growth continue to divide. Development in plants entails a sequence of events including growth, differentiation, maturation, and senescence, transitioning from seed germination to flowering and seed formation. Plant growth regulators, or hormones, are crucial for regulating growth and development, with auxins playing a role in apical dominance, where the main shoot prevents nearby lateral buds from growing. The impact of different plant hormones, including auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene, on development is significant. Additionally, photoperiodism describes how plants respond to the length of day or night, classifying them into long-day, short-day, and day-neutral plants based on their flowering requirements.

الخريطة الذهنية

فيديو أسئلة وأجوبة

  • What is plant growth?

    Plant growth is defined as an irreversible permanent increase in size of an organ or its parts or of an individual cell.

  • What are the types of growth in plants?

    The types of growth in plants include arithmetic growth and geometric growth.

  • What are plant growth regulators?

    Plant growth regulators, or hormones, are small molecules that regulate growth and development in plants.

  • What is photoperiodism?

    Photoperiodism is the response of plants to periods of day or night, affecting their flowering behavior.

  • What are long day and short day plants?

    Long day plants require more light to flower, while short day plants require less light.

  • What is apical dominance?

    Apical dominance is a phenomenon where the presence of the apical bud inhibits the growth of nearby lateral buds.

  • How do auxins affect plant growth?

    Auxins are hormones that maintain apical dominance and promote various growth processes.

  • What is the role of gibberellins in plants?

    Gibberellins are plant hormones that promote growth and development in various ways.

  • What is the effect of ethylene on plant development?

    Ethylene regulates fruit ripening and other developmental processes in plants.

  • Do day-neutral plants respond to light duration?

    Day-neutral plants do not show a correlation between light exposure duration and flowering.

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الترجمات
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التمرير التلقائي:
  • 00:00:02
    plant growth and
  • 00:00:07
    development growth growth is one of the
  • 00:00:10
    most fundamental and conspicuous
  • 00:00:12
    characteristics of living organisms it
  • 00:00:15
    is defined as an irreversible permanent
  • 00:00:18
    increase in size of an organ or its
  • 00:00:21
    parts or even of an individual cell
  • 00:00:25
    growth is accompanied by metabolic
  • 00:00:27
    processes that occur at the expense of
  • 00:00:30
    energy germination and growth of a bean
  • 00:00:33
    seedling is Illustrated here growth in
  • 00:00:36
    plants is unique as they retain the
  • 00:00:39
    capacity for unlimited growth throughout
  • 00:00:41
    their
  • 00:00:45
    life growth rate arithmetic growth rate
  • 00:00:50
    geometric growth rate and embryonic
  • 00:00:52
    development involving arithmetic and
  • 00:00:55
    geometric growth rate are Illustrated in
  • 00:00:57
    the
  • 00:00:58
    diagram in arithmetic itic growth
  • 00:01:00
    following mitotic cell division only one
  • 00:01:03
    daughter cell continues to divide while
  • 00:01:06
    the other differentiates and
  • 00:01:08
    matures in geometrical growth both the
  • 00:01:11
    progeny cells following mitotic cell
  • 00:01:14
    division retain the ability to divide
  • 00:01:16
    and continue to do
  • 00:01:18
    so during the development of an embryo
  • 00:01:21
    both types of growth rate are involved
  • 00:01:24
    this transforms a single celled zot into
  • 00:01:27
    a multicellular organism
  • 00:01:36
    development besides growth and
  • 00:01:38
    differentiation a plant also undergoes
  • 00:01:41
    development development is the sequence
  • 00:01:43
    of events that occur in the life history
  • 00:01:45
    of a cell organ or organism which
  • 00:01:49
    includes growth differentiation
  • 00:01:52
    maturation and cense the sequence of
  • 00:01:56
    which is shown in the diagrammatic
  • 00:01:58
    representation thus during its life
  • 00:02:02
    cycle from germination of the seed
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    through growth maturation flouring seed
  • 00:02:07
    formation and
  • 00:02:13
    senin plant growth Regulators plant
  • 00:02:16
    growth Regulators or plant hormones are
  • 00:02:19
    small simple molecules of diverse
  • 00:02:22
    chemical composition in low
  • 00:02:24
    concentrations plant hormones regulate
  • 00:02:26
    growth differentiation and development
  • 00:02:29
    by promoting or inhibiting the
  • 00:02:32
    same auxins are plant hormones which
  • 00:02:35
    maintain appical
  • 00:02:38
    dominance appical dominance is a
  • 00:02:40
    phenomenon by which presence of appical
  • 00:02:43
    butt does not allow the nearby lateral
  • 00:02:46
    butts to grow decapitation of the
  • 00:02:49
    appical shoe tip results in the growth
  • 00:02:51
    of lateral butts as shown in the
  • 00:02:58
    diagram
  • 00:03:00
    a comparative account of plant growth
  • 00:03:03
    Regulators a comparative account of
  • 00:03:05
    plant growth Regulators namely oxin
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    gibberling
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    cyto absc acid and ethylin on plant
  • 00:03:15
    development is tabulated here a positive
  • 00:03:18
    sign indicates the involvement of the
  • 00:03:20
    plant hormone in the given category of
  • 00:03:23
    plant development and vice
  • 00:03:28
    versa
  • 00:03:35
    photoperiodism the response of plants to
  • 00:03:37
    periods of day or night is termed as
  • 00:03:41
    photoperiodism three different types of
  • 00:03:43
    plants are shown here depending on Photo
  • 00:03:46
    periodism long day plants require the
  • 00:03:48
    exposure to light for a period exceeding
  • 00:03:51
    a well- defined critical duration before
  • 00:03:54
    the flowering is
  • 00:03:56
    initiated short day plants require the
  • 00:03:58
    exposure to f for a period less than a
  • 00:04:01
    well- defined critical duration before
  • 00:04:04
    the flowering is
  • 00:04:06
    initiated day neutral plants show no
  • 00:04:09
    correlation between the exposure to
  • 00:04:11
    light duration and induction or
  • 00:04:14
    flowering
  • 00:04:19
    response
الوسوم
  • plant growth
  • development
  • plant hormones
  • photoperiodism
  • auxins
  • gibberellins
  • ethylene
  • apical dominance
  • arithmetic growth
  • geometric growth